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【种花家务·代数】1-5-07分式的乘法『数理化自学丛书6677版』

2023-09-29 14:55 作者:山嵓  | 我要投稿

【阅前提示】本篇出自『数理化自学丛书6677版』,此版丛书是“数理化自学丛书编委会”于1963-1966年陆续出版,并于1977年正式再版的基础自学教材,本系列丛书共包含17本,层次大致相当于如今的初高中水平,其最大特点就是可用于“自学”。当然由于本书是大半个世纪前的教材,很多概念已经与如今迥异,因此不建议零基础学生直接拿来自学。不过这套丛书却很适合像我这样已接受过基础教育但却很不扎实的学酥重新自修以查漏补缺。另外,黑字是教材原文,彩字是我写的注解。

【山话嵓语】我在原有“自学丛书”系列17册的基础上又添加了1册八五人教中学甲种本《微积分初步》,原因有二:一则,我是双鱼座,有一定程度的偶双症,但“自学丛书”系列中代数4册、几何5册实在令我刺挠,因此就需要加入一本代数,使两边能够对偶平衡;二则,我认为《微积分初步》这本书对“准大学生”很重要,以我的惨痛教训为例,大一高数第一堂课,我是直接蒙圈,学了个寂寞。另外大学物理的前置条件是必须有基础微积分知识,因此我所读院校的大学物理课是推迟开课;而比较生猛的大学则是直接开课,然后在绪论课中猛灌基础高数(例如田光善舒幼生老师的力学课)。我选择在“自学丛书”17本的基础上添加这本《微积分初步》,就是希望小伙伴升大学前可以看看,不至于像我当年那样被高数打了个措手不及。

第五章分式 

§5-7分式的乘法

【01】分式的乘法,可以依照分数乘法的同样法则进行。

【02】分式的乘法法则:分式相乘,分子分母分别相乘。即%5Cfrac%20ab%5Ctimes%5Cfrac%20cd%3D%5Cfrac%7Bac%7D%7Bbd%7D  。

例1.计算:

%5Csmall%5Cbegin%7Baligned%7D%26(1)%5C%3B%5Cfrac%7B3a%5E2b%7D%7B5xy%5E2%7D%5Ctimes%5Cfrac%7B2ab%5E4c%7D%7B7xy%5E2z%5E3%7D%3B%5C%5C%26(2)%5C%3B%5Cfrac%7B2a%5E3b%5E2%7D%7B5cd%5E4%7D%5Ctimes%5Cfrac%7B3a%5E4c%5E2d%7D%7B4b%5E2%7D%3B%5C%5C%26(3)%5C%3B%5Cfrac%7B-7a%5E2b%7D%7B5cx%5E2%7D%5Ctimes%5Cleft(-%5Cfrac%7B20cx%5E2%7D%7B21a%5E2y%5E2%7D%5Cright)%5Ctimes%5Cleft(-%5Cfrac%7B6ay%5E5%7D%7B5b%5E2x%5E3%7D%5Cright).%5Cend%7Baligned%7D

【解】

(1)分子分母分别相乘,得

%5Csmall%5Cfrac%7B3a%5E2b%7D%7B5xy%5E2%7D%5Ctimes%5Cfrac%7B2ab%5E4c%7D%7B7xy%5E2z%5E3%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7B3a%5E2b%5Cboldsymbol%7B%5Ccdot%7D2ab%5E4c%7D%7B5xy%5E3%5Cboldsymbol%7B%5Ccdot%7D7xy%5E2z%5E3%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7B6a%5E3b%5E5c%7D%7B35x%5E2y%5E4z%5E3%7D.

(2)分子分母分别相乘后,因分子分母有公因式,约成最简分式,得

%5Csmall%5Cfrac%7B2a%5E3b%5E2%7D%7B5cd%5E4%7D%5Ctimes%5Cfrac%7B3a%5E4c%5E2d%7D%7B4b%5E2%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7B6a%5E7b%5E2c%5E2d%7D%7B20b%5E2cd%5E4%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7B3a%5E7c%7D%7B10d%5E3%7D.

