【文献速递】【Nchem】【2022年】【2-6月】
声明：本专栏主要对生命科学领域的一些期刊文章标题进行翻译，所有内容均由本人手工整理翻译。由于本人专业为生物分析相关，其他领域如果出现翻译错误请谅解。
使DNA编码的文库多样化
Discovering ligands that modulate the function of biomolecules can be achieved by using DNA-encoded libraries that link the function of a synthetic molecule to an amplifiable nucleic acid tag. Such technologies do not make full use of the principles of Darwinian selection, but now a team led by Nicolas Winssinger has developed a strategy to assemble libraries of macrocyclic-like structures (Dsuprabodies) that undergo iterative cycles of selection, amplification and diversification. The method was validated with selections against streptavidin and used to discover a potent and selective binder for the protein PD-L1. The cover image shows an artistic representation of a suprabody interacting with PD-L1.
发现调节生物分子功能的配体可以通过使用将合成分子的功能与可扩增的核酸标签联系起来的DNA编码文库来实现。这些技术没有充分利用达尔文选择的原则，但现在由Nicolas Winssinger领导的团队开发了一种策略来组装经历选择、放大和多样化迭代循环的类大环结构（Dsuprabodies）。该方法通过针对链霉亲和素的选择进行验证，并用于发现蛋白质PD-L1的有效和选择性结合剂。封面图片展示了超体与PD-L1相互作用的艺术表现。
1.A mating mechanism to generate diversity for the Darwinian selection of DNA-encoded synthetic molecules.
为DNA编码的合成分子的达尔文式选择产生多样性的交配机制。
2.Observation of robust energy transfer in the photosynthetic protein allophycocyanin using single-molecule pump–probe spectroscopy.
用单分子泵探针光谱法观察光合蛋白异花青中的强大能量传递。
3.Amino-oxetanes as amide isosteres by an alternative defluorosulfonylative coupling of sulfonyl fluorides.
氨基氧烷通过磺酰氟的另一种去氟磺化偶联作为酰胺类异物。
4.Cyanide as a primordial reductant enables a protometabolic reductive glyoxylate pathway.
氰化物作为原始还原剂实现了原生代谢还原糖醛酸的途径。
5.A chiral interlocking auxiliary strategy for the synthesis of mechanically planar chiral rotaxanes.
一种手性联锁辅助策略，用于合成机械平面手性罗丹。
6.Directing-group-free catalytic dicarbofunctionalization of unactivated alkenes.
未被激活的烯类的无指导基团的催化二重功能化。
7.Deciphering how naturally occurring sequence features impact the phase behaviours of disordered prion-like domains.
解读自然发生的序列特征如何影响无序的朊病毒样结构的相行为。
8.Continuous, autonomous subsurface cargo shuttling by nature-inspired meniscus-climbing systems.
自然启发的半月板爬行系统的连续、自主的表面下货物穿梭。
9.Arene radiofluorination enabled by photoredox-mediated halide interconversion.
光氧化剂介导的卤化物相互转化实现了烯的放射性氟化。
10.Release of linker histone from the nucleosome driven by polyelectrolyte competition with a disordered protein.
聚电解质与无序蛋白的竞争驱动核糖体中连接组蛋白的释放。
11.Ultrafast energy transfer between π-stacked aromatic rings upon inner-valence ionization.
内价电离时π型堆叠芳香环之间的超快能量转移。
电子转移的新扭曲
Understanding and controlling the rate at which electrons are transferred across solid–liquid interfaces is critical to developing efficient processes for the interconversion of electrical and chemical energy. Now, Bediako and colleagues have shown that the interfacial electrochemical kinetics of two stacked layers of graphene can be modified by varying the ‘twist’ angle between them, with the greatest enhancement observed near the ‘magic angle’ (~1.1°). The cover depicts an artistic representation of electron transfer from twisted bilayer graphene to Ru(NH3)6 3+ — the redox-active molecule used in these studies.
了解和控制电子在固-液界面上传输的速率对于开发电能和化学能相互转换的高效过程至关重要。现在，Bediako及其同事表明，可以通过改变它们之间的“扭曲”角来修改两层堆叠石墨烯的界面电化学动力学，在“魔角”(~1.1°) 附近观察到最大增强。封面描绘了电子从扭曲的双层石墨烯转移到Ru(NH3)6 3+（这些研究中使用的氧化还原活性分子）的艺术表现。
1.Tunable angle-dependent electrochemistry at twisted bilayer graphene with moiré flat bands.
