India’s election results

印度选举结果

Modi’s miracle

莫迪的奇迹

DELHI

印度、德里

The bjp’s remarkable victory is down to the prime minister, not the party

人民D取得的非凡胜利要归功于总理，而不是该D

词汇

Bjp/印度人民D(Bharatiya Janata Party);

AFTER A HARD-FOUGHT re-election campaign, an American president might thwack some balls down a fairway, or go shoot turkey with the boys. Narendra Modi is different. As India’s gruelling election marathon reached its seventh and final round of voting, leaving a break before the final tally on May 23rd, its prime minister headed instead to a hermit’s cave at the foot of a Himalayan glacier. Or rather, Mr Modi led a posse of cameramen to the scenic Kedarnath Temple, where they dutifully snapped him in a range of poses, from deep meditation cloaked in a saffron shawl, to striding purposefully against a backdrop of snow-capped peaks, sporting a grey woollen cassock and felt cap, a silken tiger print cast over his shoulder.

经过一场艰苦的竞选连任后，美国总统可能会再高尔夫球道上狠狠的来几球，或者和孩子们一起去打火鸡。纳伦德拉莫迪(Narendra Modi)则不同。随着印度紧张的马拉松式选举进入第七轮，也是最后一轮投票，在5月23日的最终计票前，印度总理转而前往喜马拉雅冰川脚下的一个隐士洞穴。或者说,莫迪带领一群摄影师来到景色圣地——Kedarnath庙,他们尽职尽责地拍下了他的一系列的动作,从身着藏红花色披肩深度冥想,到白雪皑皑的山峰的背景下有意大步行走,轻抚着（sporting有玩弄的意思，这里应该是一边走，一边盘捏着他的袈裟，细细思索的姿态）灰色羊毛袈裟,头戴毡帽,一条丝绸质地的虎印围绕着他的肩膀。

词汇

Thwack/打；重击

Grueling/折磨人的；繁重累人的；使人精疲力尽的

Hermit/（尤指宗教原因的）隐士，隐居者

Meditation/冥想；沉思，深思；静坐

Saffron/藏红花；橙黄色

Shawl/披巾，披肩

Stride/跨；跨过；大步行走

Cassock/袈裟，法衣；教士服

felt cap/毡帽

The image, half Olympian god and half kung-fu wizard, suits a man who appears to have pulled off a miracle. For such, in the permanent subtropical storm of Indian politics, is the rarity of two consecutive full parliamentary majorities. As The Economist went to press, the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) looked set to boost its share of votes from 31% in 2014 to 40%, and to increase its number of seats in the Lok Sabha, or lower house of parliament. With plenty of smaller regional parties as allies, Mr Modi will enjoy another walloping majority.

这幅半神半侠的形象很适合一个似乎创造了奇迹的人。因此，在印度政坛持久的亚热带风暴中，连续两次获得议会绝对多数席位实属罕见。在本期《经济学人》付印之际，印度人民D(BJP)似乎准备将其选票份额从2014年的31%提高到40%，并增加其在下议院的席位。由于有许多较小的地区性政D作为盟友，莫迪将再次获得压倒性的多数席位。

词汇

词汇

Wizard/男巫；术士

Subtropical/亚热带的

Consecutive/连贯的；连续不断的

Parliamentary/议会的；国会的；议会制度的

Walloping/极大的；极好的

There are many reasons why the BJP has again outplayed its rivals. At the top, however, is Mr Modi’s charisma. The relentless ubiquity of his face, in print, on screens and in streets, may be something that money and power can buy—and the BJP has plenty of both. What takes talent is to create a role as an ancient-yet-modern captain of an imaginary Team India, and then to play it out with unbounded conviction. In adopting an almost mythical persona, Mr Modi appears to rise heroically above his foes. He becomes a vessel for dreams, not only of national glory but also individual dignity. He involves his followers in a story that promises a happy ending.

