45病毒（长难句多）

2020-08-22经济学人该期封面文章

自然所带来的每一场灾难都将把人类的发展推向纵深，学会与病毒共处，会帮助我们更深刻地审视人类当下所处的境遇

生词不太影响理解意思，主要是一些专有名词和形容词

 Hence the silence of sabre-tooth tigers, the absence of moas from New Zealand and the long list of endangered megafauna不跟完整句子！他是个副词，不能接句子

良好的工作环境促进人的表现，and ？hence 生产力

老师推荐书目

https://baike.baidu.com/item/China%27s%20Megatrends/57710562?fr=aladdin

https://www.doc88.com/p-08373510440.html

一战死亡1千多万，18-20大流感2.5-4千万

far beyond

 pressing紧急需要马上被处理

The influence of viruses on life on Earth, though, goes far beyond the past and present tragedies of a single species, however pressing they seem.

绝不仅是死亡了个把物种的事儿

subset子集，集合

 Viruses are unimaginably varied and ubiquitous. 好多形容词时

病毒多种多样无处不在，这是我们难以想象的

Merciless=pitiless

heady

they also present a heady mix of threat and opportunity.

at its most dramatic（最高级）以最。。的方式

把病毒的复制说的很生动

They are parasites of the purest kind: they borrow everything from the host except the genetic code that makes them what they are.  They strip down life itself to the bare essentials of information and its replication.

 If the abundance of viruses is anything to go by, that is a very successful strategy indeed.

（老师说外网上）如果可以参考的话

翻：从病毒的庞大数量来看，他们的繁殖策略非常成功

病毒数量的庞大佐证了他们繁殖策略的成功

（前面说的一个，补充）“ package ”,所指的 “套餐” 一般包括在一段时间内可以使用的手机流量、通话时间以及短信数量。比如,“a 10gb data plan” 或者 “a 10gb data package”

set meal套餐；客饭

comprehensive insurance全险

 according to calculations on the back of a very big envelope,

手边有啥背面拿来算--粗略计算

二的四次方是十六。        The fourth power of 2 is16.

 powerhouses（【c.】） of ...的强大力量（组织或人）

高中生物必修二的收割理论

 Ecologically, this promotes diversity by scything down abundant species, thus making room for rarer ones. The more common an organism, the more likely it is that a local plague of viruses specialised to attack it will develop, and so keep it in check.（被约束）

 It so happens that such altruistic suicide is a prerequisite for cells to come together and form complex organisms凑巧，恰好  无私的

And even human brains may owe their development in part to the movement within them of virus-like elements that create genetic differences between neurons within a single organism.

大脑神经元的多样性归功于病毒的游走

 Evolution’s most enthralling insight is that breathtaking complexity can emerge from the sustained, implacable and nihilistic competition within and between organisms.

（删除形容词）在物种之间和之内的竞争造就了进化的多样性

！！The fact that the blind watchmaker造物主 has equipped you with the capacity to read and understand these words is in part a response to the actions of swarms of tiny, attacking replicators that have been going on, probably, since life fifirst emerged on Earth around 4bn years ago.

世界运行机制watch

你能看懂文字，这是造物主（比喻进化）对病毒的回应

 Humanity’s unique, virus-chiselled consciousness opens up new avenues to deal with the viral threat and to exploit it.病毒刀刻斧凿（也指男性棱角分明的长相）出人类的意识，人类用这意识来利用和对抗病毒

（查how made winds得知）Long time no see也是中式英语？又查了一下说是能用的

http://www.mnw.cn/news/ent/xx/2220335.html

高中生物选修三内容限制性内切酶

restriction enzymes—molecular scissors

 crispr

crisper-cas9技术高中经常考，曾经用在了辩论里面糊弄人

> From the smallest beginnings从最新入手（所以是小嘛）

中心句

In any case, the marvellous diversity of life rests on viruses which, as much as they are a source of death, are also a source of richness and of change. Marvellous, too, is the prospect of a world where viruses become a source of new understanding for humans—and kill fewer of them than ever before.

总之是一篇学术性美文