初稿

{"ops":[{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"目录"},{"insert":"\n一、声母\n二、韵母\n三、介音与声调\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"cut-off"},"insert":{"cut-off":{"type":"1","url":"https://b2.sanwen.net/b_article/4aa545dccf7de8d4a93c2b2b8e3265ac0a26d216.png"}}},{"insert":"一、声母"},{"attributes":{"header":1},"insert":"\n"},{"insert":"约33个。\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b2.sanwen.net/b_article/7650388d117e98ec4d537cce482f67a079ebd881.jpg","width":645,"height":649,"size":59049,"status":"loaded"}}},{"attributes":{"color":"#f85a54","bold":true},"insert":"【p】/pʰ/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#f85a54","bold":true},"insert":"【b】/p/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#f85a54","bold":true},"insert":"【mb】/ᵐb/ 鼻冠音"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#f85a54","bold":true},"insert":"【m】/m/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#f85a54","bold":true},"insert":"【w】/β~w/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864","bold":true},"insert":"【t】/tʰ/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864","bold":true},"insert":"【d】/t/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864","bold":true},"insert":"【nd】/ⁿd/ 鼻冠音"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864","bold":true},"insert":"【n】/n/ *nj /ȵ/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864","bold":true},"insert":"【l】/l/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec","bold":true},"insert":"【k】/kʰ/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec","bold":true},"insert":"【g】/k/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec","bold":true},"insert":"【mg】/ᵑɡ/ 鼻冠音，亦作 nng"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec","bold":true},"insert":"【ng】/ŋ/ *ngj /ȵ/ **ngw /ɣʷ/ ***ngː /ɯˠ/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec","bold":true},"insert":"【h】/x~h/ *hj /ç/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec","bold":true},"insert":"【o-】/ɣʷ/ 同 ngw"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#f85a54","bold":true},"insert":"【f】/f/ *fw /ɸʷ/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#f85a54","bold":true},"insert":"【v】/v/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#f85a54","bold":true},"insert":"【pf】/p͡fʰ/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#f85a54","bold":true},"insert":"【bv】/p͡f/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864","bold":true},"insert":"【s】/s/ *sj /ɕ/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864","bold":true},"insert":"【z】/z/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864","bold":true},"insert":"【ts】/ʦʰ/ *tsj /ʨʰ/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864","bold":true},"insert":"【dz】/ʦ/ *dzj /ʨ/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864","bold":true},"insert":"【ps】/p͡sʰ/ *psj /p͡ɕʰ/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864","bold":true},"insert":"【ks】/k͡sʰ/ *ksj /k͡ɕʰ/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864","bold":true},"insert":"【j】/j~ʑ/ 亦作 zj"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864","bold":true},"insert":"【y-】/ɥ~ʑᶣ/ 亦作 jy，zy"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec","bold":true},"insert":"【tr】/tʳʰ/ 颤音化"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec","bold":true},"insert":"【dr】/tʳ/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec","bold":true},"insert":"【ndr】/ⁿdʳ/ 鼻冠音"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec","bold":true},"insert":"【nr】/nʳ/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec","bold":true},"insert":"【r-】/r/ 亦作 lr"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"cut-off"},"insert":{"cut-off":{"type":"1","url":"https://b2.sanwen.net/b_article/4aa545dccf7de8d4a93c2b2b8e3265ac0a26d216.png"}}},{"insert":"二、韵母"},{"attributes":{"header":1},"insert":"\n"},{"insert":"110个左右。