(3)这里有三个负号,乘积有负号,放在分式前面,得

%5Csmall%5Cbegin%7Baligned%7D%0A%26%20-%5Cfrac%7B7a%5E%7B2%7Db%7D%7B5cx%5E%7B2%7D%7D%5Ctimes%5Cleft(-%5Cfrac%7B20cx%5E%7B2%7D%7D%7B21a%5E%7B2%7Dy%5E%7B2%7D%7D%5Cright)%5Ctimes%5Cleft(-%5Cfrac%7B6ay%5E%7B5%7D%7D%7B5b%5E%7B2%7Dx%5E%7B3%7D%7D%5Cright)%20%20%5C%5C%0A%26%3D-%5Cfrac%7B7a%5E2b%E2%80%A220cx%5E2%E2%80%A26ay%5E5%7D%7B5cx%5E2%E2%80%A221a%5E2y%5E2%E2%80%A25b%5E2x%5E3%7D%20%5C%5C%0A%26%3D-%5Cfrac%7B7%C2%B720%C2%B76a%5E3bcx%5E2y%5E5%7D%7B5%C2%B75%C2%B721a%5E%5Cmathbf%7B2%7Db%5E2cx%5E5y%5E%5Cmathbf%7B2%7D%7D%20%5C%5C%0A%26%3D-%5Cfrac%7B8ay%5E3%7D%7B5bx%5E3%7D.%0A%5Cend%7Baligned%7D

例2.计算:

%5Csmall%5Cbegin%7Baligned%7D%26(1)%5C%3B%5Cfrac%7Ba%5E2-b%5E2%7D%7Ba%5E2%2Bb%5E2%7D%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%7Ba%5E3%2Bb%5E3%7D%7Ba%5E3-b%5E3%7D%3B%5C%5C%26(2)%5C%3B%5Cfrac%7Bx%5E2-5x%2B6%7D%7Bx%5E2%2B8x%2B16%7D%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%7Bx%5E2%2B7x%2B12%7D%7Bx%5E2-8x%2B15%7D%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%7Bx%5E2-x-20%7D%7Bx%5E2%2Bx-6%7D%3B%5C%5C%26(3)%5C%3B(x%5E3-4)%C2%B7%5Cfrac%7Bx%5E3%2B8%7D%7Bx%5E3-8%7D%C2%B7%5Cfrac%7Bx%5E2%2B2x%2B4%7D%7Bx%5E2%2B4x%2B4%7D.%5Cend%7Baligned%7D

【解】

%5Csmall%5Cbegin%7Baligned%7D%0A(1)%5C%3B%26%5Cfrac%7Ba%5E2-b%5E2%7D%7Ba%5E2%2Bb%5E2%7D%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%7Ba%5E3%2Bb%5E3%7D%7Ba%5E3-b%5E3%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7B(a%5E2-b%5E2)(a%5E3%2Bb%5E3)%7D%7B(a%5E2%2Bb%5E2)(a%5E3-b%5E3)%7D%20%5C%5C%0A%26%3D%5Cfrac%7B(a%2Bb)%7D%7B(a%5E2%2Bb%5E2)%7D%5Cfrac%7B(a-b)(a%2Bb)%7D%7B(a-b)%7D%5Cfrac%7B(a%5E2-ab%2Bb%5E2)%7D%7B(a%5E2%2Bab%2Bb%5E2)%7D%20%5C%5C%0A%26%3D%5Cfrac%7B(a%2Bb)%5E2(a%5E2-ab%2Bb%5E2)%7D%7B(a%5E2%2Bb%5E2)(a%5E2%2Bab%2Bb%5E2)%7D.%20%0A%5Cend%7Baligned%7D

