[33篇全] 医学英语词汇入门基础｜Medical Terminology｜医学
医学英语词汇（中文翻译版本）
1.基本组成元素
医学英文词汇来源于希腊语、拉丁语、人名命名、缩写、现代语言。
组成部分：前缀、词根、后缀、连接元音
连接元音使用规则：1用于后缀不是以元音开头的如arthr/o/pathy；2不能用于后缀以元音开头的如hepat/ic；3用于连接部分都是有元音如oste/o/arthr/itis；4不能用于连接前缀和词根之间如sub/hepat/ic
2.医学单复数变化
1vertebra---vertebrae
2diagnosis--diagnoses
3cervix--cervices、appendix--appedics、cortex--cortices
4criterion--criteria、ganglion--ganglia
5bacterium--bacteria
6bronchus--bronchi
7arthritis--arthritides
8phalanx--phalanges
9sarcoma--sarcomata
10thorax--thoraces
3.三十个常见前缀上
a-/an- not,without ex.acellular,anemia
ab- away from ex.abmoral
ad- toward,near ex.adrenal
anti- against,opposed to ex.antibody
aut-/auto- self,own ex.autoimmune
bi- twice,double ex.bipolar disorder
brady- slow ex.bradycardia
circum- around ex.circumduction
contra- against ex.contraindicate
dys- painful,difficult,bad,abnormal ex.dysfunction
ecto- outside ex.ectopic pregnancy
endo- within, inside ex.endocardium
epi- upon,on,above ex.epidermis
extra- outside ex.extracellular fluid
ex-/exo- out,outside of,outward ex.excision, exocrine glands
4.三十个常见前缀下
humeo- unchanging,the same,steady ex.homeostasis
hyper- extreme,beyond normal ex.hypertension
hypo- under,beneath,dificient ex.hypotension
infra- below,beneath ex.infraorbital
intra- within,inside ex.intracellular fluid
ipsi- same ex.ipsilateral
mal- bad,abnormal ex.malnutrition
ortho- straight,correct,normal ex.orthopedic
para- near.beyond,beside ex.parathyroid glands
peri- around ex.pericardium
retro- backwoard,behind ex.retroperitoneal
sub-below.under ex.subhepatic
supra- above,over ex.suprarenal glands
tachy- rapid ex.tachycardia
trans- across,through ex.transhepatic biopsy
5.三十个常见后缀上
6.三十个常见后缀下
7.三十个常见构词成分上
8.三十个常见构词成分中
9.三十个常见构词成分下
10.十五个名词上
11.十五个名词下
12.十五个缩写词