\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b2.sanwen.net/b_article/aceed91069aae7b71506f16ebcc6a059e48aad27.jpg","width":602,"height":627,"size":68205,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"1、阴声韵"},{"attributes":{"header":2},"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"【a】/a/,【e】/e/,【-r】/ɤ/,【o】/o/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"【ja】/ʲa/,【je】/ʲe/,【jo】/ᶣo/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"【wa】/ʷɑ/,【we】/ʷe/,【wo】/ʷɤ~ʷɔ/*,【ya】/ᶣɑ/,【ye】/ᶣø/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"【i】/i/,【y】/y/,【u】/u/,【 ː 】/ɯ/**"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"【ju】/ʲu/,【wi】/ʷi/,【yu】/ᶣu/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"【aj】/aɪ̯/,【ej】/eɪ̯/,【oj】/ɔɪ̯/,【joj】/ᶣoɪ̯/,【waj】/ʷaɪ̯/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"【aw】/ɑʊ̯/,【ew】/ɔʊ̯/***,【jaw】/ʲaʊ̯/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"* wo /wɤ~wɔ/ 以 w 为声母单独出现"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"** vː /v̩/, zː /z̩~zɯ/, rː /r̩~rɯ~rɤ/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"*** ew 亦作 ow"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b2.sanwen.net/b_article/1fab9b743eef2be332388cc924349c3e5f6d841c.jpg","width":604,"height":668,"size":128369,"status":"loaded"}}},{"attributes":{"color":"#f85a54"},"insert":"2、阳声韵-n 入声韵-t /t̚/"},{"attributes":{"header":2},"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#f85a54","bold":true},"insert":"【an】/an/,【at】/at̚/,【en】/en/,【et】/et̚/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#f85a54","bold":true},"insert":"【jat】/ʲat̚/,【jen】/ʲæn/*,【jet】/ʲet̚/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#f85a54","bold":true},"insert":"【yat】/ᶣɑt/,【yen】/ᶣæn/*,【yet】/ᶣet̚/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#f85a54","bold":true},"insert":"【wan】/ʷɑn/,【wat】/ʷɑt̚/,【wen】/ʷen/,【wet】/ʷet̚/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#f85a54","bold":true},"insert":"【-n】/n̩~ᵊn/,【rt】/ət̚/,【on】/on/,【ot】/ot̚/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#f85a54","bold":true},"insert":"【in】/iȵ/,【it】/it̚/,【jon】/ᶣon/,【jot】/ᶣot̚/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#f85a54","bold":true},"insert":"【un】/uᵊn/,【ut】/ut̚/,【win】/ʷiȵ/,【wit】/ʷit̚/,【yn】/yᵊn/***,【yt】/yt̚/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#f85a54","bold":true},"insert":"* jen 亦作 jan, jaen, 音同"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#f85a54","bold":true},"insert":"** won /wɔn/, wot /wɔt̚/ 以 w 为声母单独出现"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#f85a54","bold":true},"insert":"*** yn 亦作 jun, 同时 jut /ʲut̚/ 与 yt 对立"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b2.sanwen.net/b_article/5e7c8f2a3bad2ef3311a1e64d3554aea3683ae6b.jpg","width":598,"height":667,"size":170412,"status":"loaded"}}},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864"},"insert":"3、阳声韵-m 入声韵-p /p̚/"},{"attributes":{"header":2},"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864","bold":true},"insert":"【am】/am/,【ap】/ap̚/,【em】/em/,【ep】/ep̚/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864","bold":true},"insert":"【jam】/ʲam/,【jap】/ʲap̚/,【jem】/ʲem/,【jep】/ʲep̚/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864","bold":true},"insert":"【wam】/ʷɑm/,【wap】/ʷɑp̚/,【wem】/ʷem/,【wep】/ʷep̚/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864","bold":true},"insert":"【yam】/ᶣɑm/,【yap】/ᶣɑp̚/,【yem】/ᶣøm/,【yep】/ᶣøp̚/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864","bold":true},"insert":"【-m】/əm/,【rp】/əp̚/,【om】/om/,【op】/op̚/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864","bold":true},"insert":"【im】/im/,【ip】/ip̚/,【jom】/ᶣom/,【jop】/ᶣop̚/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864","bold":true},"insert":"【um】/uᵊm/,【up】/up̚/,【wim】/ʷim/,【wip】/ʷip̚/,【ym】/yᵊm/**,【yp】/yp̚/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864","bold":true},"insert":"* wom /wɔm/, wop /wɔp̚/ 以 w 为声母单独出现"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864","bold":true},"insert":"** ym 亦作 jum, 同时 jup /ʲup̚/ 与 yp 