【注意】计算的结果,必须约成最简分式。

%5Csmall%5Cbegin%7Baligned%7D(2)%26%5C%3B%5Cfrac%7Bx%5E2-5x%2B6%7D%7Bx%5E2%2B8x%2B16%7D%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%7Bx%5E2%2B7x%2B12%7D%7Bx%5E2-8x%2B15%7D%C2%B7%5Cfrac%7Bx%5E2-x-20%7D%7Bx%5E2%2Bx-6%7D%5C%5C%26%3D%5Cfrac%7B%5Cleft(x-3%5Cright)%5Cleft(x-2%5Cright)%5Cleft(x%2B3%5Cright)%5Cleft(x%2B4%5Cright)%5Cleft(x-5%5Cright)%5Cleft(x%2B4%5Cright)%7D%7B%5Cleft(x%2B4%5Cright)%5E2%5Cleft(x-3%5Cright)%5Cleft(x-5%5Cright)%5Cleft(x%2B3%5Cright)%5Cleft(x-2%5Cright)%7D%5C%5C%26%3D%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B1%7D%3D1.%5Cend%7Baligned%7D

%5Csmall%5Cbegin%7Baligned%7D%0A(3)%5C%3B%26(x%5E2-4)%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%7Bx%5E3%2B8%7D%7Bx%5E3-8%7D%2C%5Cfrac%7Bx%5E2%2B2x%2B4%7D%7Bx%5E2%2B4x%2B4%7D%20%5C%5C%0A%26%3D%5Cfrac%7B%5Cleft(x%2B2%5Cright)%5Cleft(x-2%5Cright)%5Cleft(x%2B2%5Cright)%5Cleft(x%5E%7B2%7D-2x%2B4%5Cright)%5Cleft(x%5E%7B2%7D%2B2x%2B4%5Cright)%7D%7B%5Cleft(x-2%5Cright)%5Cleft(x%5E%7B2%7D%2B2x%2B4%5Cright)%5Cleft(x%2B2%5Cright)%5E%7B2%7D%7D%20%5C%5C%0A%26%3D%5Cfrac%7Bx%5E2-2x%2B4%7D1%3Dx%5E2-2x%2B4.%20%0A%5Cend%7Baligned%7D%0A

【注意】x²-4 就是%5Cscriptsize%5Cfrac%7Bx%5E2-4%7D%7B1%7D%20  。

例3.计算:

%5Csmall%5Cbegin%7Baligned%7D(1)%26%5Cfrac%7B(b%5E2-a%5E2)%5E2%7D%7B(a%2Bb)%5E2%7D%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%7Ba%5E2%2Bb%5E2%7D%7B(a-b)%5E2%7D%3B%5C%5C(2)%26%5Cfrac%7B(b%2Ba)%5E3%7D%7B(a%5E3-b%5E3)%5E2%7D%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%7Ba%5E2%2Bab%2Bb%5E2%7D%7Ba%5E2%2B2ab%2Bb%5E2%7D%C2%B7(b-a)%5E3.%5Cend%7Baligned%7D

【解】

%5Csmall%5Cbegin%7Baligned%7D%0A(1)%E2%88%B5%26(b%5E2-a%5E2)%5E2%3D%5Cbegin%7Bbmatrix%7D-(a%5E2-b%5E2)%5Cend%7Bbmatrix%7D%5E2%3D(a%5E2-b%5E2)%5E2%2C%20%5C%5C%0A%E2%88%B4%26%5Cfrac%7B(b%5E2-a%5E2)%5E2%7D%7B(a%2Bb)%5E2%7D%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%7Ba%5E2%2Bb%5E2%7D%7B(a-b)%5E2%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7B(a%5E2-b%5E2)%5E2(a%5E2%2Bb%5E2)%7D%7B(a%2Bb)%5E2(a-b)%5E2%7D%20%5C%5C%0A%26%5Cbegin%7Baligned%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7B%5Cleft%5B%5Cleft(a%2Bb%5Cright)%5Cleft(a-b%5Cright)%5Cright%5D%5E2%5Cleft(a%5E2%2Bb%5E2%5Cright)%7D%7B%5Cleft(a%2Bb%5Cright)%5E2%5Cleft(a-b%5Cright)%5E2%7D%5Cend%7Baligned%7D%20%5C%5C%0A%26%3D%5Cfrac%7B(a%2Bb)%5E2(a-b)%5E2(a%5E2%2Bb%5E2)%7D%7B(a%2Bb)%5E2(a-b)%5E2%7D%3Da%5E2%2Bb%5E2%3B%0A%5Cend%7Baligned%7D

