2023年上半年四六级汉译英练习：立夏

春季汉译英已经六个节气都有，现在是要进入夏季的节气了。

夏季的六个节气按照时间来是：

立夏 The Beginning of Summer / The Start of Summer

小满 Full Grain

芒种 Grow in Ear

夏至 Summer Solstice

小暑 Minor Heat

大暑 Major Heat

Directions: Translate the following passage into English.

        立夏，是二十四节气中的第7个节气，夏季的第一个节气。时至立夏，万物繁茂（1）。立夏虽然还不能表示气象学意义上（2）的夏天，但入立夏后，增加的日照、适宜的温度以及充沛的雨水给植物提供了所需的条件（3）。因此，立夏节气的开始也预示着万物进入了生长旺季（4）。 夏季蓬勃的生命力（5）也感染着古往今来的文人墨客，留下一首首属于夏日的赞歌。立夏时节，时逢“五一”假期，人间也充满着鼎沸的烟火之气。人们纷纷走向户外，尽情欣赏大地美景，各种文娱活动也是层出不穷，立夏的消费市场也和自然界一样，呈现一派勃勃生机。此外，人们还有斗蛋、吃立夏饭、称体重等一系列有趣的立夏习俗，用各种方式表达着祈求夏日平安健康的美好愿望。

翻译难点：

1- 万物繁茂：everything flourishes / all things flourish

    flourish v. 盛开，繁荣地发展

    盛世：heyday / flourishing age

2- 气象学意义上的：可以使用meteorologically（本句原文属于副词特征）或者in meteorological terms

3- 提供了条件：这句话如果直接写provide conditions for，体现不出本来的意义，属于存在隐藏性的含义性翻译，provide enough support for就行，提供了思想和干部条件则是provide ideological and human resources.

4- 旺季：是生长旺季还是旅游旺季，翻译出来的旺季有所不同。旅游旺季是travel high seasons，而生长旺季是a period of rapid growth, a season of thriver, a thriving season for all things.

5- 蓬勃的生命力：full vitality，full vigor

难句：夏季蓬勃的生命力（5）也感染着古往今来的文人墨客，留下一首首属于夏日的赞歌。

难处1：翻译：古往今来：of past and present times

难处2：文人墨客：great poets and writers

难处3：一首首如何表达：一首首其实就可以直接表达为：无数：numerous

难处5：被夏季的生命力感染用哪个词表达【感染】？这里表示被生命力吸引，这里建议使用fascinated。touch和move不太合适这里使用，impressed的表达多是被精彩的表现吸引，也不太合适于此。

难处4：夏日的赞歌，有些人会写成a carol of summer，这个词carol宗教色彩太浓重，不适于这里的表达，直接就可以表示成【创作出很多作品】have written down 或者 have created 即可。

这里可以用【如此……以至于】强调语言的表达特征，并且使用倒装句。

原句：

Great poets and writers of past and present times have been so fascinated by the vitality of summer that they have created numerous works hailing its vigor.

So impressed have great poets and writers of past and present times been by the full vitality of summer that they have created numerous works hailing its vigor. 

参考译文：

        As the seventh of the 24 Traditional Chinese solar terms, the Beginning of Summer is the first term for the summer season and a time when everything flourishes. Though it is still a bit far to be summer in meteorological terms just after the Beginning of Summer, increasing sunlight, moderate temperature and sufficient rainfall have all provided enough support for plants to thrive. Therefore, the Beginning of Summer also is telling a time when everything starts to grow rapidly. So fascinated have great poets and writes of past and present times been by the full vitality of summer that they have created numerous works hailing its vigor. A hustle-and-bustle life of the mass is also filling the Beginning of Summer. People are going sightseeing, revelling themselves in the fascination of the nature. Also, numerous entertainment and art events in various types and forms are going on for people to enjoy. Just as the vitality of the nature, consumer markets are also full of vigor during in the Beginning of Summer. In addition, people have a series of interesting traditions like playing egg fights, having the Beginning of Summer dinners and measuring weights, which are all the customs carrying their best wishes for a healthy and peaceful summer time.