多邻国世界语新版tips and notes Word Building 构词法篇(中英对照)

Formation of compound words
复合词的构成
The two or more parts of a compound word may be connected with a hyphen, if desired; they are usually written as a single word.
有些由两个或者两个以上的词组合而成的复合词可能会带有连字符。如果想把连字符省略掉的话,复合词通常都是以单一的单词形式拼写出来的。
Word formation in Esperanto by combination:
世界语的构词法:
Noun + Verb
动词+名词
voĉo + doni → “voĉdoni” (“to vote”, not “to give voice”)
Voĉo(声音) + doni (给)→ “voĉdoni” (投票,不是给个声音)
piedo + iri → “piediri” (“to walk”, “to go by foot”)
Piedo(脚) + iri (走)→ “piediri” (走路,用脚走)
kapo + jesi → “kapjesi” (“to consent by nodding the head”)
kapo(头) + jesi (同意)→ “kapjesi” (“点头同意”)
scii + volo → “scivolo” (“curiosity about something”) → “scivola”(“curious”)
scii(知道) + volo(想) → “scivolo” (“想知道”,“对某事感到好奇”) → “scivola”(“好奇的”)

Adjective + Noun
形容词+名词
bona + koro → “bonkoro” (not used) → “bonkora” (“good-hearted”, “kind”)
Bona(好的) + koro(心) → “bonkoro” (该词不使用) → “bonkora” (好心的,善良的)
bona + deziro → “bondeziro” (“a wish for someone’s happiness”)
bona(好的) + deziro (希望)→ “bondeziro” (“良好祝愿”)
rapida + vagonaro → “rapidvagonaro” (“high-speed train”)
rapida(快的) + vagonaro(列车) → “rapidvagonaro” (“快速火车”)
nova + jaro → “novjaro” (“New Year”)
nova(新的) + jaro(年) → “novjaro” (“新年”)

Noun + Noun
名词+名词
domo + pordo → “dompordo” (“door of house”, “entry”)
Domo(房子) + pordo(门) → “dompordo” (“房门”)
vino + botelo → “vinbotelo” (“wine bottle”)
vino(红酒) + botelo(瓶子) → “vinbotelo” (“红酒瓶”)
floro + poto → “florpoto” (“flowerpot”)
floro(花) + poto(盆) → “florpoto” (“花盆”)
poŝto + marko → “poŝtmarko” (“stamp”)
poŝto(邮件) + marko(标记) → “poŝtmarko” (“邮票”)
Note that combining an adjective with a noun or a verb with a noun yields a word with a new meaning.
注意:形容词和名词或者动词组合产生一个拥有新意思的复合词
Combining a noun with a noun yields a word that describes the relationship between the two nouns.
名词和名词组合产生的复合词则是用来描述这两个名词之间的关系。

Congratulations!
恭喜!
You've reached the final skill of Duolingo's Esperanto course! For ideas on how to continue using the language after finishing this course, please see:
你已经学完多邻国世界语课程了!为了让学完的你知道如何继续使用这门语言,请移步到:
Finished the Esperanto tree, now what?
学完了本世界语课程,之后要做些什么呢?:
forum.duolingo.com/comment/10334863
原文:www.duolingo.cn/skill/eo/Word-Building/tips-and-notes
翻译:vanilo