《经济学人》双语：纽约市限制 Airbnb的使用？

原文标题：
Blocked bookings
New York City is restricting Airbnb
It won’t do much to bring down housing costs
预订受阻
纽约市限制 Airbnb的使用
这对降低住房成本作用不大

[Paragraph 1]
“IT’S MY HOUSE,” says Gia Sharp, a host on Airbnb, a rental platform. “I’ve worked really hard to buy it. So the thought that someone else can tell me what I can do with my house is a little crazy.”
租房平台 Airbnb 的房东吉亚·夏普说道：“这是我的房子，我辛辛苦苦才买下来，所以当别人告诉我要如何处理我的房子，我难以接受。”

But a law which went into effect on September 5th caused Ms Sharp’s Brooklyn listing, and thousands more, to disappear from Airbnb and other short-term rental platforms.
但是，一项法令于9月5日生效，这导致夏普女士的布鲁克林房源以及其他数千个房源从 Airbnb 和其他短租平台上消失。

[Paragraph 2]
“It took a long time for New York City to get its hands around Airbnb,” says Sean Hennessey, of New York University’s Jonathan Tisch Centre of Hospitality.
“纽约花了很长时间才对Airbnb出台限制措施。”纽约大学乔纳森蒂施酒店中心的肖恩·亨尼西说道。

Years after many cities (including Boston, Paris, San Francisco and Sydney) began implementing laws limiting rental days and slapping fines on violators, the Big Apple is following suit.
许多城市（包括波士顿、巴黎、旧金山和悉尼）实施了限制租赁天数并对违规者处以罚款的法律，多年后纽约也采取了同样的措施。

A new municipal law requires hosts of short-term rentals of less than 30 days to register with New York City.
纽约市新法律要求租期少于 30 天的短租房东必须进行登记。

[Paragraph 3]
The city also requires that hosts be present during the stay and guests must have full access to the entire home.
纽约还要求在房客住宿期间房东必须在家，并且规定房客要有整套房屋的完整使用权。

Lisa Grossman, a former short-term-rental host in Hell’s Kitchen, a Manhattan neighbourhood, calls the new law a “roommate set-up”, where neither the guest nor the host has privacy.
丽莎·格罗斯曼曾是曼哈顿地狱厨房社区的短租房东，她称新法令是一种 "室友设置"，房客和房东都没有隐私。

“There’s no way I’m letting somebody into my home,” she says. “I walk around in my underwear.”
她说："我不可能让别人住我家，因为我穿着内衣到处走"。

[Paragraph 4]
Hosts say the rules are stringent (Paris’s regulations stretch to 120-day rentals) and the registration process onerous.
房东们称纽约的新规非常苛刻（巴黎的规定可以延长至120天的租期），而且注册流程繁琐。

According to Skift, a travel news site, only 3,800 (roughly 16% of previously active listings) have applied as of September 4th and only 290 have been approved.
据旅游新闻网站 Skift的报道，截至9月4日，只有 3,800 个房东（约占之前活跃房源的 16%）提出了申请，但只有290人获得了批准。

Some are worried they will lose their homes without the added income from short-term renters.
一些房东担心若没有短租客的额外收入，他们也将失去房子所有权。

[Paragraph 5]
Airbnb, which filed an unsuccessful legal challenge, calls the law a “de facto ban”.
Airbnb 曾提起过法律异议但失败了，它称这项法律是“事实上的禁令”。

It says New York City’s new rules are an outlier and a contrast with the approach in places like San Diego and Seattle.
它称纽约市的新规定很奇葩，与圣地亚哥和西雅图等地的做法形成了对比。

Airbnb has weathered restrictions before. New regulations removed 10,000 listings from Amsterdam in 2021. After new rules were enforced in 2021, Sydney lost 6,000 listings. Tokyo saw 14,000 listings removed starting in 2018.
Airbnb 之前已经历过限制。2021 年的规定使它删除了阿姆斯特丹1万个房源。2021年的规定实施后，悉尼减少了6,000个房源。从 2018 年开始，东京有 1.4万个房源信息被删除。

