雅思5.5基础阅读课程讲义 u12

UNIT 12  Travel

Look at these photos.

The Weird and the Wonderful-That's Tourism!

词汇讲解：

weird   adj. 怪诞的，神秘而可怕的，超然的；

strange：陌生的；

bizarre   adj. 奇形怪状的, 怪诞的；

A

The Beijing Olympics started on 08.08.08, but on 07. 07. 07 there was an event of almost equal importance. On that earlier date, the new Seven Wonders of the World were announced. These replaced most of the original ancient ones, although Egypt’s Pyramids were given an honorary place. The final revised list included the ancient stone city of Petra in Jordan and the ruined city of Machu Picchu in Peru. Italy’s Colosseum, India’s Taj Mahal and Mexico’s Chichen ltza were three magnificent buildings that were included, and Brazil’s towering statue of Christ the Redeemer, which was only built in 1931, joined the older members of the list. And, needless to say, the updated list would have been incomplete without the inclusion of China’s Great Wall, which was built to defend the country from invaders.

词汇讲解：

tourism   n. 旅游业；

tourist   n. 旅行者, 观光客；

guide   vt. 引路; 指导,导游；

guideline  n. 指导方针, 准则；

guidebook   n. 旅行指南；

souvenir   n. 纪念品。

announce   vt. & vi. 宣布, 宣告, 发表；

declare   vt. 宣布, 宣告; 声明；

claim  vt. 声称, 断言；

proclaim   vt. 正式宣布；

state   n. 政府，州；vt. 陈述; 敘述。

assert  vt. 宣称 表明，说明，e.g.：I assert 我认为…我表明…

replace  vt. 取代, 代替; 更换, 替换，把…放回原位

e.g.：A was replaced by B.  A被B替代了。

original：

adj.

起初的; 原来的，e.g.：The original settlers are the Indians. 土著民是印度人。

独创的; 新颖的

原版的; 原作的

n. 原文, 原稿，e.g.：this is my original 这是我原创的。

oriental   adj. 东方的, 东方人的, 东方文化的；

occidental adj. 西方的, 西洋的；

ancient   adj. 古代的, 古老的；年老的, 老式的；守旧的。

e.g.：S.b. is ancient.  某人很守旧。

pyramids  n. 金字塔；

magnificent  adj. 壮丽的, 伟大的, 华丽的, 高贵的；

座堂（Cathedral）：教区主教驻在地。

圣堂/礼拜堂（Church）：通常为传道区/牧区所在，有主任司铎/主任牧师，教友/会友多的教堂甚至有执事/助理圣品。

小堂/礼拜堂（Chapel）：有驻堂神父/主理牧师一位。

needless to say：更不用说；

update：

vt. 更新; 使现代化；

n. 提供最新信息; 现代化; 更新。

defend   vt. & vi. 保卫；辩护; 辩解；

defense    n. 防御, 保卫, 保护；辩护, 答辩。

invader   n. 侵略者；

B

Those sites are very popular, and people travel from all over the world to view them, but other than looking at them, there’s very little else to do. Tourist companies in cities, towns or villages want to get people to come and have a good time and spend their money, so they have to dream up ways of attracting the tourists. Then they have to keep them there by providing them with something different, exciting or even downright dangerous to do; the trick, though, is to think of something unique.

词汇讲解：

downright：完完全全地，绝对的；

trick  n. 戏法, 把戏；

Hallowmas：万圣节；

trick or treat：不给糖就捣蛋。

unique   adj. 独一无二的, 仅有的, 惟一的

antique   adj. 古时制造的, 古董的；

boutique：精品店，好的商品。

C

That could be something like New Zealand’s original bungee jumping, for example, where a stretchy rope is tied around your ankles and you jump from a great height, stopping (hopefully) just before the ground. Or it could be dragon boat races, for instance, which take place in China each year on the fifth day of the fifth month according to the Chinese lunar calendar. If you say bungy, people immediately think of New Zealand, and if you say dragon boat, people at once think of China, but you can do bungy jumps in other parts of the world, and you can see dragon boat racing in Singapore or other places overseas.