人民D再次击败对手有很多原因。然而，最重要的是莫迪的魅力。无论是在报纸上，屏幕上，还是在大街上，他那无处不在的脸也许是金钱和权力都能买到的东西，而人民D两者兼备。需要天赋的是创造一个角色，作为一个古老而又现代的印度队首领，然后以无限的信念把它发挥出来。莫迪以近乎神话般的形象出现，似乎英勇地超越了他的对手。他成为梦想的容器，不仅是国家的荣耀，也是个人的尊严。他让他的追随者们参与一个故事，这个故事承诺一个美好的结局。

词汇

Ubiquity/普遍存在；到处存在

Dignity/尊严；高贵

 

 

But with his wagging finger and gravelly snarl, Mr Modi is also a vessel for anger. In speeches over recent weeks, one count showed he spent 53% of his time attacking opponents, a further 18% talking of national security, and only the remainder touting vikas, or development—the central theme of his 2014 campaign. In the town of Gondia in the state of Maharashtra in early April, he blasted critics for questioning his decision to strike at Pakistan, following an attack in February claimed by Pakistan-based militants. “People who sit in air-conditioned offices in New Delhi claim the nation has forgotten Balakot [the site of the attack]. Have we forgotten Balakot?” In Mysore, he declared that all terrorism in India was linked to Pakistan, but the rival Congress party kept talking about “Hindu” terror. Back in Maharashtra, he asked first-time voters to dedicate their ballots to Indian martyrs. “What can be more sacred than giving your vote to the nation?” he cried. “Exercise your choice, and decide who can serve the motherland.” Then, at a rally in Uttar Pradesh, he asked the crowd if it felt good when India hit Pakistan, or tested a new satellite-killing missile.

但伴着他摆动的手指和沙哑的咆哮，莫迪也是愤怒的载体。在最近几周的演讲中，一项统计显示，他把53%的时间花在攻击对手上，18%的时间花在谈论国家安全上，只有剩下的时间在宣传他2014年竞选的核心主题“维卡斯”(vikas)。4月初，在马哈拉施特拉邦贡迪亚镇，他猛烈抨击批评人士质疑他袭击巴基斯坦的决定。今年2月，巴基斯坦激进分子声称发动了袭击。“坐在新德里空调办公室里的人声称，印度已经忘记了巴拉科特(袭击现场)。我们忘记巴拉科特了吗?在迈索尔，他宣称印度所有的恐怖主义都与巴基斯坦有关，但对立的国大D一直在谈论“印度教”恐怖主义。回到马哈拉施特拉邦，他要求首次投票的选民把选票献给印度烈士。“有什么能比给这个国家投票更神圣呢?””他哭了。“行使你的选择权，决定谁能报效祖国。”然后，在北方邦的一次集会上，他问在场的人，————————————。

词汇

Snarl/咆哮，怒骂

Ballot/投票；投票用纸；投票总数

Martyr/烈士，殉道者；乞怜者；假圣人

Without Mr Modi, reckons Sanjay Kumar, director of CSDS/Lokniti, a Delhi think-tank, the BJP would probably have lost. Despite some successful social programmes, the Hindu nationalists’ five years in power have largely failed to live up to promises, and in fact caused widespread distress, particularly to minority groups. Polling data show that in the populous Hindi-speaking heartland, where the BJP recently lost three state assemblies to the rival Congress party, a high proportion of voters this time voted for the prime minister rather than his party.

德里智库CSDS/Lokniti主任Sanjay Kumar认为，如果没有莫迪，人民D很可能会失败。尽管一些社会项目取得了成功，但印度民族主义者执政的5年基本上未能兑现承诺，实际上造成了普遍的痛苦，尤其是对少数群体。民意调查数据显示，在人口稠密的讲印地语的中心地带，人民D最近在三个州的议会选举中输给了竞争对手国大D(Congress party)，这次有很高比例的选民把票投给了总理，而不是他所在的政D。

词汇

Reckon/测算，估计；认为；计算

 

Yet Mr Modi’s strutting, sneering nationalism remains only part of the story. His opponents aided their own defeat. As in 2014 they largely failed to form cross-party alliances, allowing the BJP to win numerous three-way races with a mere plurality of votes. Congress, the only national rival amid a sea of regional parties, vainly tried to chip away at Mr Modi’s image, and to present itself as equally Hindu, but failed to provide a compelling new narrative. Its leader, Rahul Gandhi, had in fact narrowed his popularity gap with Mr Modi from a dismaying 35 percentage points in May 2017 to just ten points a year later. But when the terror attack in February, followed by Mr Modi’s retaliatory strike, triggered a reflexive nationalist surge, the gap yawned again to 19%.

