中英考研MBA：阅读出题点之因果关系处篇

[摘要]对于考研英语备考者来说，要想取得好成绩，掌握一些必要的应试技巧非常重要。因此，中英考研小编整理了“考研英语：阅读出题点之因果处篇”，希望对大家有所帮助。

因果报应

原因句通常是作者分析或得出结论的地方。英语句式有前因有后因，考生一定要搞清楚是谁造成了谁。为了测试考生的阅读能力和逻辑分析能力，考生常常将包含因果关系的内容颠倒，使“因”变成“果”，因此考生要注意区分实际的因果关系，防止混淆。说明原因的词有：

 

(1)原因because、because of、so、for、since、as、result from、originate from、derive from; base、basis、reason,、above all、after all等。

 

【试题回放2007-Text2】

 

① The defining term of intelligence in humans still seems to be the IQ score, even though IQ tests are not given as often as they used to be. ② The test comes primarily in two forms: the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale and the Wechsler Intelligence Scales (both come in adult and children's version)。 ③ Generally costing several hundred dollars, they are usually given only by psychologists, although variations of them populate bookstores and the World Wide Web. ④ Superhigh scores like vos Savant's are no longer possible, because scoring is now based on a statistical population distribution among age peers, rather than simply dividing the mental age by the chronological age and multiplying by 100. ⑤ Other standardized tests, such as the Scholastic Assessment Test (SAT) and the Graduate Record Exam (GRE)， capture the main aspects of IQ tests.

 

28. People nowadays can no longer achieve IQ scores as high as vos Savant's because

 

[A] the scores are obtained through different computational procedures.

 

[B] creativity rather than analytical skills is emphasized now.

 

[C] vos Savant's case is an extreme one that will not repeat.

 

[D] the defining characteristic of IQ tests has changed.

 

(2)结果：thus, therefore, consequently, in consequence, as a result; lead to, attribute to, result, consequence, result in, cause等。

 

【试题回放1997-Text3】

 

We live in a society in which the medicinal and social use of substances (drugs) is pervasive: an aspirin to quiet a headache, some wine to be sociable, coffee to get going in the morning, a cigarette for the nerves. When do these socially acceptable and apparently constructive uses of a substance become misuses? First of all, most substances taken in excess will produce negative effects such as poisoning or intense perceptual distortions.

 

Repeated use of a substance can also lead to physical addiction or substance dependence. Dependence is marked first by an increased tolerance, with more and more of the substance required to produce the desired effect, and then by the appearance of unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the substance is discontinued.

 

61. Physical dependence on certain substances results from ________.

 

[A] uncontrolled consumption of them over long periods of time

 

[B] exclusive use of them for social purposes

 

[C] quantitative application of them to the treatment of diseases

 

[D] careless employment of them for unpleasant symptoms

 

(3)有时候文章中虽然没有出现表示因果关系的标志性词语，但是句与句在逻辑关系上也存在着因果关系，这个时候考生就需要自己进行仔细判断和推理。

 

【试题回放2001-Text2】

 

There are technological reasons to hope the digital divide will narrow. As the Internet becomes more and more commercialized, it is in the interest of business to universalize access — after all, the more people online, the more potential customers there are. More and more Governments, afraid their countries will be left behind, want to spread Internet access. Within the next decade or two, one to two billion people on the planet will be netted together. As a result, I now believe the digital divide will narrow rather than widen in the years ahead. And that is very good news because the Internet may well be the most powerful tool for combating world poverty that we've ever had.

 

56. Governments attach importance to the Internet because it ________.

 

[A] offers economic potentials

 

[B] can bring foreign funds

 

[C] can soon wipe out world poverty

 

[D] connects people all over the world