四福音书解读:路加福音作者
路加福音
作者与背景
作者名字没出现
姊妹篇《使徒行传》:作者曾是保罗的同工
《使徒行传》16:10,“我们”
一般认为,保罗所亲爱的医生(西4:4)及同工(门24)路加
医学词汇及对治病事件的关注(路4:32 4:38 5:12 5:26 8:43),对犹太名词的解释,都显示出作者
路加,意为“高贵”,新约作者中唯一的“外邦人”,按照教会传统,安提阿人
罗马有三所医学院:大数、亚历山大、雅典
路加可能是在大数认识保罗,在保罗带领下归信,成为同工
保罗布道,信耶稣的希腊人增加,写作适合希腊人看的福音书
保罗三次旅行布道后在耶路撒冷被捕,在该撒利亚关押两年
教会传说:提阿非罗是该撒利亚的律师,路加出版的赞助者
许多人撰写耶稣生平
路加根据传道人亲见的见证,详细考察,编写成书
许多独特的资料,如1-2章中的四首诗,(1:46-55 67-79 2:13-14 28-32),四首诗歌其他福音书没有,可能是采访马利亚所得
46 Καὶ εἶπεν Μαριάμ, Μεγαλύνει ἡ ψυχή μου τὸν κύριον,
1:46 马利亚说、我心尊主为大、
1:46 And Mary said: "My soul glorifies the Lord
Καὶ = and 而
εἶπεν = she said 她说
Μαριάμ = Mariam 马利亚
Μεγαλύνει = it glorifies 它尊……为大
ἡ ψυχή = the soul 那心
μου = my 我的
τὸν κύριον = the Lord 那主
47 καὶ ἠγαλλίασεν τὸ πνεῦμά μου ἐπὶ τῷ θεῷ τῷ σωτῆρί μου,
1:47 我灵以 神我的救主为乐。
1:47 and my spirit rejoices in God my Savior,
καὶ = and 而
ἠγαλλίασεν = it rejoiced 它喜乐
τὸ πνεῦμά = the spirit 那灵
μου = my 我的
ἐπὶ τῷ θεῷ = upon the God 在于神
τῷ σωτῆρί = upon the savior 在于那救主
μου = my 我的
48 ὅτι ἐπέβλεψεν ἐπὶ τὴν ταπείνωσιν τῆς δούλης αὐτοῦ. ἰδοὺ γὰρ ἀπὸ τοῦ νῦν μακαριοῦσίν με πᾶσαι αἱ γενεαί:
1:48 因为他顾念他使女的卑微.从今以后、万代要称我有福。
1:48 for he has been mindful of the humble state of his servant. From now on all generations will call me blessed,
ὅτι = for 因为
ἐπέβλεψεν = he looked upon 他顾念
ἐπὶ τὴν ταπείνωσιν = upon the humble state 在那谦卑
τῆς δούλης = of the slave-girl 那使女的
αὐτοῦ = his 他的
ἰδοὺ = behold 看那
γὰρ = for 因为
ἀπὸ τοῦ νῦν = from the now 从现在开始
μακαριοῦσίν = they will bless 他们将祝福
με = me 我
πᾶσαι αἱ γενεαί = all the generations 万代
49 ὅτι ἐποίησέν μοι μεγάλα ὁ δυνατός, καὶ ἅγιον τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ,
1:49 那有权能的为我成就了大事.他的名为圣。
1:49 for the Mighty One has done great things for me--holy is his name.
ὅτι = that 那
ἐποίησέν = he made 他做了
μοι = to me 给我
μεγάλα = big 大的
ὁ δυνατός = the powerful one 那有权能的
καὶ = and 和
ἅγιον = holy 圣的
τὸ ὄνομα = the name 那名
αὐτοῦ = his 他的
50 καὶ τὸ ἔλεος αὐτοῦ εἰς γενεὰς καὶ γενεὰς τοῖς φοβουμένοις αὐτόν.
1:50 他怜悯敬畏他的人、直到世世代代。
1:50 His mercy extends to those who fear him, from generation to generation.
καὶ = and 而
τὸ ἔλεος = the mercy 那怜悯
αὐτοῦ = his 他的
εἰς γενεὰς = into generations 到世代
καὶ = and 和
γενεὰς = generations 世代
τοῖς φοβουμένοις = to the fearing 给那敬畏……的
αὐτόν = him 他
51 Ἐποίησεν κράτος ἐν βραχίονι αὐτοῦ, διεσκόρπισεν ὑπερηφάνους διανοίᾳ καρδίας αὐτῶν:
1:51 他用膀臂施展大能.那狂傲的人、正心里妄想、就被他赶散了。
1:51 He has performed mighty deeds with his arm; he has scattered those who are proud in their inmost thoughts.
Ἐποίησεν = he made 他做了
κράτος = mighty 大能
ἐν βραχίονι = with arm 用膀臂
αὐτοῦ = his 他的
διεσκόρπισεν = he scattered 他驱散了
ὑπερηφάνους = proud 自大的
διανοίᾳ = in idea 在想法
καρδίας = hearts 心的
αὐτῶν = their 他们的
52 καθεῖλεν δυνάστας ἀπὸ θρόνων καὶ ὕψωσεν ταπεινούς,
1:52 他叫有权柄的失位、叫卑贱的升高.
1:52 He has brought down rulers from their thrones but has lifted up the humble.
καθεῖλεν = he bought down 他让……下来
δυνάστας = rulers 统治者
ἀπὸ θρόνων = from thrones 从宝座
καὶ ὕψωσεν = and he made ... high 而他高举
ταπεινούς = humble 低下的
53 πεινῶντας ἐνέπλησεν ἀγαθῶν καὶ πλουτοῦντας ἐξαπέστειλεν κενούς.
1:53 叫饥饿的得饱美食、叫富足的空手回去。
1:53 He has filled the hungry with good things but has sent the rich away empty.
πεινῶντας = hungry 饥饿的
ἐνέπλησεν = he filled 他充满
ἀγαθῶν = of good 好的
καὶ = and 而
πλουτοῦντας = rich 富足的
ἐξαπέστειλεν = he sent away 他送走
κενούς = of empty 空的
54 ἀντελάβετο Ἰσραὴλ παιδὸς αὐτοῦ, μνησθῆναι ἐλέους,
1:54 他扶助了他的仆人以色列、
1:54 He has helped his servant Israel, remembering to be merciful
ἀντελάβετο = he helped 他帮助了
Ἰσραὴλ = Israel 以色列
παιδὸς = of child 孩子的,仆人的
αὐτοῦ = his 他的
μνησθῆναι = to be remembered 被记得
ἐλέους = of mercy 怜悯的
55 καθὼς ἐλάλησεν πρὸς τοὺς πατέρας ἡμῶν, τῷ Ἀβραὰμ καὶ τῷ σπέρματι αὐτοῦ εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα.
1:55 为要记念亚伯拉罕和他的后裔、施怜悯、直到永远、正如从前对我们列祖所说的话。
1:55 to Abraham and his descendants forever, even as he said to our fathers."
καθὼς = just like 正如
ἐλάλησεν = he spoke 他说
πρὸς = to 对
τοὺς πατέρας = the fathers 那些父
ἡμῶν = our 我们的
τῷ Ἀβραὰμ = to Abraham 对亚伯拉罕
καὶ = and 和
τῷ σπέρματι = to the sperm 对那些后裔
αὐτοῦ = his 他的
εἰς = into 直到
τὸν αἰῶνα = the forever 永远