【復原唐樂合奏】撥頭 (拔頭) -- [Reconstructed Tan...
完整版简介如下：
【復原唐樂合奏】撥頭 (拔頭) -- [Reconstructed Tang-period Ensemble Music] Bō-tóu (Bá-tóu)
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=h6LVPa2HylQ
原视频于2023年2月26日发布
0:00 標題 Title
0:06 樂譜復原概要 Summary of the Restoration Process
0:51 復原樂曲演奏 Featured Performance
4:22 片末 End Credits
Bō-tóu (撥頭 or 鉢頭; also known as 拔頭 Bá-tóu) was a gē-wǔ-xì (歌舞戲) originated from Central Asia that was widely performed during the Táng dynasty. Gē-wǔ-xì was a type of dance drama with a simple plot conveyed through music, song and dance that is sometimes regarded as a prototype of Chinese opera (戲曲; xì-qǔ). The story of Bō-tóu tells of a sorrowful man in search of a tiger in the mountains that has wounded/slain his father for vengeance. The tortuous mountain roads was represented by repeating the music eight times and thus Bō-tóu was also known at the time as the "eight-fold drama (八叠戲; Bā-dié-xì)". The choreography was characterized with dramatic sweeping head movements of the dancer adorning a mask with long, unkempt faux hair in depiction of the main character in rage and distress. Notably, while earlier performance of Bō-tóu centered on the theme of vengeful heroism, it was later evolved to focus on the mourning of the main character for his slain father while in search for the body instead during the late Táng period (9th century).
The pípá score of Bō-tóu found in the Biwa Shochoushi-fu (琵琶諸調子譜) is currently the earliest known surviving score for this piece. Scores for all major winds and strings as well as percussion have also survived. The music is set in Dà-shí diào (大食調) or Mixolydian mode on E and has 15 rhythmic units. This video features a rendition of Bō-tóu based primarily on the pípá score from the Biwa Shochoushi-fu. Scores for the other parts were also consulted for a final full-ensemble realization of this piece.
《撥頭》（又作《鉢頭》，《拔頭》）為唐代歌舞戲，由西域傳入。『歌舞戲』是當時一種集音樂、歌舞及戲劇於一體的表演形式，有簡單的情節，現今常被視作中國戲曲的雛形，有史可依之例子除《撥頭》外，亦有《大面》（《蘭陵王》）、《踏謠娘》等。《撥頭》講述一胡人因其父被虎所噬而上山將其尋獲及殺死，故事中山路迂迴有八折，以樂奏八叠來代表，所以《撥頭》亦稱作『八叠戲』。舞者以胡服打扮，戴披長髮胡人假面，其舞蹈多有撥頭甩髮的動作。值得一提，早期的《撥頭》表演以胡人殺猛獸報父仇為主題，但至晚唐時則變成主角哭啼着上山尋父屍行孝。
現存《撥頭》樂譜以《琵琶諸調子譜》所載的琵琶譜為最早，同時亦有其他管弦及擊樂樂譜流傳，樂曲保存相對完整。其宫調為大食調（太簇商），有十五拍，同曲依舞奏若干遍。本片所錄《撥頭》為《琵琶諸調子譜》琵琶譜的復原本，再參考其餘聲部的樂譜補回其他樂器以復原樂曲全貌。
Reference 參考資料:
葛曉音，户倉英美 『"撥頭"考』，中華文史論叢，2013.1，總第109期，第329-399頁 (Gé Xiǎo-yīn, Tokura Hidemi "Investigation of the Term Botou", Journal of Chinese Literature and History, 2013.1, Issue 109, pp. 329-399)
DOI:10.16837/j.cnki.1002-0039.2013.01.020