%5Csmall%5Cbegin%7Baligned%7D%0A(2)%E2%88%B5%26(b-a)%5E3%3D%5B-(a-b)%5D%5E3%3D-(a-b)%5E3%2C%20%5C%5C%0A%E2%88%B4%26%5Cfrac%7B(b%2Ba)%5E3%7D%7B(a%5E3-b%5E3)%5E2%7D%C2%B7%5Cfrac%7Ba%5E2%2Bab%2Bb%5E2%7D%7Ba%5E2%2B2ab%2Bb%5E2%7D%C2%B7(b-a)%5E3%20%5C%5C%0A%26%3D%5Cfrac%7B(a%2Bb)%5E3%7D%7B%5Cleft%5B(a-b)%5Cleft(a%5E2%2Bab%2Bb%5E2%5Cright)%5Cright%5D%5E2%7D%20%C2%B7%5Cfrac%7Ba%5E2%2Bab%2Bb%5E2%7D%7B(a%2Bb)%5E2%7D%C2%B7%5Cfrac%7B%3D(a-b)%5E3%7D%7B1%7D%5C%5C%26%3D-%5Cfrac%7B(a%2Bb)%5E3(a%5E2%2Bab%2Bb%5E2)(a-b)%5E3%7D%7B(a-b)%5E2(a%5E2%2Bab%2Bb%5E2)%5E2(a%2Bb)%5E2%7D%5C%5C%26%3D-%5Cfrac%7B(a%2Bb)(a-b)%7D%7Ba%5E2%2Bab%2Bb%5E2%7D.%20%0A%5Cend%7Baligned%7D

【注】遇到这类题目,先把分子分母中的字母,按照同样的顺序排列,相乘后就容易发现应该怎样把它约简。

习题5-7(1)

计算:

%5Csmall%5Cbegin%7Baligned%7D%0A%261%E3%80%81%5Cfrac%7B3x%5E2y%7D%7B4z%5E2%7D%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%7B5z%7D%7B6xy%7D%5Ccdot%5Cleft(-%5Cfrac%7B12x%5E2%7D%7By%5E2%7D%5Cright).%20%5C%5C%0A%262%E3%80%81%5Cfrac%7B3ab%5E2%7D%7B2cx%5E2%7D%5Ccdot%5Cleft(-%5Cfrac%7B5by%5E2%7D%7B4ax%5E2%7D%5Cright)%5Cleft(-%5Cfrac%7B3cx%5E2%7D%7B2by%5E2%7D%5Cright).%5C%5C%0A%263%E3%80%81%5Cfrac%7Ba-b%7D%7Ba%5E%7B2%7D%2Bab%7D%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%7Ba%5E%7B4%7D%2Ba%5E%7B2%7Db%5E%7B2%7D%7D%7Ba%5E%7B2%7D-ab%7D.%20%5C%5C%0A%264%E3%80%81%5Cfrac%7Bx-5%7D%7Bx%2B3%7D%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%7Bx%5E2-9%7D%7Bx%5E2-25%7D.%5C%5C%0A%265%E3%80%81%5Cfrac%7Bx%5E%7B3%7D%2By%5E%7B3%7D%7D%7B(x-y)%5E%7B2%7D%7D%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%7Bx%5E%7B3%7D-y%5E%7B3%7D%7D%7B(x%2By)%5E%7B2%7D%7D.%20%5C%5C%0A%266%E3%80%81%5Cfrac%7Ba%5E%7B2%7Db%5E%7B2%7D%2B3ab%7D%7B4a%5E%7B2%7D-1%7D%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%7B2a%2B1%7D%7Bab%2B3%7D.%20%5C%5C%0A%267%E3%80%81%5Cfrac%7B16x%5E%7B2%7D-9a%5E%7B2%7D%7D%7Bx%5E%7B2%7D-4%7D%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%7Bx-2%7D%7B4x-3a%7D.%5C%5C%0A%268%E3%80%81%5Cfrac%7Ba(x-b)%7D%7Bbx%2Bab%7D%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%7Bb%5E%7B2%7Dx%2Bab%5E%7B2%7D%7D%7Ba%5E%7B2%7Dx-a%5E%7B3%7D%7D%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%7Bx%5E%7B2%7D-a%5E%7B2%7D%7D%7Bx%5E%7B2%7D-b%5E%7B2%7D%7D.%5C%5C%0A%269%E3%80%81%5Cfrac%7Bx%5E%7B2%7D-x-20%7D%7Bx%5E%7B2%7D%2B2x-8%7D%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%7Bx%5E%7B2%7D-x-2%7D%7Bx%5E%7B2%7D-25%7D%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%7Bx%5E%7B2%7D%2B5x%7D%7Bx%2B1%7D.%20%5C%5C%0A%2610%E3%80%81%5Cfrac%7Bx%5E2-8x-9%7D%7Bx%5E2%2B4x-5%7D%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%7Bx%5E2-1%7D%7Bx%5E2-17x%2B72%7D%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%7Bx%5E2-9x%2B8%7D%7Bx%5E2-25%7D.%20%5C%5C%0A%2611%E3%80%81%5Cfrac%7Bx%5E4-8x%7D%7Bx%5E2-4x-5%7D%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%7Bx%5E2%2B2x%2B1%7D%7Bx%5E2%2B2x%2B4%7D%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%7Bx-5%7D%7Bx%5E3-x%5E2-2x%7D.%20%5C%5C%0A%2612%E3%80%81%5Cfrac%7B(a-b)%5E2-c%5E2%7D%7B(a%2Bb)%5E2-c%5E2%7D%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%7Ba%5E2-(b%2Bc)%5E2%7D%7Ba%5E2-(b-c)%5E2%7D.%5C%5C%0A%2613%E3%80%81%5Cfrac%7Bx%5E2-(y-z)%5E2%7D%7By%5E2-(z-x)%5E2%7D%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%7Bx%5E2-(x-y)%5E2%7D%7B(y%2Bz)%5E2-x%5E2%7D.%5C%5C%0A%2614%E3%80%81%5Cfrac%7Bx%5E2-2xy%2By%5E2-z%5E2%7D%7Bx%5E2%2B2xy%2By%5E2-z%5E2%7D%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%7Bx%2By-z%7D%7Bx-y%2Bz%7D.%5C%5C%0A%2615%E3%80%81%5Cfrac%7Bx%5E3%2By%5E3%2B3xy(x%2By)%7D%7Bx%5E3-y%5E3-3xy(x-y)%7D%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%7Bx(x-2y)%2By%5E2%7D%7Bx(x%2B2y)%2By%5E2%7D.%5C%5C%0A%2616%E3%80%81(x%5E2%2B2xy%2By%5E2)%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%7Bx-y%7D%7Bx%5E3%2By%5E3%7D%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%7Bx%5E2-xy%2By%5E2%7D%7Bx%5E2-y%5E2%7D.%5C%5C%0A%2617%E3%80%81%5Cfrac%7Bx%5E2%2B2x-3%7D%7Bx%5E2-3x%2B2%7D%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%7Bx%5E2%2B5x-6%7D%7Bx%5E2%2Bx-6%7D%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%7Bx%5E2-4x%2B4%7D%7Bx%5E2%2B6x%7D%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%20x%7Bx-1%7D.%20%5C%5C%0A%2618%E3%80%81%5Cfrac%7Ba%2B2b%7D%7Ba%5E3%2Ba%5E2b%2Bab%5E2%2Bb%5E3%7D%C2%B7%5Cfrac%7Ba%5E3%2Ba%5E2b-ab%5E2-b%5E3%7D%7Ba%5E2-4b%5E2%7D%C2%B7%5Cfrac%7Ba-2b%7D%7Ba%5E4-b%5E4%7D.%5C%5C%0A%2619%E3%80%81%5Cfrac%7B(x%2By)%5E2%7D%7By%5E2-xy%7D%5Ccdotp%5Cleft%5B-%5Cfrac%7B(x-y)%5E2%7D%7By%5E2%2Bxy%7D%5Cright%5D.%5C%5C%0A%2620%E3%80%81%5Cfrac%7Bx%5E2-1%7D%7Bx%5E2%7D%5Ccdotp%5Cfrac%20x%7B1-x%7D.%5C%5C%0A%2621%E3%80%81%5Cfrac%7Ba%5E2-4a%2B3%7D%7B16-a%5E2%7D%5Ccdotp%5Cfrac%7Ba%5E2-3a-4%7D%7Ba%5E2-1%7D.%5C%5C%0A%2622%E3%80%81%5Cfrac%7Bx%5E2-2x-3%7D%7Bx%5E2%2B3x-10%7D%5Ccdotp%5Cfrac%7B9x-x%5E2-14%7D%7Bx%5E2-7x%2B12%7D.%5C%5C%0A%2623%E3%80%81%5Cfrac%7B(a-b)%5E3%7D%7B(a%2Bb)%5E3%7D%5Ccdotp%5Cfrac%7B(b%2Ba)%5E3%7D%7B(b-a)%5E3%7D.%5C%5C%0A%2624%E3%80%81%5Cfrac%7B(a%5E2-b%5E2)%5E2%7D%7Bb%5E6-a%5E6%7D%5Ccdotp%5Cfrac%7B(b%5E3%2Ba%5E6)%5E2%7D%7B(b%5E2-a%5E2)%5E3%7D.%0A%5Cend%7Baligned%7D

