路由与交换技术
路由器静态路由配置
一、 实验目的
1. 理解路由表
2. 掌握静态路由的配置
二、 应用环境
1. 在小规模环境里，静态路由是最佳的选择
2. 静态路由开销小，但不灵活，适用于相对稳定的网络
三、 实验设备
1. DCR-1751 三台
2. CR-V35FC 一条
3. CR-V35MT 一条
四、 实验拓扑
五、 实验要求
配置表
六、 实验步骤
第一步：添加相对应的模块:NM-4A/S参照实验三，按照上表配置所有接口的IP 地址，保证所有接口全部是up 状态，测试连通性。
Router-A配置：
Router>enable
Router#config
Configuring from terminal, memory, or network [terminal]? t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#hostname Router-A //设置路由器名称
Router-A(config)#interface f0/0
Router-A(config-if)#ip address 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.0
Router-A(config-if)#no shutdown
Router-A(config-if)#exit
Router-A(config)#interface s1/1
Router-A(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
Router-A(config-if)#no shutdown
Router-A(config-if)#clock rate 64000 //在DCE端设置时钟频率为64000
Router-A(config-if)#exit
Router-A(config)#exit
Router-A#write
Building configuration...
[OK]
Router-A#
Router-B配置：
Router>enable
Router#config t
Router(config)#hostname Router-B
Router-B(config)#interface s1/0
Router-B(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
Router-B(config-if)#no shutdown
Router-B(config-if)#exit
Router-B(config)#interface f0/0
Router-B(config-if)#ip ad 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
Router-B(config-if)#no shutdown
Router-B(config-if)#exit
Router-B(config)#exit
Router-B#write
Building configuration...
[OK]
Router-B#
Router-C配置：
Router>enable
Router#config t
Router(config)#hostname Router-C
Router-C(config)#interface f0/0
Router-C(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0
Router-C(config-if)#no shutdown
Router-C(config-if)#exit
Router-C(config)#interface f0/1
Router-C(config-if)#ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0
Router-C(config-if)#no shutdown
Router-C(config-if)#exit
Router-C(config)#exit
Router-C#write
Building configuration...
[OK]
Router-C#
第二步：查看ROUTER-A 的路由表
Router-A#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
C 192.168.0.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/1
Router-A#
第三步：查看ROUTER-B 的路由表
Router-B#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/0
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
Router-B#
第四步：查看ROUTER-C 的路由表
Router-C#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
Router-C#
第五步：在ROUTER-A 上PING 路由器C
Router-A#ping 192.168.2.2
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.2.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
..... //ping 不通
Success rate is 0 percent (0/5)
第六步：在路由器A 上配置静态路由
Router-A(config)#ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.2 //配置目标网段和下一跳
Router-A(config)#ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.2 //配置目标网段和下一跳
第七步：查看Router-A的路由表
Router-A#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
C 192.168.0.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/1
S 192.168.2.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.1.2 //注意静态路由的管理距离是1
S 192.168.3.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.1.2
Router-A#
第八步：配置路由器B 的静态路由并查看路由表
Router-B(config)#ip route 192.168.0.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1
Router-B(config)#ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.2
Router-B(config)#exit
Router-B#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
S 192.168.0.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.1.1
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/0
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
S 192.168.3.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.2.2
Router-B#
第九步：配置路由器C 的静态路由并查看路由表
Router-C(config)#ip route 192.168.0.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.1
Router-C(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.1
Router-C(config)#exit
Router-C#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
S 192.168.0.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.2.1
S 192.168.1.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.2.1
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
Router-C#
第十步：测试
//路由器A ping 路由器C要能通
Router-A#ping 192.168.3.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.3.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 47/59/63 ms
Router-A#
//路由器C ping 路由器A要能通
Router-C#ping 192.168.0.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.0.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 62/62/63 ms
Router-C#
最后用计算机PC1 ping PC2看结果是否能通？