词汇讲解：

tie   vt. 系, 拴, 绑；

n. 领带, 领结；

ankle   n. 踝, 踝关节；

heel   n. 足跟; 踵部, 后跟。

lunar   adj. 月的, 月球的；和月亮有关的；

Lunatic fringe：极其疯癫的人；

lunacy  n. 精神失常。

calendar  n. 日历, 月历；

D

Big cities usually have many attractions to keep tourists happy, but smaller towns or villages find it difficult and they sometimes struggle. Some fail, but others manage to put themselves on the map and attract large numbers of visitors. They do this by organizing events that are not available anywhere else in the whole wide world. Take Cooper’s Hill in England for instance: they roll a large cheese down a steep hill and hundreds of people chase after it. Many fall and are hurt, but the last person standing at the bottom of the hill can keep the cheese.

词汇讲解：

roll   vt. & vi. (使)打滚, (使)转动, 滚动；

many  n. 很多人，很多东西; adj. 很多的；

E

A similar downhill event takes place in Suwa, Japan, where men only sit on a huge log, one behind the other, and try to ride it down a steep hill without falling off and being injured or worse. Why do they do it? Other than the sense of pride and relief at making it to the bottom of the hill in one piece, there is no prize, no money, nothing. Or take the town of Sonkajärvi in Finland; it organises a yearly wife-carrying competition in which the man must carry the woman and run along the ground and through water. The first couple to cross the winning line get the prize ... the wife’s weight in beer!

F

Then there’s BuÑol, Spain. On the last Wednesday in August, they have a food fight. It’s called La Tomatina, and up to 40,000 people can gather in the streets and throw ripe tomatoes at each other. As you can imagine, it’s very, very messy, but great fun. Another fun festival which is just as messy, if not messier, occurs every summer in Boryeong, South Korea. During the annual Mud Festival, people, especially foreigners, let their hair down and play and wrestle in the mud. Most of these events, apart from the Finnish one, which has been imitated elsewhere, are truly unique because they can’t be found anywhere else in the world.

词汇讲解：

messy   adj. 肮脏的；

annual   adj. 每年的, 年度的, 一年一次的；

anniversary   n. 周年纪念。

mud  n. 烂泥，泥；

wrestle  v. 摔跤；

imitate   vt. 模仿；

mimic  n. 模仿名人言行的娱乐演员, 善于模仿的人或物；

mock  n. 模拟，mock examination：模拟考试；

copycat   n. 盲目模仿者。

G

From a tourism provider’s point of view, tourism is all about how to attract people to your area, and then keep them there long enough to spend money. There needs to be a ‘point of difference’, something that makes your site, festival or attraction really stand out in a crowded market. Some places are lucky enough to have one of the great wonders of the world. Others have a special annual festival or event which is too good to be missed. The rest have to rely on spectacular scenery, seasonal conditions, such as winter snow, or unique activities and adventure sports to keep the flow of tourists rolling in.

词汇讲解：

seasonal conditions：季节性情况；

scenery   n. 风景, 景色。

adventure：

n. 冒险活动; 冒险经历; 奇遇；

vt. & vi. 冒险。

ambition   n. 抱负, 雄心, 野心；

ambitious   adj. 有抱负的, 雄心勃勃的；

aggressive   adj. 侵略性的。

 

Multiple Choice

练习1：Circle the correct letter.

Some questions may have MORE THAN ONE correct answer, and this will be indicated in the instructions.

1)  The announcement made on 07.07.07 was

a)  the date for the Beijing Olympics.

b)  the modern Seven Wonders of the World.

c)  the original Seven Wonders of the World.

d)  all of the above.

2)  The Pyramids in Egypt are

a)  first on the new list.

b)  only included on the old list.

c)  included on the new list as a special extra.

d)  all of the above.

3)  The new Seven Wonders of the World include

a)  three old cities and two splendid buildings.

b)  two old cities and three splendid buildings.

c)  four old cities and one splendid building.

d)  all of the above.

4)  The defence structure which is included in the new Seven Wonders of the World is in

a)  Jordan.

b)  India.

c)  China.

d)  all of the above.

