基础单词3
Lesson 1
第五部分
sore
I've got a sore back.我后背疼。
My feet were sore with all the walking.走了这么多的路，我的脚很痛。
I've got a sore throat and a runny nose.
He accused me of being a sore loser (= someone who does not accept defeat well).他说我是个输不起的人。
spread
The fire spread very rapidly because of the strong wind.风很大，火势迅速蔓延开来。
Are you spreading (= telling a lot of people) gossip/rumours again?你是不是又在四处散播谣言了？
If we spread (= divide) the work between us, it won't seem so bad.如果我们大家分担一下工作，情况可能就没那么糟糕了。
The course is spread over two years.课程两年完成。
The survey found a wide spread of opinion over the proposed new building.调查广泛征集了对于拟议中的新建筑的意见。
cheese/chocolate/fish spread奶酪／巧克力／鱼酱
Sheila laid on (= made) a magnificent spread for us.希拉为我们准备了丰盛的饭菜。
The issue was priced at a spread of 115 basis points above Treasury bonds.这一期的价格定在比财政部债券高115点的位置。
stomach
He was punched in the stomach.他肚子上挨了一拳。
The doctor asked him to lie down on his stomach.医生让他俯卧。
She has a very delicate stomach and doesn't eat spicy food.她肠胃不好，不能吃辛辣食物。
I was hungry and my stomach had started growling/rumbling (= making noises).我饿了，肚子开始咕咕叫了。
I suggested that some weak tea might settle (= calm) her stomach.我建议她喝杯茶，也许可以缓解她胃部的不适。
I didn't have the stomach for another fight.我没有勇气再打一架了。
You need to have a very strong stomach to watch some of the surgery scenes.要观看某些外科手术场面，你需要有极强的忍耐力。（have a weak stomach）
She found the violence in the film hard to stomach.她觉得这部电影中的暴力场面令人难以忍受。
suitcase
Have you packed/unpacked your suitcase yet?你把衣物都放进手提箱了吗／从手提箱里拿出来了吗?
talent
Her talent for music showed at an early age.她小时候就表现出了音乐天赋。
His artistic talents were wasted in his boring job.他的艺术天分被枯燥乏味的工作消磨殆尽。
throne 王座；王位
Elizabeth II ascended/came to the throne (= became queen of Britain) when her father died.伊丽莎白二世在其父逝世后登上王位。
William is next in line to the throne (= will become king next).威廉将继承王位。
transfer
He has been transferred to a psychiatric hospital.他被转到了一家精神病医院。
The aim is to transfer power/control/responsibility to self-governing regional councils.目的在于把权力／控制权／责任移交给自治的地方议会。
I'll be upstairs, so could you transfer my phone calls up there, please?我要上楼了，请把我的电话转到楼上好吗？
After a year he transferred to University College, Dublin.一年后他转到了都柏林大学。
Some very high-profile players have transferred to clubs abroad.一些非常有名的球员已经转会到了国外俱乐部。
He came to the team as a transfer from Tottenham.他从托特纳姆队转会而来。
She transferred the house to her daughter before she died.她死前把房子转让给了女儿。
the transfer of information信息的传递
The price includes flight, hotel and all transfers.价格包括飞机票、旅馆和所有转乘费用。
The kids bought transfers and ironed them onto their T-shirts.孩子们买来转印图画，然后用熨斗印到他们的短袖圆领运动衫上。
usage
The earliest recorded usage of the word is in the twelfth century.关于这个词用法的最早记载见于12世纪。
Sports equipment is designed to withstand hard usage.运动装备在设计上要结实耐用。
Many had complained about the usage they'd received at his hands.很多人都曾抱怨在他手下受到了不公待遇。
vowel 元音；元音字母
A short vowel is a short sound as in the word "cup".短元音是诸如 cup 一词中的短音。A long vowel is a long sound as in the word "shoe".长元音是诸如 shoe 一词中的长音。
The vowels in English are a, e, i, o, and u.英语中的元音字母是 a，e，i，o，u。
withdraw 抽回;取回;提取;撤回;撤离;退出;移回
This credit card allows you to withdraw up to £200 a day from ATMs.这张信用卡允许你每天从自动取款机中提取200英镑。
The UN has withdrawn its troops from the country.联合国已从该国撤军。
Eleven million bottles of water had to be withdrawn from sale due to a health scare.因为担心危害健康，有1100万瓶水不得不停止销售。
All charges against them were withdrawn after the prosecution's case collapsed.原告诉讼被驳回，所以对他们的指控都撤销了。
After lunch, we withdrew into her office to finish our discussion in private.午饭后，我们回到她的办公室私下完成讨论。formal
She had to withdraw from the competition because of a leg injury.她因伤只好退出了比赛。
Following his nervous breakdown, he withdrew from public life and refused to give any interviews.神经崩溃后，他退出了公众生活并拒绝接受任何采访。
After the accident, he withdrew into himself and refused to talk to family or friends.那场事故后，他变得沉默寡言，并拒绝和家人或朋友说话。
Lesson 2
第一部分
absolute 完全的；全部的；绝对的；毋庸置疑的
a man of absolute integrity/discretion刚正不阿／极度审慎的人
I have absolute faith in her judgment.我完全相信她的判断。
There was no absolute proof of fraud.没有确凿的证据能证明是诈骗行为。
He's an absolute idiot!他是个十足的白痴！
That's absolute rubbish!那完全是一派胡言！
an absolute law/principle/doctrine放之四海而皆准的法则／原则／学说
