2022年12月大学英语四级汉译英预测: 复兴号动车组
新一代标准动车组“复兴号”(CR Fuxing EMU, 下文可以简称为“Fuxing,复数”)是中国自主研发、具有完全知识产权的新一代高速列车,它集成了大量现代国产高新技术,是中国科技创新的重大成果。复兴号动车组经过严格且复杂的考核,确保了动车组对跨越南北超过40摄氏度温差的自然环境的适应性,并提升了动车组的耐久性。在外形上,复兴号的设计更加动感、更符合空气动力学,进一步降低了行驶过程中的噪音和阻力。在空间上,复兴号拥有更大的空间,座椅间距增加。舒适性上,复兴号的座椅设计更加人性化,大幅提高了乘客的乘坐体验。此外,复兴号动车组还装配了先进的智能监测系统,提高了列车的安全性能。
参考译文及解析要点
The next-generation CR Fuxing EMU, is the new-generation EMU with fully independent research and development, and fully independent intellectual property rights. Equipped with a large multiple of domestic-made high technologies, great breakthroughs are made on Fuxing in key technologies including traction, braking, network and other key technologies, marking one more milestone work of China's technological innovation. Tough and complicated tests have ensured Fuxing's full adaptation to temperature from southern to northern China regions ranging over 40℃ and its longer-term durability. Outside, Fuxing come with a smoother design fitting into aerodynamics and that further reduces air resistance and noise in-run. Inside, Fuxing serve passengers with a larger coach space with extended seat space. For comfort, Fuxing coaches are installed with human-friendly seats which greatly improve passengers’ travel pleasure. In addition, With the state-of-the-art smart monitoring systems, safety performance is largely improved on Fuxing.
【解析】:
1- 在翻译中,新一代可以是new-generation,广义上将next-generation可以理解成新一代。文章中把两个用法都使用了一次。
1.1 扩充知识:全新的:brand-new,totally-new。其中前者常见。
2- 中国特色词汇:自主创新战略:independent innovation strategies.
2.1 自主研发的……: … with fully-independent research and development
2.2 自主技术创新: independent technological innovation
2.3 自给自足: self-reliance on sth.
2.4 自主知识产权: independent intellectual property rights
2.5 具有完全自主产权的…… … with fully-independent intellectual property rights
3- 配备有,装备有,集成了……等,涉及到大型复杂工件的,往往都是安装到这一套整体系统上。这些高新技术都是安装在了列车上,常见的词汇有be fitted with, be installed with, be equipped with等。
4- 本文提到的技术technology,可以视作可数,也可以视作不可数。关于“大量”的表达如下:
4.1 可数(谓语均复数)
· a large number of + 复数
· many + 复数
· a large multiple of + 复数(体现数量大的多)
· a wide variety of + 复数(体现多种多样的多)
4.2 不可数
· a large quantity of + 单数,其作主语时谓语单数
· large quantities of + 单数,其作主语时谓语复数
· a large sum of + 单数,其作主语时谓语单数
4.3 均可
· a lot of / lots of,其做主话时谓语单数
5- 有关车辆类(包括火车)的一些领域词汇:
steering wheel 方向盘; engine 引擎
combustive vehicles 燃油汽车; new-energy vehicles 新能源汽车
coach 火车车厢; locomotive 火车头
steam-engine locomotive 蒸汽火车头
rail 铁轨 aerodynamics 空气动力学
air resistance 空气阻力 noise 噪音
vibration 振动 dynamic visual design 动感外形
cockpit system 航电系统 / 驾驶舱系统
monitoring system 监控系统
seat 座位 aisle seat 靠过道座椅
window seat 靠窗座椅 cater to (v.) 照顾到,服务于
with a seat configuration catering to 100 passengers for each coach 每节车厢有100个座位
first-class seat 一等座,飞机头等舱; economy-class seat 二等座,飞机经济舱
6- 温差,常用表达是temperature range,相比difference,“温差”这个词强调其跨度,并非真正的difference。南北地区其实就是华南华北,southern China regions,northern China regions。也可以使用动词结构,采用非谓语作定语。原句Temperature from northern to southern China regions ranges over 40℃,改为非谓语就是temperature from northern to southern China regions ranging over 40℃。
7- 关于“动感外形”的说法,最普遍的是dynamic design,这里后文涉及到了空气动力学aerodynamics,可以根据其风格特点想到,smooth肯定是更加符合空气动力学的外形特征,或者流线型设计(streamline design)
8- 有关人性化和以人为本的词汇,根据文章含义,涉及到与人类舒适相关的设计往往可以用human-friendly直接表达。以下是有关“人”的参考词汇和备注:
★ human-friendly: 人类友好的,以人为本的
以人舒适体验为取向的场景,工程设计理念等,比如场景配色,灯光氛围,座椅类,布局等。
★ ergonomic:符合人体工程学的
humanitarian:人道主义的
humanist: 人道主义者
humanity 人性
人道主义援助 humanitarian support / aid
人道主义灾害 humanitarian crisis
简析人道主义:关心人类福祉、尤其表现在对慈善活动和社会改革感兴趣等的思想取向,是一种社会思潮。
humanis 人文主义
简析人文主义:人文主义相比于人道主义,侧重文化育人。
human-centered:以人为本,可以与people-centered互换,people更侧重于社会中人的角色。
people-first:人民至上的。“People first, life first” 人民至上,生命至上
★ Wellness of the people is the solid foundation for the prosperity of the nation, and the duty of the nation is to ensure the wellness of its people.
民为为国之本,国以为民为本。
★ The nation is made of people, and its people are all that make the nation.
人民就是江山,江山就是人民。
9- “在空间上,复兴号拥有更大的空间,座椅间距增加。舒适性上,复兴号的座椅设计更加人性化,大幅提高了乘客的乘坐体验。”这些翻译的内容可以适量结合环境和其取向的目标:
解释如下:
在空间上,复兴号拥有更大的空间,座椅间距增加。
取向:乘客,逻辑:有更大的空间,也有增加间距的座椅。
隐藏的宾语:passengers。空间是指车厢空间,所以可以捎带提一下coach。
所以,Fuxing serve passengers with a larger coach space with extended seat distances.
同理,复兴号的座椅,可以换成复兴号“配备有”更加人性化设计的座椅,采用短语be installed with。