缅怀张培基先生|这些诗意盎然的译作，当永久铭记
6月29日上午，猛然看到《英语世界》的这则消息，久久不能平静：著名翻译家张培基先生已陷入长眠。
先生的著作是多少翻译学习者心头的明灯，其《英译中国现代散文选》中的译作，语言凝练地道，再现了原作的清新隽永，抑或是磅礴气势，将忠实、优雅、传神播撒在人间。
年轻时，先生还运用其所长，担任《自由西报》（英文）记者、《中国评论周报》（The China Critic）特约撰稿、《中国年鉴》（英文）副总编等职务。在之后的东京审判中，张培基先生在通过测试后，被录用为远东国际军事法庭的英文翻译，工作时长共计2年7个月。
斯人已逝，薪火相传，生生不息。今天，让我们通过回顾其部分经典译作，来深切缅怀张培基先生。
李大钊《艰难的国运与雄健的国民》
National Crisis vs Heroic Nation
历史的道路，历史的道路，不会是坦平的，有时走到艰难险阻的境界。这是全靠雄健的精神才能冲过去的。
The course of history is never smooth. It is sometimes beset with difficulties and obstacles and nothing short of a heroic spirit can help surmount them.
一条浩浩荡荡的长江大河，有时流到很宽阔的境界，平原无际，一泻万里。有时流到很逼狭的境界，两岸丛山迭岭，绝壁断崖，江河流于期间，回环曲折，极其险峻。民族生命的进展，其经历亦复如是。
A mighty long river sometimes flows through a broad section with plains lying boundless on either side, its waters rolling on non-stop for thousands upon thousands of miles. Sometimes it comes up against a narrow section flanked by high mountains and steep cliffs, winding through a course with many a perilous twist and turn. A nation, in the course of its development, fares likewise.
梁实秋《男人》
On Men
男人令人首先感到的印象是脏！当然，男人当中亦不乏刷洗干净洁身自好的，甚至还有油头粉面衣冠楚楚的，但大体讲来，男人消耗肥皂和水的数量要比较少些，某一男校，对于学生洗澡是强迫的，入浴签名，每周计核，对于不曾入浴的初步惩罚是宣布姓名，最后的断然处置是定期强迫入浴，并派员监视，然而日久玩生，签名簿中尚不无浮冒情事。
What strikes us first of all in men is their uncleanliness . There are of course no lack of men who always make a point of keeping the themselves spick-and-span. And some of them even make up heavily and dress respectably. But, generally speaking, men consume a smaller quantity of soap and water than women. A certain boys" school make it compulsory for its students to take a bath regularly. Every student had to sign his name before taking a bath so that the school authorities could conduct a weekly checkup. Those who violated the regulation for the first time would have their names published. The drastic measure for those who repeat the offence was to force them to take a bath regularly under surveillance. Nevertheless abuses crept in with time. Forgery was often discovered among the signatures.
对了！男人懒。他可以懒洋洋坐在旋倚上，五官四肢，连同他的脑筋(假如有)，一概停止活动，像呆鸟一般：“不闻夫博奔者乎……”那段话是专对男人说的。他若是上街买东西，很少时候能令他的妻子满意，他总是不肯多问几家，怕跑腿，怕费话，怕讲价钱。什么事他都嫌麻烦，除了指使别人替他做的事之外。他像残废人一样，对于什么事都愿坐享其成，而名之曰“室家之乐”。
Indeed, men are lazy. You will find them lolling in a revolving chair, dumb like a wooden chicken, their five sense organs, their four limbs as well as their brain (if any) all at a complete standstill. What Confucius says all about those who eat their fill all day without doing any work obviously refers to men exclusively. When men go shopping, their wives are seldom satisfied with their purchases because they never bother to shop around never bother to do more walking and talking, never bother to bargain over prices. They hate to be bothered about anything except that which is to be done on their behalf by others. Like disabled persons they will sit idle to enjoy the fruits of other"s labour. And they call all that "domestic bliss"!
茅盾《雾》
Fog
雾遮没了正对着后窗的一带山峰。
The mountain peaks directly facing the back window of my room were veiled in fog.
我还不知道这些山峰叫什么名儿。我来此的第一夜就看见那最高的一座山的顶巅像钻石装成的宝冕似的灯火。那时我的房里还没有电灯，每晚上在暗中默坐，凝望这半空的一片光明，使我记起了儿时所读的童话。实在的呢，这排列得很整齐的依稀分为三层的火球，衬着黑魆魆的山峰的背景，无论如何，是会引起非人间的缥缈的思想的。
The names of these mountain peaks are still unknown to me. The first night when I was there I had seen the top of the highest mountain shining with lights like a precious crown set with diamond. As there was no electric light in my room, all I could do in the evening was sit quietly in the dark and fix my eyes on the midair radiance, which reminded me of the fairy tales I had read in my childhood. Indeed, the orderly array of lights shining in three indistinct tiers one above another against a background of dark mountain peaks could conjure up, without fail, visions of the ethereal.
柯灵《巷》
The Lane
巷，是城市建筑艺术中一篇飘逸恬静的散文，一幅古雅冲淡的图画。
The lane, in terms of the art of urban architecture, is like a pieceof prose of gentle gracefulness or a painting of classic elegance andsimplicity.
这种巷，常在江南的小城市中，有如古代的少女，躲在僻静的深闺，轻易不肯抛头露面。你要在这种城市里住久了，和它真正成了莫逆，你才有机会看见她，接触到她优娴贞静的风度。它不是乡村的陋巷，湫隘破败，泥泞坎坷，杂草乱生，两旁还排列着错落的粪缸。它不是上海的里弄，鳞次栉比的人家，拥挤得喘不过气；小贩憧憧来往，黝暗的小门边，不时走出一些趿着拖鞋的女子，头发乱似临风飞舞的秋蓬，眼睛里网满红丝，脸上残留着不调和的隔夜脂粉，颓然地走到老虎灶上去提水。也不像北地的胡同，满目尘土，风起处刮着弥天的黄沙。
Often tucked away in a small town south of the Yangtse River, thelane, like a maiden of ancient times hidden away in a secluded boudoir, isreluctant to make its appearance in public. You’ll never have an opportunity tosee it and savour its gentle poise until you have become truly attached to thesmall town after living there for a long time. The lane has nothing in commonwith the mean rural alleys, which are narrow and low-lying, muddy and bumpy,overgrown with wild weeds and lined here and there with manure vats. Nor has itanything in common with linong (meaning alleys) in Shanghai, which areliterally packed with dwellings and their residents. Over there, you’ll seevendors hawking their wares here and there. From time to time, women are seenemerging from inside some dingy small gates and shuffling languidly in theirslippers towards a laohuzao, the shop specializing in selling boiled water,their hair disheveled like wind-blown withered grass in autumn, their eyesblood-shot, their faces betraying traces of overnight make-up. Nor has the laneanything in common with hutong (also meaning alleys) in north China, which aredusty on every side, especially when a wind rises.
此前，我还赏析过先生的两篇译作，分别是朱自清的《匆匆》和夏丏尊的《中年人的寂寞》，在b站搜索关键词即可。
先生千古，一路走好🕯️
