【神经科学101】35 发光的脑细胞·双光子钙成像与光遗传

words: Calcium channels, sc-resolution, optical genetics.

In vivo imaging Review by Yang

• scattering: behaviors-->head-fix, free
• two photon: large machine fixed

Ringach's two photon Ca imaging in Trachtenberg Lab

• spatial resolution vs. electric signals

Fluorescence def.

GCaMP (2001)

• GFP, CaM, M13 peptide

Two-photon

• more balanced energy for each photon until getting to excited state, less scatter, smaller focal volume (z-axis), better Ca signal

Ca imaging limitation

• not directly correlated to action potential

SLM @Rafael Yuste

• originally, laser scanning layers
• now, target multiple areas at the same time, special shape

Imprinting and Recalling cortical ensembles @Yuste

• photo-stimulation one group of cells on visual cortex: "functional ensemble"
• spontaneously reoccur
• >> one cell
• pattern completion

Go-nogo task

• also visual cortex

Conclusion

• From the neuron doctrine to neural network @Yuste
• neuron as unit? ensemble as unit?
• emergence property