22-23赛季女足欧冠技战术分析（二）

TACTICAL ANALYSIS

Throughout the season, UEFA’s technical observers picked out moments that were representative of wider themes at play in the competition. Here, from the group stage onwards, they analyse some of the key tactical talking points of the campaign

战术分析

整个赛季，欧足联的技术观察员挑选了一些时刻，这些时刻代表了比赛中更广泛的主题。在这里，从小组赛阶段开始，他们分析了一些关键的战术话题

 

GROUP STAGE

小组赛

Seeking common denominators among the 48 matches in the group stage, technical observers felt that teams were, in general, tactically astute, game plans were competently implemented, defences were well-structured and 1v1 skills continued to show steady improvement. This was true not only among regular starters but also bench players who, exploiting the fivesubstitute rule, are increasingly expected to make an impact

在小组赛的48场比赛中寻找共同点，技术观察员认为，总的来说，球队战术精明，比赛计划执行得当，防守结构良好，1v1技术继续显示出稳步的进步。不仅是首发球员，板凳球员也是如此，他们利用5人替补规则，越来越被期待发挥作用

 

HIGH PRESSING v LOW BLOCKS

高位压迫VS 低位拦截

 “Defending in the opposition half with high collective pressing made a clear impact,” the technical observers commented, “with many teams more courageous in holding high lines than in the previous season.” During the group stage, 23% of the 130 open-play goals resulted from moves of five passes or less, with multiple examples of regains near the opponents’ penalty area followed by one or two passes prior to the finishing touch. Arsenal, cited as a “high-level counter-pressing team”, scored three times after collective work had secured regains – two in the mid-third, one in the final third – during the 5-1 victory over the defending champions in Lyon, a result which sent shockwaves across the continent. “Lyon trusted their 1v1 abilities to the extent that they left spaces,” the technical observers remarked. After one point from two games, Sonia Bompastor rectified this facet, allowing her team to qualify via four successive clean sheets. High scores punctuated a group stage that yielded 177 goals, emphasising that teams, maybe dominant in their domestic leagues, require well-structured defensive strategies when they take on Europe’s elite. Top teams often struggled to pierce well-organised mid-to-low defensive blocks. Bayern München’s 2-1 home win against Rosengård was mentioned by technical observers as a case in point. Renée Slegers’ 1-4-5-1 set-up allowed the midfield to obstruct passing lines to the front and restricted Bayern’s opportunities to play between the lines. Although the hosts had 69% of possession and overall control, Slegers commented, “Our organisation in defence was very good. We closed down the spaces they wanted to get into and we didn’t over-commit.” Even though 39% of open-play goals were scored against structured low or mid blocks, the Swedish team highlighted the value of collective discipline and hard work when implementing defence in a compact low block.

技术观察员评论道：“在对方半场的防守中，集体高压的防守产生了明显的影响，许多球队比上赛季更有勇气守住高位。”在小组赛阶段，130个开放比赛进球中，有23%是由五次或更少的传球造成的，其中有多个例子是在对手禁区附近重新夺回球权，然后在最后一脚传球之前进行一到两次传球。阿森纳被称为“高水平的反逼抢球队”，在集体努力扳平比分后，在5-1战胜卫冕冠军里昂的比赛中，他们三次进球——两次在中场，一次在最后三分之一。 这一结果震惊了整个欧洲大陆。

“里昂相信他们的1v1能力，以至于他们留下了空间，”技术观察员评论道。在两场比赛只拿到一分后，索尼娅·邦帕斯特(Sonia Bompastor)纠正了这一点，让她的球队连续四场零封出线。在小组赛阶段打进了177个进球，这也强调了那些在国内联赛中占据统治地位的球队，在面对欧洲的精英球队时，需要良好的防守策略。顶级球队经常难以突破组织良好的中低位防守。技术观察员提到拜仁慕尼黑主场2-1战胜罗森加德就是一个很好的例子。雷内·斯莱格斯的1-4-5-1阵型让中场阻碍了前场的传球路线，限制了拜仁在两条线之间的进攻机会。尽管主队拥有69%的控球率和整体控制力，但斯莱格斯评价道：“我们的防守组织非常好。我们关闭了他们想要进入的空间，并且我们没有过度投入。”尽管 39% 的空战进球是在结构化的低位或中位防守中取得的，但瑞典队强调了在紧凑的低位防守时集体纪律和努力工作的价值。

 

TRANSITIONS TO ATTACK

进攻转换

 Being careful about over-committing when pushing forward emerged as a factor when lower-ranked teams took on elite opponents. The combination of high pressing and low defensive blocks sometimes left the attacking team short of space for penetration after high regains. During the group stage only 11% of open-play goals could be clearly attributed to classic counterattacks. Debutants Roma illustrated the point during the 3-0 win over Slavia Praha that clinched their place in the knockout rounds. Despite a 61% share of the ball, Alessandro Spugna’s side failed to make a breakthrough until they delivered a successful counterattack following a regain when defending their own penalty box – a facet of the game they would later try to exploit in the quarter-final against Barcelona. In some games, the observers remarked, it was evident that the stronger teams were intentionally beckoning their opponents forward to secure space for a fast counter