对立"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b2.sanwen.net/b_article/a19340bbbb3bf7a44758daa9bff4a1dcf658fd73.jpg","width":595,"height":582,"size":163763,"status":"loaded"}}},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec"},"insert":"3、阳声韵-ng /ŋ/ 入声韵-k /k̚/"},{"attributes":{"header":2},"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec","bold":true},"insert":"【ang】/ɑŋ/,【ak】/ɑk̚/,【ek】/ek̚/,【jang】/ʲɑŋ/,【jak】/ʲak̚/,【jek】/ʲek̚/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec","bold":true},"insert":"【wang】/ʷɑŋ/,【wak】/ʷɑk̚/,【wek】/ʷek̚/,【yang】/ᶣɑŋ/,【yak】/ᶣɑk̚/，【yek】/ᶣøk̚/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec","bold":true},"insert":"【-ng】/ɤŋ/,【rk】/ɤk̚/,【ong】/ɔŋ/,【ɔk̚】"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec","bold":true},"insert":"【ing】/iŋ/,【ik】/ik̚/,【jong】/ᶣɔŋ~yᵊŋ/,【jok】/ᶣɔk̚/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec","bold":true},"insert":"【ung】/uŋ/,【uk】/uk̚/,【wing】/ʷiŋ/,【wik】/ʷik̚/,【yng】/yᵊŋ/**,【yk】/yk̚/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec","bold":true},"insert":"* wong /wɔŋ/, wok /wɔk̚/ 以 w 为声母单独出现"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec","bold":true},"insert":"** yun 亦作 jung, 同时 juk /ʲuk̚/与 yk 对立"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"cut-off"},"insert":{"cut-off":{"type":"1","url":"https://b2.sanwen.net/b_article/4aa545dccf7de8d4a93c2b2b8e3265ac0a26d216.png"}}},{"insert":"三、介音与声调"},{"attributes":{"header":1},"insert":"\n"},{"insert":"1、介音"},{"attributes":{"header":2},"insert":"\n"},{"insert":"5个具有介音色彩的音素：\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"①【-j-】/ʲ/, /ᶣ/（o前）"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"②【-w-】/ʷ/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"③【-y-】/ᶣ/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"④【-ː-】/ɯˠ/, /v̩ˠ/, /z̩ˠ/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"⑤【-r-】/ʳ/"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"* 一个音节只能含有一个介音"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"** sːi /sz̩ˠɪ/ "},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"　"},{"insert":"\n2、声调"},{"attributes":{"header":2},"insert":"\n"},{"insert":"声调借用汉语平上去入调名。\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b2.sanwen.net/b_article/3d519e58d94f384f3257d4d91f0595813c2e7c7c.jpg","width":518,"height":360,"size":66833,"status":"loaded"}}},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"・平声："},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"　・高平 55 ˥˥ 含鼻冠音音节"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"　・低平 33 ˧˧ 非上去入的音节"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"・"},{"attributes":{"color":"#f85a54","bold":true},"insert":"上声 113 ˩˩˧"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":" 含介音-ː-的音节"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"・"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864","bold":true},"insert":"去声 51 ˥˩"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":" 含-s /s~s̚/ 韵尾的音节"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"・"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec","bold":true},"insert":"入声 1ʔ ˩ʔ"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":" 含入声韵尾的音节"},{"insert":"\n\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"* 高平在语流中常省去鼻音，保留声调 55 ˥˥"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"** 去声亦可读作 31 ˧˩ ，韵尾-s 一般无声，省作( ' )"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"*** 上声介音-ː-可省作 /ˠ/，可读作 13 ˩˧"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"**** 含介音-r-的音节，皆为平声"},{"insert":"\n\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"例："},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"ndan⁵⁵ /ⁿdan/ 高平"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"dan³³ /tan/ 低平"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"dran³³ /tʳan/ 低平"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"dːan¹¹³ /tɯˠan/ 上声"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"dans⁵¹ /tans̚/ 去声"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"dat¹ˀ /tat̚/ 入声"},{"insert":"\n\n\n\n\n\n"}]}