Do you think there's such a thing as absolute truth/beauty?你认为绝对的真理／美存在吗？
Her contribution was better than most, but in absolute terms (= without comparing it with anything else) it was not very good.她的稿件比大部分人的都好，但就其本身而言还不够好。
an absolute monarch专制君主
agency 代理；中介；部、处
an advertising/employment/estate/travel agency广告（代理）公司／职业介绍所／房地产中介／旅行社
an overseas aid agency海外援助机构
She was freed from prison through the agency of her doctor.在她的医生的推动下，她被释放出狱。
agent 代理人
Please contact our agent in Spain for further information.如需更多信息，请联系本公司在西班牙的代理。
a person who represents an actor, artist, or writer（演员、艺术家、作家等的）经纪人，代理人
a secret/foreign agent特工人员／外国间谍
原动力，动因；作用剂
a powerful cleaning agent 高效清洁剂
a raising agent for cakes蛋糕发酵剂
a clotting agent凝结剂
He was the agent of their destruction.是他导致了他们的毁灭。literary
attitude 态度 altitude 高度
It's often very difficult to change people's attitudes.人们对事情的看法通常很难改变。
She takes the attitude that children should be allowed to learn at their own pace.在儿童学习步调快慢的问题上，她的态度是应顺其自然。
He has a very bad attitude to/towards work.他的工作态度极差。
He seems to have undergone a change in/of attitude recently, and has become much more cooperative.他的态度近来好像转变了，变得合作多了。
That boy has a real attitude problem (= behaves in a way that makes it difficult for other people to have a relationship with him or work with him).那个孩子的态度很成问题。
She lay sprawled across the sofa, in an attitude of complete abandon.她四肢摊开躺在沙发上，一副完全无拘无束的样子。
He struck an attitude of offended dignity and marched out of the room.他摆出一副受了冒犯的高傲姿态，昂首阔步走出房间。
If you say that someone has attitude, you mean that they are very confident and want people to notice them. 自信
blank 空白；茫然的;木然的
a blank sheet of paper一张白纸
a blank computer screen空白的电脑屏幕
Sign your name in the blank space at the bottom of the form.在表格底部的空白处签名。
a blank stare/expression 茫然的凝视／木然的表情
blank incomprehension 茫然不解
a blank refusal/denial 彻底拒绝/否认
Fill in the blanks on this form.将这份表格填好。
The starting gun fires blanks.发令枪放的是空弹。
bulk 巨大的东西;大块，大团
He eased his large bulk out of the chair. 他缓缓地将他那庞大的身躯从椅子上挪开。
It was a document of surprising bulk.这是一份篇幅惊人的文件。
The office buys paper in bulk to keep down costs.办公室批量买进纸张以减少成本。
In fact, the bulk of the book is taken up with criticizing other works.事实上，这本书大部分篇幅都是在批评其他作品。
ceremony 典礼;仪式；礼节;礼仪;客套
a wedding/graduation ceremony结婚／毕业典礼
I handed her my letter of resignation without ceremony (= in an informal way).我毫不客气地向她递交了辞职书。
commerce 商业;商务;贸易;交易
the world of commerce and industry工商界
commercial 商业的;商务的;贸易的；（唱片、电影、书等）商业化的，以营利为目的的；（产品）商品化的；（广播或电视）商业性的，靠广告收入维持的；（电视或广播里的）商业广告
a commercial organization/venture/success商业组织／企业／成功
The commercial future of the company looks very promising.这家公司的商业前景看起来非常光明。
Don't forget this is a commercial enterprise - we're here to make money.
a commercial break 插播广告
confuse 使困惑，使糊涂;使混乱；将…混同，将…混淆
You're confusing him! Tell him slowly and one thing at a time.你把他搞糊涂了！慢慢跟他讲，一次说一件事。
Stop confusing the issue (= making the problem unnecessarily difficult)!别再把事情越搞越乱！
You're confusing me with my sister - she's the singer.你把我当成我姐姐了——她才是歌手。
It's easy to confuse his films, because he tends to use the same actors.他的影片很容易混淆，因为他老是用相同的演员。
copper 铜；红棕色，紫铜色
copper wire/pipes铜丝／管
a copper alloy铜合金
The copper of Rosie's hair shone in the sunlight.罗茜的头发在阳光下闪着红褐色。
I gave him a few coppers.我给了他几个铜板。
curse 诅咒，咒骂;骂人；骂人的话；说咒语，施魔咒；咒语，诅咒，魔咒；祸根，祸因；祸害；
We could hear him cursing and swearing as he tried to get the door open.我们听到他一边努力想把门打开一边骂骂咧咧。（赌咒发誓）
She was cursing her brother for losing her keys.她在骂弟弟，因为他弄丢了她的钥匙。
Things were going so badly - it was as if I'd been cursed.事情这么不顺利——我好像被施了魔咒。
In the story, a wicked witch puts a curse on the princess for a hundred years.故事中，一个邪恶的女巫给公主施了一百年才能破解的咒语。
Noise is the curse of modern city life. 噪音是困扰现代城市生活的因素。
the curse woman's period (= flow of blood each month)月经，例假
spell 咒语，符咒;魔法;着魔
The witch cast/put a spell on the prince and he turned into a frog.女巫对王子施了魔法，把他变成了青蛙。
A beautiful girl would have to kiss him to break (= stop) the spell.要想解除魔法，必须要有一个美丽的姑娘亲吻他。
Sleeping Beauty lay under the wicked fairy's spell until the prince woke her with a kiss.睡美人在邪恶仙子的符咒中倒下沉睡，直到王子吻了她一下才醒来。
be under sb's spell 被（某人）迷住，为（某人）着迷