扭曲的双层石墨烯的可调控角度依赖的电化学与摩尔平带。
2.Phase-separating peptides for direct cytosolic delivery and redox-activated release of macromolecular therapeutics.
相分离肽用于大分子治疗药物的直接细胞传递和氧化还原激活释放。
3.Tricyclic cell-penetrating peptides for efficient delivery of functional antibodies into cancer cells.
三环细胞穿透肽用于将功能性抗体有效送入癌细胞。
4.Towards high-performance sustainable polymers via isomerization-driven irreversible ring-opening polymerization of five-membered thionolactones.
通过异构化驱动的五元噻吩内酯的不可逆开环聚合实现高性能可持续聚合物。
5.Concurrent control over sequence and dispersity in multiblock copolymers.
多嵌段共聚物中序列和分散性的同时控制。
6.Engineering an efficient and enantioselective enzyme for the Morita–Baylis–Hillman reaction.
为Morita-Baylis-Hillman反应设计一种高效的对映选择性酶。
7.A photosensitizer–polyoxometalate dyad that enables the decoupling of light and dark reactions for delayed on-demand solar hydrogen production.
一种光敏剂-多氧金属酸盐的组合，使光和暗反应脱钩，用于延迟的按需太阳能制氢。
8.Stabilization of intermediate spin states in mixed-valent diiron dichalcogenide complexes.
混合价二铁二氯化物复合物中中间自旋态的稳定化。
9.Scalable and selective deuteration of (hetero)arenes.
可扩展的、有选择性的（杂）烯类的脱硫。
10.A terminal neptunium(V)–mono(oxo) complex.
终端镎（V）-单（氧）复合物。
11.An RNA-cleaving threose nucleic acid enzyme capable of single point mutation discrimination.
一种能够识别单点突变的RNA裂解苏糖核酸酶。
Two-dimensional layers of boron atoms have been grown on a variety of surfaces, typically noble metals. Borophene sheets can form different polymorphs with different properties, which is attractive for applications, but for practical use larger flakes with weaker metal–substrate interactions are required. Now, Rongting Wu, Sohrab Ismail-Beigi, Ivan Božović and co-workers have synthesized micrometre-scale single-crystalline borophene on a square-lattice Cu(100) surface. The cover image depicts a continuous transition from the experimental scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) topography, to the simulated STM image, to the atomic model of this borophene polymorph that adopts a rectangular unit cell.
硼原子的二维层已经生长在各种表面上，通常是贵金属。硼烯片可以形成具有不同性质的不同多晶型物，这对应用很有吸引力，但对于实际应用来说，需要更大的薄片和更弱的金属-基材相互作用。现在，Rongting Wu、Sohrab Ismail-Beigi、Ivan Božović及其同事在方晶格Cu(100)表面上合成了微米级单晶硼烯。封面图片描绘了从实验扫描隧道显微镜(STM)形貌到模拟STM图像，再到采用矩形晶胞的这种硼烯多晶型物的原子模型的连续过渡。
1.Micrometre-scale single-crystalline borophene on a square-lattice Cu(100) surface.
方格Cu(100)表面上的微米级单晶硼烯。
2.Direct conversion of white phosphorus to versatile phosphorus transfer reagents via oxidative onioation.
白磷通过氧化反应直接转化为多功能的磷转移试剂。
3.A 9.2-GHz clock transition in a Lu(II) molecular spin qubit arising from a 3,467-MHz hyperfine interaction.
Lu(II)分子自旋量子轨道中由3,467-MHz超正弦相互作用产生的9.2-GHz时钟转换。
4.Reversible C–C bond formation using palladium catalysis.
利用钯的催化作用形成可逆的C-C键。
5.Charge-density reduction promotes ribozyme activity in RNA–peptide coacervates via RNA fluidization and magnesium partitioning.
电荷密度降低通过RNA流化和镁分配促进RNA-肽共存物中核酸酶的活性。
6.Fast CO2 hydration kinetics impair heterogeneous but improve enzymatic CO2 reduction catalysis.
快速的二氧化碳水化动力学损害了异质性但改善了酶法二氧化碳还原催化。
7.Catalytic remote hydrohalogenation of internal alkenes.
