我们为什么做梦这个问题没有明确的答案，但有不同的理论。这些理论包括记忆储存、日常情绪的处理以及帮助我们为日常压力情境进行演练。本文就此展开讨论。

词汇：dreams 梦

There are no clear answers to the question of why we dream, but there are different theories. Dreaming is extraordinary and strange: you hallucinate, believe impossible things, and people you know may merge into one another. And then, to top it off, you will likely forget all about it.

我们为什么会做梦这个问题没有明确的答案，但有不同的理论。做梦是非凡而奇怪的:你会产生幻觉，相信不可能的事情，你认识的人可能会彼此融合。然后，最糟糕的是，你可能会把它忘得一干二净。

Memory storage could be one reason for why we dream. When you are asleep, the brain decides what information you should move to your long-term memory and what should be unlearnt. In a TED Talk, psychologist Amy Adkins described a 2010 experiment involving participants studying how to get out of a complex 3D maze. It was found that they were much better at attempting it if they had had a nap and dreamt of the maze.

记忆储存可能是我们做梦的原因之一。当你睡着的时候，大脑会决定你应该将哪些信息转移到长期记忆中，哪些信息应该被遗忘。在TED演讲中，心理学家艾米·阿德金斯(Amy Adkins)描述了2010年的一项实验，参与者研究如何走出一个复杂的3D迷宫。研究发现，如果他们小睡一下，并梦见迷宫，他们在尝试迷宫时表现得更好。

Another purpose of dreams could be the processing of our daily emotions, which may add to emotional memory consolidation. In 2003, the Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience published research that experimented with the idea of dreams being a replication of our daily lives. Diary entries and dream journals of 29 healthy young adults over a two-week period were compared, and it was discovered that emotional themes from the day were replicated in dreams 35-55% of the time.

梦的另一个目的可能是处理我们的日常情绪，这可能会增加情绪记忆的巩固。2003年，《认知神经科学杂志》(Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience)发表了一项研究，该研究对梦是我们日常生活的复制这一观点进行了实验。研究人员对29名健康年轻人两周内的日记和梦境日志进行了比较，发现当天的情绪主题在35-55%的时间里会在梦境中重复出现。

Antti Revonsuo, a Finnish scientist, has suggested that dreaming helps us to prepare for and deal with stressful situations. He studied children’s nightmares, giving an example of being continuously chased by wolves. He believes dreams like this stem from our ancestors and could be a rehearsal for daily struggle and survival. In modern times, dreams and nightmares may be preparing us for social situations such as having a fight with a friend, going on a date or having a job interview.

芬兰科学家Antti Revonsuo认为，做梦可以帮助我们准备和处理压力情况。他研究了孩子们的噩梦，举了一个不断被狼追赶的例子。他认为这样的梦源于我们的祖先，可能是日常斗争和生存的预演。在现代，梦和噩梦可能会让我们为社交场合做准备，比如和朋友吵架、约会或面试。

With such a variety of theories on why we dream, it seems that more research is needed before we can completely understand their purpose.

关于我们为什么做梦的理论有这么多，在我们完全理解它们的目的之前，似乎还需要更多的研究。

词汇表

extraordinary 奇特的，非凡的
hallucinate 产生幻觉
merge 使合并、融合
memory storage 记忆储存
long-term memory 长期记忆
unlearnt 忘却
maze 迷宫
a nap 小睡，打盹
processing 处理
consolidation 巩固
replication 复制
diary entries 日记
dream journal 梦境日志
emotional theme 情感主题
nightmare 噩梦
chased 被追赶
stem from 由…造成，源自
ancestor 祖先
rehearsal 演练
struggle 挣扎，奋斗

测验与练习

1. 阅读课文并回答问题。

1. Why is dreaming described as strange?

2. What does the brain do with memory when you are asleep?

3. True or false? In a 2010 experiment, participants were better at an activity if they hadn’t had a nap.

4. How did researchers find out that emotional themes from the day could be replicated in dreams?

5. What example of a children’s nightmare is given?

2. 选择意思恰当的单词或词组来完成下列句子。

1. The two companies are planning to _______ into one.  

hallucinate                 merge                       process                    chase

2. If you’re tired, why don’t you take a _______?

maze                          nap                           dream                       nightmare

3. There was a power _______ between the two owners of the company.

struggle                      replication                 themes                      memory

4. Don’t wake the baby! She’s finally _______.

unlearnt                      stressful                    extraordinary             asleep

5. His health problems _______ an accident he had when he was a child.

deal with                     stem from                  prepare for                understand

答案

1. 阅读课文并回答问题。 

1. Why is dreaming described as strange?
Because you might hallucinate and believe impossible things.

2. What does the brain do with memory when you are asleep?
The brain decides what information you should move to your long-term memory and what should be unlearnt.

3. True or false? In a 2010 experiment, participants were better at an activity if they hadn’t had a nap.
False. Participants were better at attempting to get out of a maze if they had had a nap and dreamt of the maze.

4. How did researchers find out that emotional themes from the day could be replicated in dreams?
Participants wrote a diary of the day’s events and a dream journal and these were compared.

5. What example of a children’s nightmare is given?
Being chased by wolves.

2. 选择意思恰当的单词或词组来完成下列句子。

1. The two companies are planning to merge into one. 

2. If you’re tired, why don’t you take a nap?

3. There was a power struggle between the two owners of the company.

4. Don’t wake the baby! She’s finally asleep.

5. His health problems stem from an accident he had when he was a child.  

文章来源BBC，侵权删。