NASA·APOD每日天文一图2022.5.31 [超高清]

The launch of a rocket at sunrise can result in unusual but intriguing images that feature both the rocket and the Sun. Such was the case last month when a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket blasted off from NASA's Kennedy Space Center carrying 53 more Starlink satellites into low Earth orbit. In the featured launch picture, the rocket's exhaust plume glows beyond its projection onto the distant Sun, the rocket itself appears oddly jagged, and the Sun's lower edge shows peculiar drip-like ripples. The physical cause of all of these effects is pockets of relatively hot or rarefied air deflecting sunlight less strongly than pockets relatively cool or compressed air: refraction. Unaware of the Earthly show, active sunspot region 3014 -- on the upper left -- slowly crosses the Sun. 

日出时火箭的发射会产生不寻常但有趣的图像，以火箭和太阳为特征。上个月，一枚SpaceX Falcon 9火箭从美国宇航局肯尼迪航天中心升空，携带53颗以上的Starlink卫星进入近地轨道。在特写的发射图片中，火箭的排气羽流在投射到遥远的太阳上后发出辉光，火箭本身呈现出奇怪的锯齿状，太阳的下边缘显示出奇特的水滴状涟漪。所有这些影响的物理原因是相对较热或稀薄的空气袋对阳光的反射不如相对较冷或压缩空气袋对阳光的反射强：折射。在没有意识到地球上的这一现象的情况下，活跃的太阳黑子区域3014（左上角）慢慢地穿过太阳。