催化内部烯类的远程氢卤化。
8.Self-assembly of polyoxometalate clusters into two-dimensional clusterphene structures featuring hexagonal pores.
多氧金属簇的自组装成具有六方孔的二维簇芬结构。
9.Quantum–classical simulations of rhodopsin reveal excited-state population splitting and its effects on quantum efficiency.
荧光素的量子经典模拟揭示了激发态群体分裂及其对量子效率的影响。
10.Total synthesis of nine longiborneol sesquiterpenoids using a functionalized camphor strategy.
采用功能化樟脑策略全合成九种长角鲨烯类化合物。
11.Multilayer stacks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
多环芳烃的多层堆叠。
12.Stereodefined alkenes with a fluoro-chloro terminus as a uniquely enabling compound class.
带有氟-氯末端的立体定义的烯类是一个独特的使能化合物类别。
Photocatalysis is often limited by the molecular integrity of the photocatalyst and although instability can be managed by replacing the inactive photocatalyst with a new one, repairing the damaged system can be a more cost-effective strategy. Now, Rau, Dietzek-Ivanšić and colleagues have shown that a hydrogen-evolving photocatalyst that contains photoactive and catalytic components connected by an aromatic bridging ligand can be repaired. The bridge is inactivated through hydrogenation, which inhibits intramolecular electron transfer and prevents the system functioning as a photocatalyst. The inactivated bridge can be repaired by reoxidation, however, which restores the photocatalytic function. The cover depicts the photocatalyst working as desired on the left and undergoing bridge repairs on the right.
光催化通常受到光催化剂分子完整性的限制，虽然可以通过用新的光催化剂替换非活性光催化剂来控制不稳定性，但修复受损系统可能是一种更具成本效益的策略。现在，Rau、Dietzek-Ivanšić及其同事表明，可以修复一种放氢光催化剂，该催化剂包含通过芳香桥接配体连接的光活性和催化成分。该桥通过氢化作用失活，从而抑制分子内电子转移并阻止系统发挥光催化剂的作用。然而，失活的桥可以通过再氧化进行修复，从而恢复光催化功能。封面左侧描绘了光催化剂按预期工作，右侧描绘了正在进行桥梁修复的情况。
1.Active repair of a dinuclear photocatalyst for visible-light-driven hydrogen production.
二核光催化剂的活性修复，用于可见光驱动的氢气生产。
2.Porous covalent organic nanotubes and their assembly in loops and toroids.
多孔共价有机纳米管及其在环形和环形中的组装。
3.Frequency chasing of individual megadalton ions in an Orbitrap analyser improves precision of analysis in single-molecule mass spectrometry.
在Orbitrap分析仪中对单个兆质子的追频提高了单分子质谱分析的精度。
4.Atomic control of active-site ensembles in ordered alloys to enhance hydrogenation selectivity.
原子控制有序合金中的活性位点组合以提高氢化的选择性。
5.Insights from an information thermodynamics analysis of a synthetic molecular motor.
合成分子马达的信息热力学分析的启示。
6.Mapping partial wave dynamics in scattering resonances by rotational de-excitation collisions.
通过旋转去激发碰撞绘制散射共振中的部分波动力学图。
7.Fermi-phase-induced interference in the reaction between Cl and vibrationally excited CH3D.
Cl和振动激发的CH3D反应中的费米相诱导干扰。
8.Cobalt(II)–tetraphenylporphyrin-catalysed carbene transfer from acceptor–acceptor iodonium ylides via N-enolate–carbene radicals.
钴(II)-四苯基卟啉催化的受体-受体碘化物通过N-烯醇-碳烯自由基的碳烯转移。
9.Single-particle combinatorial multiplexed liposome fusion mediated by DNA.
