拉丁成语辞典2法律篇摘抄

ius soli;

the law of the birthplace;

出生地决定儿童的国籍；见ius sanguinis；

 

ius summum saepe summa est malitia. (Terentius, Heaut. 795)

The highest lawfulness is often a terrible evil.

最高的法律经常是最大的不义。（如果极端刻薄地理解法律，它就成为最大的祸害。如果要求人们一字一句地完全符合法规，不能保持正义。）见Summum ius, summa iniuria；

 

ius suum cuique;

to each person their rights;

每一个人获得应有的；见suum cuique；

 

iustitia erga inferiores est verissima. (Caecilius Balbus, Sententiae 102)

Justice for the socially weak is true justice.

针对弱小者的争议才是真正的正义。

 

iustitia est constans et perpetua voluntas ius suum cuique tribuendi. (Dig. 1, 1, 10)

Justice is the constant and perptual will to attribute to each one his own rights.

正义是坚定地和长期地努力于分配给每一个人他应该获得的权利。见Suum cuique；

 

iustia est fundamentum regnorum.

Justice is the foundation of government.

正义是一切国度的基础。参见《箴言篇》Prov 25:5：Aufer impletatem de vultu regis, et firmabitur iustitia thronus eius. “从国王面前除掉不义，他的宝座因此鉴定。”

 

iustitia omnibus;

justice for all;

对于一切人的正义；

 

[iustitia] suum cuique tribuit, allenum non vindicat, utilitatem propriam neglegit ut communem aequitatem custodiat. (Cicero, De off. 1.24)

Justice attributes to each one what he deserves, does not claim things of others, neglects own profit in order to preserve equality in the community.

正义给每一个人他所应该获得的事物，不寻求别人的事物，忽略自己的利益为了确保公共的平等。

 

iustitiae oculus arbiter et vindex perpetuus vgilavit. (Ammianus Marcellinus 29.2.20)

The perpetual eye of justice kept watch, being a judge and vindicator.

正义的永恒眼睛注意到（人们的行为），它是裁判者和报复者。见Quia vigilavit iustitiae oculus；古希腊Menand, monost. 179有ἔστιν Δίκης ὀφθαλμός, ὅς τὰ πάνθ᾿ ὁρᾷ “正义之眼看到一切“；

 

latae sententiae;

an “automatic” sentence;

自科绝罚；（指犯罪一旦成立，犯人立即受法律约束；见公教法典1314条：于ferendae sententiae“待科绝罚”相对；“待科绝罚”还需要特殊的审判；）

 

Legem enim brevem esse oportet, quo facilius ab imperitis teneatur velut emissa divinitus vox sit: iubeat, non disputet. (Seneca, Ep. 94.38)

The law must be concise, so that simple people can remember it easier; it should be like a divinely sent voice; it should order and not debat.

法律应该是简短的，这样普通的人也能够更容易记住它。它应该是一种来自上面的声音，应该发出命令，不应该作谈论。

 

Leges ab omnibus intellegi debent. (Cod. Iust. 1,14,9)

The laws must be understood by every one.

一切人必须知道诸法律。

 

Legibus idcirco omnes servimus ut liberi esse possimus. (Cicero, Cluentes 53, 146)

We all keep the laws so that we can be free.

我们一切人遵守诸发条，这样我们能够保持自由。见Libertas in legibus；legibus solutus; Princeps legibus solutus. (Dig. 1,3,31)