【语法专栏】考研二外英语语法14虚拟语气之省略if结构②


今日真题
_______ my closest friend, I would tell you the secret.
A. If you had been
B. Should you
C. Had you been
D. Were you
语法简介
在上一期的语法专栏中我们已经学习了虚拟语气的基本结构,相信大家对虚拟语气已经有了基本的掌握。
那么今天的语法专栏,将为大家讲解虚拟语气中比较特殊的结构:省略if 结构。
省略if结构:
在上期语法专栏中,我们能够了解到:在虚拟语气中,if引导的条件从句的谓语部分会出现should、had、were。如果出现了这种情况,我们可以省略if,把should、had、were提到主语前面,使从句成为省略if的部分倒装结构。
should提前:
Should she be my teacher, I would have to exert myself in the rest of this term.
(还原:If she should be my teacher, I would have to exert myself in the rest of this term.)
如果她成为了我的老师的话,可能这学期剩下的时间里我就得奋发图强了。
Should Shawn hold his party tomorrow, I would have to tell my mom I won’t get back home for dinner.
(还原:If Shawn should hold his party tomorrow, I would have to tell my mom I won’t get back home for dinner.)
如果肖恩明天就要举办他的派对的话,那我就只好跟妈妈说我不会回家吃晚饭了。
had提前:
Had I chosen the iChuXin’s lessons, I would have been a postgraduate.
(还原:If I had chosen the iChuXin’s lessons, I would have been a postgraduate.)
如果我当时选择了爱初心的课程的话,那会儿就考上研究生了。
Had you gone to school last night, you wouldn’t have missed the chance to meet Shawn.
(还原:If you had gone to school last night, you wouldn’t have missed the chance to meet Shawn.)
如果你昨晚去了学校的话就不会错失见到肖恩的机会了。
were提前:
Were he my boyfriend, I would have broken up with him.
(还原:If he were my boyfriend, I would have broken up with him.)
他要是我男朋友的话,我早就把他甩了。
Were I 50 years younger, I would go to gym with you.
(还原:If I were 50 years younger, I would go to gym with you.)
我要再年轻个五十岁,就和你一起去健身了。
解题思路
答案:D
题干翻译:如果你是我最好的朋友的话,那么我就会告诉你那个秘密。
解析:本题考察虚拟语气中的省略if结构。
首先,观察题干和选项。
题目主句中的谓语动词用到了would+动词原形的形式,而且选项都出现了had、should、were。所以可以直接判断出这句话使用了虚拟语气。接下来,我就需要判断时态。
其次,判断时态。
主句中的谓语动词用到了would+动词原形的形式, 那么这句话就只有可能是在对未来或现在做虚拟,所以我们可以直接排除对过去做虚拟的C选项had you been和A选项 If you had been。
最后,确定正确选项。
我们已经判断出了题目中的语境,要么对未来做虚拟,要么对现在做虚拟。
B选项:我们知道,should+动词原形可以在条件从句中表示对未来做虚拟。但是B选项把should提前后,我们发现句子缺少了谓语动词,应加上be动词即——“Should you be my closest friend ”,故排除。
D选项:动词过去式对现在做虚拟,符合题意。代入到题目中“如果你是我最好的朋友的话,我现在就把那个秘密告诉你”,可还原为“If you were my closest friend, I…”,故正确。
干扰选项
A、C选项对过去做虚拟,时态错误,故排除。
B选项 缺少成分,语法错误,故排除。
故答案为D选项。
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