由DNA介导的单颗粒组合式多路脂质体融合。
a，目标脂质体与PLL-PEG（聚（L-赖氨酸）-g-聚（乙二醇））钝化表面的典型显微照片。 不同的强度源自脂质体的多分散尺寸分布。 卡通表示说明了在单粒子水平上监测的随机融合事件，可用于使用TIRF显微镜和自动数据分析以随机和多路复用的方式检测数千个单独的DNA可编程脂质体融合事件。t代表目标脂质体。货物脂质体的内腔数字代表不同的货物群体。t-1、t-2、...代表融合的随机序列，导致不同的产品脂质体。比例尺，10µm。b，目标脂质体，每个载有六个LiNA序列（红色，标记为A-F），被固定在表面上。自由扩散的货物脂质体，每个都用六种互补的LiNA（蓝色，A'-F'）中的一种功能化，用最多三种类型的荧光标记脂质的不同比例进行条形码标记。这导致6个不同的条形码表示为相对RGB比率，它们很容易扩展到10个不同的条形码和多达11个互补的LiNA序列对（参见补充图 5 和 6）。
10.Stereocontrolled 1,3-nitrogen migration to access chiral α-amino acids.
立体控制的1,3-氮迁移以获得手性α-氨基酸。
11.Cold photo-carving of halogen-bonded co-crystals of a dye and a volatile co-former using visible light.
利用可见光对染料和挥发性共成型物的卤素键合晶体进行冷光雕刻。
Stability issues currently prevent the practical application of nickel-rich layered oxides as cathodes in next-generation lithium batteries. Now, Kang, Park and colleagues have studied the solid-state synthesis of LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 (NCM622) using multiscale in situ techniques and show that kinetic competition between precursor decomposition and lithiation leads to spatially heterogeneous intermediates and the formation of detrimental defects. The image on the cover depicts the heterogeneous intermediates captured during the synthesis of NCM622 from a precursor mixture of transition-metal hydroxides and lithium hydroxides. The lithium atoms are shown as blue spheres, transition-metal atoms (Ni, Co and Mn) as brown spheres, and hydrogen and oxygen atoms are white and red, respectively.
目前，稳定性问题阻碍了富镍层状氧化物作为阴极在下一代锂电池中的实际应用。现在，Kang、Park 及其同事使用多尺度原位技术研究了LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 (NCM622)的固态合成，并表明前体分解和锂化之间的动力学竞争导致空间异质中间体和有害物质的形成缺陷。封面图片描绘了在从过渡金属氢氧化物和氢氧化锂的前体混合物合成NCM622过程中捕获的非均相中间体。锂原子显示为蓝色球体，过渡金属原子（Ni、Co 和 Mn）显示为棕色球体，氢原子和氧原子分别显示为白色和红色。
1.In situ multiscale probing of the synthesis of a Ni-rich layered oxide cathode reveals reaction heterogeneity driven by competing kinetic pathways.
对富含镍的层状氧化物阴极合成的原位多尺度探测揭示了由竞争的动力学途径驱动的反应异质性。
2.Environmental conditions drive self-organization of reaction pathways in a prebiotic reaction network.
环境条件驱动了前生物反应网络中反应途径的自我组织。
3.Low-valent tungsten redox catalysis enables controlled isomerization and carbonylative functionalization of alkenes.
低价钨的氧化还原催化作用使烯烃的异构化和羰基化得到控制。
4.E- and Z-trisubstituted macrocyclic alkenes for natural product synthesis and skeletal editing.
E-和Z-三取代的大环烯用于天然产品合成和骨架编辑。
5.Parallel transmission in a synthetic nerve.
合成神经中的平行传输。
6.Anisotropic dynamics of resonant scattering between a pair of cold aligned diatoms.
一对冷排列的硅藻之间的共振散射的各向异性动力学。
7.Glory scattering in deeply inelastic molecular collisions.
深度非弹性分子碰撞中的光辉散射。
8.Photogearing as a concept for translation of precise motions at the nanoscale.
作为纳米级精确运动转换概念的光齿轮。
9.Serial crystallography captures dynamic control of sequential electron and proton transfer events in a flavoenzyme.
串行晶体学捕捉到一个黄酶中电子和质子连续转移事件的动态控制。
10.Halogen-bond-assisted radical activation of glycosyl donors enables mild and stereoconvergent 1,2-cis-glycosylation.
卤素键辅助的糖基供体的自由基活化使1,2-顺式糖基化变得温和和立体逆转。
11.Fabrication of devices featuring covalently linked MoS2–graphene heterostructures.
以共价连接的MoS2-石墨烯异质结构为特征装置的制造。
12.Global analysis of biosynthetic gene clusters reveals conserved and unique natural products in entomopathogenic nematode-symbiotic bacteria.
生物合成基因簇的全球分析揭示了昆虫病原线虫-共生细菌中保守和独特的天然产物。