【答案】

%5Cscriptsize%5Cbegin%7Baligned%7D%0A%2617%E3%80%811%3B%5C%3B18%E3%80%81%5Cfrac1%7B(a%5E2%2Bb%5E2)%5E2%7D%3B%5C%3B19%E3%80%81%5Cfrac%7Bx%5E2-y%5E2%7D%7By%5E2%7D%3B%5C%3B20%E3%80%81-%5Cfrac%7Bx%2B1%7Dx%3B%5C%5C%0A%2621%E3%80%81-%5Cfrac%7Ba-3%7D%7Ba%2B4%7D%3B%5C%3B22%E3%80%81-%5Cfrac%7B(x%2B1)(x-7)%7D%7B(x%2B5)(x-4)%7D%3B%5C%3B23%E3%80%81-1%3B%5C%3B24%E3%80%81%5Cfrac%7Ba%5E2-ab%2Bb%5E2%7D%7B(a%5E3-b%5E3)(a-b)%7D.%0A%5Cend%7Baligned%7D

例4.计算:

%5Csmall%5Cbegin%7Baligned%7D%26(1)%5C%3B%5Cleft(a%2B%5Cfrac%7Bb%5E2%7Da%5Cright)%5Cleft(1-%5Cfrac%7Bb%5E2-a%5E2%7D%7Bb%5E2%2Ba%5E2%7D%5Cright)%3B%5C%5C%26(2)%5C%3B%5Cfrac2%7Ba%2B2b%7D%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%7Ba%5E2-b%5E2%7D%7Ba%5E2%2Bb%5E2%7D%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%7Ba%5E4-b%5E4%7D%7B(b-a)%5E2%7D-%5Cfrac%7Ba%5E2-b%5E2%7D%7B(a%2B2b)%5E2%7D%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%7B4b%5E2-a%5E2%7D%7Bb-a%7D.%5Cend%7Baligned%7D

【解】

%5Csmall%5Cbegin%7Baligned%7D(1)%26%5C%3B%5Cleft(a%2B%5Cfrac%7Bb%5E2%7Da%5Cright)%5Cleft(1-%5Cfrac%7Bb%5E2-a%5E2%7D%7Bb%5E2%2Ba%5E2%7D%5Cright)%5C%5C%26%3D%5Cfrac%7Ba%5E2%2Bb%5E2%7Da%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%7Bb%5E2%2Ba%5E2-(b%5E2-a%5E2)%7D%7Bb%5E2%2Ba%5E2%7D%5C%5C%26%3D%5Cfrac%7Ba%5E2%2Bb%5E2%7Da%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%7B2a%5E2%7D%7Ba%5E2%2Bb%5E2%7D%3D2a%3B%5Cend%7Baligned%7D