Around 80% of its top 200 markets by revenues globally have some sort of regulation in place, the firm says.
Airbnb 称，在全球收入排名前 200 的市场中，大约80%都实施了某种形式的监管。

[Paragraph 6]
The law’s proponents say it will stamp out illegal rentals, which contribute to the city’s shortage of affordable housing.
该法律的支持者称，它将根除非法出租，因为非法出租造成了城市经济适用房的短缺。

Murray Cox of Inside Airbnb, an Airbnb watchdog, argues that short-term lets are “potentially displacing the people that used to live there. Sometimes people were evicted.”
监察机构 Inside Airbnb 的默里·考克斯认为，短期出租“可能使原来住在那里的人流离失所。有时人们被迫搬离。”

Others argue that they make neighbourhoods worse. Vijay Dandapani, of the Hotel Association of New York City (which has an interest in squishing Airbnb), said “I live in a condo. I can tell you I don’t want people coming in at 1am.”
其他人认为，这会让社区变得更糟。纽约市酒店协会（该协会有意打压Airbnb）的维贾伊·丹达帕尼表示：“我住在公寓里，我可不希望有人凌晨1点入住时吵吵闹闹。”

[Paragraph 7]
Yet Airbnb may not be the neighbourhood killer some claim.
然而，Airbnb可能并非一些人所声称的社区杀手。

Culling Airbnb has not stopped rent increases in the cities that have done it so far.
迄今为止，限制Airbnb并未能阻止城市租金的上涨。

AirDNA, a data firm not affiliated with Airbnb, suspects the relationship between growth in supply of short-term rentals and housing prices is overstated.
AirDNA 是一家与Airbnb无利益关联的数据公司，它怀疑短期租赁供应增长与房价之间的关系被夸大了。

New York will have to look for other ways to fix its housing problems.
纽约将不得不寻找其他方法来解决其住房问题。

（恭喜读完，本篇英语词汇量568左右）
原文出自：2023年9月9日《The Economist》United States版块

精读笔记来源于：自由英语之路

本文翻译整理: Irene

本文编辑校对: Irene
仅供个人英语学习交流使用。

【补充资料】（来自于网络）
Airbnb是一家总部位于美国的在线住宿预订平台，于2008年成立。它通过允许个人房东将自己的空闲房间、公寓或房屋出租给旅客来提供住宿服务。使用Airbnb，旅客可以浏览并预订全球范围内的各种类型的住宿，包括整套公寓、独立房间和特色住宿等。平台在191个国家、65,000个城市为旅行者们提供数以百万计的入住选择，不管是公寓、别墅、城堡还是树屋。2011年，Airbnb服务令人难以置信地增长了800%。

地狱厨房（Hell's Kitchen），正式行政区名为克林顿（Clinton），又俗称为西中城（Midtown West），是美国纽约市曼哈顿岛西岸的一个地区，大体上是南北以59街与34街为界、东临第八大道、西抵哈德逊河的一个长方形区域。地狱厨房早年是曼哈顿岛上一个著名的贫民窟，主要由爱尔兰裔移民的劳工阶层聚居，以杂乱落后的居住品质、严重的族群冲突与高犯罪率而闻名。

【重点句子】（3个）
Hosts say the rules are stringent and the registration process onerous.
房东们称纽约的新规非常苛刻，而且注册流程繁琐。

The law’s proponents say it will stamp out illegal rentals, which contribute to the city’s shortage of affordable housing.
该法律的支持者称，它将根除非法出租，因为非法出租造成了城市经济适用房的短缺。

Culling Airbnb has not stopped rent increases in the cities that have done it so far.
迄今为止，限制Airbnb并未能阻止城市租金的上涨。