当排名较低的球队与精英对手较量时，在推进时小心过度投入就成为一个因素。高位逼抢和低位防守的结合有时会导致进攻方在高位抢断后缺乏突破空间。在小组赛阶段，只有 11% 的比赛进球可以明显归因于经典反击。首次亮相的罗马队在3-0战胜布拉格斯拉维亚队并锁定淘汰赛席位的比赛中就证明了这一点。尽管控球率为 61%，亚历山德罗·斯普尼亚的球队未能取得突破，直到他们在防守自己的禁区时重新反击后成功反击——这是他们后来在与巴塞罗那的四分之一决赛中试图利用的一个方面。观察家指出，在某些比赛中，很明显实力较强的球队故意向对手招手，以确保快速反击的空间

 

THE BATTLE OF THE GOAL KICK

进球之战

The desire to play out from the back was almost universal during a group stage when the goal kick evolved into a tactical issue. “It’s now a natural part of the analysis of opponents,” technical observer Martin Sjögren commented, “and you look for offensive and defensive opportunities. It’s mainly a risk v reward issue.” Defending champions Lyon provided a case study, initially setting themselves up in 1-4-1-4-1 formation at an Arsenal goal kick – which allowed the visitors to play out and win a free-kick in midfield. Next time round, the French team switched to a more aggressive 1-4-1-3-2 structure, looking to disrupt distribution by the centre-backs. The Arsenal goalkeeper opted to play long, with Lyon winning the aerial duel and picking up the second ball. The visitors then dropped Lia Wälti into an area alongside the centre-backs to create a 3v2 scenario with, later in the game, the full-backs dropping deeper to receive or to open a direct pathway to the wingers. As a result, Arsenal found solutions to break the home team’s high press on the goal kick

在小组赛阶段，当球门球演变成一个战术问题时，从后场进攻的愿望几乎是普遍的。 “现在它已成为分析对手的自然组成部分，”技术观察员马丁·舍格伦评论道，“你会寻找进攻和防守的机会。这主要是一个风险与回报的问题。”卫冕冠军里昂提供了一个案例研究，最初在阿森纳球门球时摆出 1-4-1-4-1 阵型，这使得客队能够在中场赢得任意球。下一轮，法国队改用更具侵略性的1-4-1-3-2阵型，试图扰乱中后卫的分配。阿森纳门将选择了长传，里昂赢得了空中对决并获得了二点球。随后，客队将利亚·瓦尔蒂放到中后卫旁边的区域，形成3v2的局面，在比赛后期，边后卫回撤更深以接球或为边锋打开直接通道。结果，阿森纳找到了打破主队对球门球高位逼抢的解决方案

 

THE DEAD BALL

死球

 During the group stage, 21% of goals stemmed from dead-ball situations – a low figure compared with other competitions. Success rates from set plays are the cue for perennial debate about trainingground time spent on this feature of the game. But the numerical significance was arguably less than the importance of set-play goals that broke a deadlock or struck a psychological blow. Roma, for example, controlled their crucial game against Slavia but needed two set plays (right-footed deliveries of a corner and a free-kick from the right) and a counterattack to secure a win. The first set-play goal came from an outswinging corner by Manuela Giugliano which found Beata Kollmats, who adjusted her posture perfectly to head into the bottom corner. Crucially, Elisa Bartoli dragged her marker away from the area where the ball was delivered. The final goal came when scorer Elena Linari positioned herself as if her role was to protect the edge of the box at a free-kick. She spotted a gap in the opponents’ set-up and moved to place Giugliano’s precise delivery into the bottom corner. Of equal significance in Lyon, the low, right-footed direct free-kick by Beth Mead on the stroke of half-time meant that the home team headed for the dressing-room with a 1-3 deficit rather than 1-2.

小组赛期间，21%的进球来自死球情况——与其他比赛相比这个数字较低。定位球的成功率是关于在比赛这一功能上花费的训练场时间的长期争论的线索。但其数字意义可能不如打破僵局或造成心理打击的定位球的重要性。例如，罗马在对阵斯拉维亚的关键比赛中控制了比赛，但需要两次定位球（右脚开出角球和右侧任意球）和一次反击才能确保胜利。

第一个定位球进球来自曼努埃拉·朱利亚诺的外旋角球，找到了贝塔·科尔马茨，后者完美地调整了姿势，头球攻入底角。至关重要的是，埃莉莎·巴托莉把盯人拖离了传球区域。最终进球来自于进球者埃琳娜·利纳里（Elena Linari）的定位，就好像她的角色是在任意球时保护禁区边缘。她发现了对手阵型中的空档，然后将朱利亚诺的精准传球送入底角。在里昂的比赛中，同样重要的是贝丝·米德在半场结束时的右脚低位直接任意球，这意味着主队以 1-3 落后而不是 1-2 的比分进入更衣室。