%5Csmall%5Cbegin%7Baligned%7D%0A(2)%5C%3B%26%5Cfrac2%7Ba%2B2b%7D%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%7Ba%5E2-b%5E2%7D%7Ba%5E2%2Bb%5E2%7D%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%7Ba%5E4-b%5E4%7D%7B(b-a)%5E2%7D-%5Cfrac%7Ba%5E2-b%5E2%7D%7B(a%2B2b)%5E2%7D%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%7B4b%5E2-a%5E2%7D%7Bb-a%7D%5C%5C%0A%26%3D%5Cfrac%7B2%5Cleft(a%2Bb%5Cright)%5Cleft(a-b%5Cright)%5Cleft(a%5E2%2Bb%5E2%5Cright)%5Cleft(a%2Bb%5Cright)%5Cleft(a-b%5Cright)%7D%7B%5Cleft(a%2B2b%5Cright)%5Cleft(a%5E2%2Bb%5E2%5Cright)%5Cleft(a-b%5Cright)%5E2%7D-%5Cfrac%7B%5Cleft(a%2Bb%5Cright)%5Cleft(a-b%5Cright)%5Cleft(2b%2Ba%5Cright)%5Cleft(2b-a%5Cright)%7D%7B%5Cleft(a%2B2b%5Cright)%5E2%5Cleft(b-a%5Cright)%7D%5C%5C%0A%26%5Cbegin%7Baligned%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7B2%5Cleft(a%2Bb%5Cright)%5E%7B2%7D%7D%7Ba%2B2b%7D-%5Cfrac%7B%5Cleft(a%2Bb%5Cright)%5Cleft(a-b%5Cright)%5Cleft(a%2B2b%5Cright)%5Cleft(a-2b%5Cright)%7D%7B%5Cleft(a%2B2b%5Cright)%5E%7B2%7D%5Cleft(a-b%5Cright)%7D%5Cend%7Baligned%7D%20%5C%5C%0A%26%3D%5Cfrac%7B2%5Cleft(a%2Bb%5Cright)%5E%7B%5Cmathbf%7B2%7D%7D%7D%7Ba%2B2b%7D-%5Cfrac%7B%5Cleft(a%2Bb%5Cright)%5Cleft(a-2b%5Cright)%7D%7Ba%2B2b%7D%20%5C%5C%0A%26%3D%5Cfrac%7B2%5Cleft(a%2Bb%5Cright)%5E%7B2%7D-%5Cleft(a%2Bb%5Cright)%5Cleft(a-2b%5Cright)%7D%7Ba%2B2b%7D%5C%5C%0A%26%3D%5Cfrac%7B2a%5E2%2B4ab%2B2b%5E2-(a%5E2-ab-2b%5E2)%7D%7Ba%2B2b%7D%20%5C%5C%0A%26%3D%5Cfrac%7B2a%5E2%2B4ab%2B2b%5E2-a%5E2%2Bab%2B2b%5E2%7D%7Ba%2B2b%7D%20%5C%5C%0A%26%3D%5Cfrac%7Ba%5E2%2B5ab%2B4b%5E2%7D%7Ba%2B2b%7D.%0A%5Cend%7Baligned%7D%0A

【说明】这是加减法与乘法的混合运算,仍按照以前讲的运算次序。

习题5-7(2)

计算:

%5Csmall%5Cbegin%7Baligned%7D%0A%261%E3%80%81%5Cleft(1-%5Cfrac%7B2b%7Da%2B%5Cfrac%7Bb%5E2%7D%7Ba%5E2%7D%5Cright)%5CBig(1%2B%5Cfrac%7Ba%2Bb%7D%7Ba-b%7D%5CBig).%5C%5C%0A%262%E3%80%81%5Cleft(x%2B%5Cfrac1x%5Cright)%5CBig(1-%5Cfrac1%7Bx%5E2%2B1%7D%5CBig).%5C%5C%0A%263%E3%80%81(x%5E2-1)%5CBig(%5Cfrac1%7Bx-1%7D-%5Cfrac1%7Bx%2B1%7D-1%5CBig).%5C%5C%0A%264%E3%80%81%5CBig(1%2B%5Cfrac%7B2ab%7D%7Ba%5E2%2Bb%5E2%7D%5CBig)%5CBig%5B1-%5Cfrac%7B2ab%7D%7B(a%2Bb)%5E2%7D%5CBig%5D.%5C%5C%0A%265%E3%80%81%5Cfrac%7Bx%5E%7B2%7D-4%7D%7Bx%5E%7B2%7D-5x%2B6%7D%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%7Bx%5E%7B2%7D-9%7D%7Bx%5E%7B2%7D%2B5x%2B6%7D-%5Cfrac%7Bx%5E%7B2%7D%2B9x%2B20%7D%7Bx%5E%7B2%7D-16%7D%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%7Bx%5E%7B2%7D-9x%2B20%7D%7Bx%5E%7B2%7D-25%7D.%20%5C%5C%0A%266%E3%80%81%5Cleft(1%2B%5Cfrac%20ax%2B%5Cfrac%7Ba%5E2%7D%7Bx%5E2%7D%5Cright)%5Cbiggl(1-%5Cfrac%20ax%5Cbiggr)%5Cbiggl(1-%5Cfrac%7Ba%5E3-2x%5E3%7D%7Ba%5E3-x%5E3%7D%5Cbiggr).%20%5C%5C%0A%26%207%E3%80%81%5Cleft(%5Cfrac%7B5a%7D%7Ba%2Bx%7D%2B%5Cfrac%7B5x%7D%7Ba-x%7D%2B%5Cfrac%7B10ax%7D%7Ba%5E2-x%5E2%7D%5Cright)%5CBig(%5Cfrac%7Ba%7D%7Ba%2Bx%7D%2B%5Cfrac%7Bx%7D%7Ba-x%7D%2B%5Cfrac%7B2ax%7D%7Bx%5E2-a%5E2%7D%5CBig).%20%20%5C%5C%0A%26%208%E3%80%81%5Cleft(%5Cfrac%7B2a%7D%7Ba%2B1%7D-%5Cfrac%7B2%7D%7B1-a%7D%2B%5Cfrac%7B4a%7D%7Ba%5E2-1%7D%5Cright)%5Cbiggl(%5Cfrac%7B2a%7D%7B1%2Ba%7D-%5Cfrac%7B2%7D%7B1-a%7D-%5Cfrac%7B4a%7D%7Ba%5E2-1%7D%5Cbiggr).%20%20%5C%5C%0A%269%E3%80%81%5Cleft(1%2B%5Cfrac%20y%7Bx-y%7D%5Cright)%5Cleft(y-%5Cfrac%7By%5E2%7D%7Bx%2By%7D%5Cright)-%5Cfrac%7Bx%5E4y%7D%7Bx%5E4-y%5E4%7D%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%7Bx%5E2%2By%5E2%7D%7Bx%5E2%7D.%20%5C%5C%0A%2610%E3%80%81%5Cleft%5B%5Cfrac%7Ba%5E%7B2%7D%7D%7Ba%5E%7B2%7D-b%5E%7B2%7D%7D-%5Cfrac%7Ba%5E%7B2%7Db%7D%7Ba%5E%7B2%7D%2Bb%5E%7B2%7D%7D%5Cbigg(%5Cfrac%7Ba%7D%7Bab%2Bb%5E%7B2%7D%7D%2B%5Cfrac%7Bb%7D%7Ba%5E%7B2%7D%2Bab%7D%5Cbigg)%5Cright%5D%5Ctimes%5Cfrac%7Ba-b%7D%7Bb%7D.%0A%5Cend%7Baligned%7D

【答案】

%5Cscriptsize%5Cbegin%7Baligned%7D%0A%261%E3%80%81%5Cfrac%7B2a-2b%7Da%3B%5C%3B2%E3%80%81x%3B%5C%3B3%E3%80%813-x%5E2%3B%5C%3B4%E3%80%811%3B%5C%3B5%E3%80%810%3B%5C%5C%0A%266%E3%80%81-1%3B%5C%3B7%E3%80%815%3B%5C%3B8%E3%80%814%3B%5C%3B9%E3%80%810%3B%5C%3B10%E3%80%81%5Cfrac%7Ba%7D%7Ba%2Bb%7D.%0A%5Cend%7Baligned%7D

【种花家务·代数】1-5-07分式的乘法『数理化自学丛书6677版』的评论 (共 条)

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