然而，莫迪趾高气扬、冷嘲热讽的民族主义仍只是原因的一部分。他的对手助长了他们自己的失败。与2014年一样，他们在很大程度上未能形成跨D派联盟，这使得人民D仅以多数选票就赢得了许多三方选举。在众多地区性政D中，国大D是唯一的全国性竞争对手，它徒劳地试图削弱莫迪的形象，把自己塑造成同样信奉印度教的人，但未能提供一个令人信服的新说法。该D领袖拉胡尔•甘地(Rahul Gandhi)实际上已经缩小了他与莫迪之间的支持率差距，从2017年5月令人沮丧的35个百分点缩小至一年后的区区10个百分点。但当今年2月的恐怖袭击，以及随后莫迪的报复性打击，引发了一场反射性的民族主义浪潮时，这一差距再次扩大至19%。

词汇

Strutting/昂首阔步的；肿胀的；自负的

Sneering/嘲笑的；轻蔑的

Dismaying/令人震惊的；令人惊恐的

Retaliatory/报复的

The perfectly timed clash with Pakistan was hardly the BJP’s only extra advantage. Indeed Shivam Vij, an astute media commentator, suggests that given his hand of jokers it is surprising that Mr Modi did not win 100%. Not only did the BJP wield immensely more money than rivals, it has a far better-greased party machine, backed up by the street power of hundreds of Hindu-nationalist voluntary groups. Madhya Pradesh, a state just captured by Congress five months earlier, nevertheless returned a huge BJP majority to parliament, largely because it mobilised enough voters to register a ten-point surge in turnout.

与巴基斯坦发生的这场时机恰到好处的冲突，并非人民D唯一的额外优势。的确，精明的媒体评论员希瓦姆•维吉(Shivam Vij)认为，考虑到他手中的王牌，莫迪没有赢得100%的选票令人惊讶。人民D不仅比竞争对手拥有更多的资金，而且拥有一个更加完善的政D机器，由数百个印度教民族主义志愿组织的街头权力支持。然而，5个月前刚刚被国大D占领的中央邦(Madhya Pradesh)，却让人民D获得了议会的绝大多数席位，这在很大程度上是因为它动员了足够多的选民，使投票率飙升了10个百分点。

词汇

Clash/冲突，不协调

Some of Mr Modi’s crucial support might not be described as voluntary. Conveniently, government statisticians tried to bury reports of a surge in unemployment before the vote. Just as helpfully, the Indian air force refrained from spoiling Mr Modi’s martial bombast, delaying the revelation that during February’s brief dust-up with Pakistan it had shot down one of its own helicopters. At a time of rising world oil prices, meanwhile, state-owned fuel distributors kept the cost of petrol for Indian consumers artificially low (not surprisingly, they are beginning to rise). Not least, the Election Commission of India, a powerful body with seven decades of accolades for fair and efficient management of the world’s most logistically daunting democratic exercise, has in recent months issued a long series of decisions that advantaged Mr Modi. But perhaps it is not surprising that the gods get all the luck.

莫迪的一些关键支持可能不是自愿的。为了方便起见，政府统计人员试图在投票前掩盖失业率飙升的报道。同样有益的是，印度空军没有破坏莫迪的军事夸夸其谈，推迟披露在2月份与巴基斯坦的短暂争吵中，印度击落了自己的一架直升机（哈哈哈，笑死我了:D）。与此同时，在全球油价不断上涨之际，国有燃料分销商人为压低了印度消费者的汽油成本(毫不奇怪，它们正开始上涨)。尤其重要的是，印度选举委员会(Election Commission of India)近几个月发布了一系列有利于莫迪的决定。这个强大的机构在过去70年里因公平、高效地管理世界上最令人生畏的MZ进程而受到赞誉。但也许并不奇怪的是，所有的运气都是诸神所赐。

词汇

Statistician/  统计学家，统计员

Bury/埋葬；隐藏

Refrain/节制，克制；避免；制止

Accolade/荣誉；荣誉称号授予仪式；