定位词要求： 1、识别性强；

2、在文中重复率低。

 

选择题解题技巧

一、单选题：

1.         确定大体位置，粗略定位；

2.         确定第一小题位置；

定位词：数字/时间/百分比/大/A-B型/职业/属性/身份；

举例：

Linguistic：语言学；

Bilingual：双语的；

3.         读题干及四个选项，排除混淆项；

§   选切题的，不选离题的；

§   相似的选项中选概括的，不选具体的；

§   选深刻的，不选肤浅的: 带钱的去掉；

§   选客观的，不选绝对的: every，only，must；

§   选同意替换的，不选原文原词的。

4.         回文中找对应句与剩余选项比较，同义词替换，选择正确答案。无法判断则做下一题。

§   金钱选项一定不是正确选项；

§   Expensive，costly；

§   Commercial，funding；

§   长得像twins的选项一定有正确选项，选更加概括的选项；

§   考点集中在段落中后部。

题目中转折词： But、however、yet；

5.         实在选不出：

§   单选可以选：B  or   C；

§   多选可以选：D  and  E。

 

牢记：题目出现按照顺序原则，正确选项是原文中所用词的替换词。

猜法：题目中出现原文同义词为正确选项；

      相似选项里面选一个；

      选有not的选项；

      数字题选文中没有出现的数字。

 

Short Answer Questions

练习2： Answer the questions below. Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the reading passage for each answer.

　　5)  What is the name for the NZ activity where people ‘fall’ from a high place?  ________

　　6)  What sort of Chinese competitions are described in the reading passage?  ________

　　7)  In both the Cooper's Hill and Suwa competitions, what sort of place is necessary for the event?  ________

　　8)  In addition to relief at not being injured, what other feeling do the male competitors at Suwa have?  ________

　　9)  How often does the Finnish race take place?  ________

　　10)  What do people do in La Tomatina?  ________

　　11)  Which group of people particularly enjoy the Korean event that is described?  ________

12)  Compared to the competition in Finland, how can those in England, Japan, Spain and Korea be described? They are  ________.

 

Locating Information

练习3：The reading passage has six paragraphs, A-G. Which paragraph contains the following information? Write the correct letter, A-G beside each number. You may use any letter more than once.

　　13) ______ Some small towns succeed in hosting special events that are very popular with tourists.

　　14) ______ A tourist event takes place according to the moon calendar.

　　15) ______ India has a wonderful old building which is word famous.

　　16) ______ People compete in a dangerous event even though there is no reward.

　　17) ______ The Seven Wonders of the World sites do not provide activities for tourists.

　　18) ______ Some events are associated with certain countries.

19) ______ Two of the new Wonders of the World are in South America.

课后练习

练习4：This section of the reading units will include some activities to help you to understand and practise reading skills that will help you with the IELTS test.

　　Vocabulary

　　to announce          original             honorary

　　magnificent          towering            updated

　　inclusion            downright           unique

　　ankle              for instance          to attract [tourists]

　　injured             pride              competition

Match the words above to the meanings below.

　　a. wonderful, splendid                           ________

　　b. the joint between your foot and your leg           ________

　　c. very, very high                               ________

　　d. revised to match new information                ________

　　e. one of a kind                                 ________

　　f. for example                                  ________

　　g. hurt                                        ________

　　h. being the first example of something              ________

　　i. to publicly state something                      ________

　　j. a feeling of satisfaction with what you've done       ________

　　k. completely, totally                             ________

　　1. describing a special title or position               ________

　　m. to draw them to visit your area                   ________

　　n. an event where people try to be the best            ________

o. the opposite of exclusion                        ________

词汇讲解：

magnificent：宏伟的，伟大的；

significant：显著的；

insignificant：不显著的。

ankle：脚踝；

heel：脚后跟。

towering：高耸的；

updated：升级的；

unique：独一无二的；

antique：古董；

for instance：例如；

Take sth for example.

Sth can illustrate the point of view.

Sth is a classic illustration of the point of view.

Injured：受伤；

Original：原始的；

To announce：宣布；

Demonstrate/ state；

Pride：自豪；

Downright：完全的；

Honorary：荣誉的；

To attract：吸引；

Competition：竞争；

Cooperation：合作；

Inclusion：包含其中。