Lesson 4 An exciting trip
·单词
exciting adj. 令人兴奋的(引起别人兴奋，激动的)
·an exciting trip 一次令人激动的旅行
·exciting news 令人兴奋的消息
·excited 兴奋的，激动的（感到或表现出快乐和热情的）
·I was excited 我很兴奋
receive v. 接收，收到（客观上的收到）
·accpet v. 接受（主观上的想要）
·I received an invitation,but I didn't accept it. 我收到了邀请，但我没有接受它
firm n. 商行，公司
different adj. 不同的
·difference n. 差异，不同之处
centre（英）/center（美） n. 中心
·business centre 商务中心
·the city centre 城市中心
·in the centre of ... 在 某地点/位置 的中心
abroad adv. 在国外
·go to abroad 错
·live in abroad 错
·因为单词本身词性为副词，所以可以直接修饰动词，本身含有也有‘在’
·go/live/travel/study + abroad 去/居住/旅行/学习 在国外
·本课句型
现在完成时
·形式：have/has（三单） + done（v. 过去分词）
·用法：现在的之前，站在现在往前看
-Look!Somebody ____ the sofa. 看！有人已清理了沙发
-Well,it wasn't me.I didn't do it. 好吧，那人不是我，我没有清理沙发
·A. is cleaning B. was cleaning C. has cleaned D. had cleaned
·注意：因为第二句话使用的是过去式，且第一句话为看，也就是说明两人是在现在的时间进行对话，也就是从现在往前看，所以选C，现在完成时，而不是D，过去完成时
·用法1：现在全部完成
·He has finished the homework. 他已经完成了作业
·用法2：现在部分完成
·We have learned English for ten years. 我们已经学英语十年了
·现在进行时变否定疑问句
·He has finished the homework.
·He has not finished the homework. 否定句
·Has he finished the homework.? 一般疑问句
·What has he done? 特殊疑问句
同位语
·解释说明前面的名词，并且表示的是同一个人或同一间事
·I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim. my brother = Tim 我的哥哥，Tim（同一个人）
·He has just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice Springs, a small town in the centre ofAustralia. Alice Springs = a small town in the centre of Australia 爱丽丝泉，澳大利亚中部的一个小镇（同一个地方）
·课文
I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim. He is in Australia. He has been there for six months. Tim is an engineer. He is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different places in Australia. He has just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice Springs, a small town in the centre of Australia. He will soon visit Darwin. From there, he will fly to Perth. My brother has never been abroad before, so he is finding this trip very exciting.
have/has + just（刚刚）/already（已经）/ever（曾经）/never（从未） + done
for + 时间 持续了多长时间
for + 目的 为了...
a great/large number of Cpl.n 许多，大量（后面必须加可数名词的复数Cpl.n）
a great deal of u 许多，大量（后面必须加不可数名词u）
have gone to ... 去了（单程，还没回来）
have been to ... 去过（往返，去过又回来了）
spring n. 春天；泉水，泉；弹簧
·知识拓展
区分动词的过去式和过去分词：
原型 过去式 过去分词 动词ing
·visit visited visited
·buy bought bought
·ring rang rung
过去式（did） 过去分词（done）
1 一般过去时 1 完成时态
2 被动语态
3 非谓语动词
现在完成时常搭配：
·just（刚刚）/already（已经）/ever（曾经）/never（从未）
·yet（已经） 与already的区别是：already常用在肯定句当中，yet常用在疑问句和否定句当中强调已经，通常放在句尾
·so far（到目前为止）/up to now（到目前为止）/before（之前）/lately（最近）
·for + 一段时间
不规则变化动词：
原型 过去式 过去分词 动词ing
·find found found
