【大学英语四级】2020年9月四级考试参考答案
四级写作解析
01 第一套写作
◆【题目】
Directions:
For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on online libraries. You can start your essay with the sentence “Online library is becoming increasingly popular.” You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
◆【参考范文】
Online library is becoming increasingly popular. Nowadays, more and more people are reading books through online libraries, which has aroused a heated debate over the pros and cons. In my opinion, online libraries’ advantages have been far out-weighted over their disadvantages.
Online libraries’ merits are countless. To start with, online libraries can offer more readers with a wider range of books to read. People in remote villages can get access to as many books as those living in big cities. Also, online reading allows them to read anywhere at anytime convenient. Meanwhile, it can’t be neglected that online libraries could also result in the diminishing of people’s reading time since most people tend to focus for a shorter time while reading online.
In summary, despite their potential shortcomings, online libraries have a number of benefits in enhancing people’s reading experience and enriching people’s spiritual life. With the constant development of information technology, I believe online libraries are bound to contribute more to our society.
◆【参考译文】
02 第二套写作
◆【题目】
For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on online dictionary. You can start your essay with the sentence “Online dictionary is becoming increasingly popular.” You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
◆【参考范文】
Online dictionary is becoming increasingly popular. Nowadays, more and more people are studying languages under the help of online dictionary, which has aroused a heated debate over the pros and cons. In my opinion, online dictionaries have both advantages and disadvantages.
On the one hand, online dictionaries bring us great convenience to those who have trouble in learning languages in work and study. Because not only can the dictionaries enable us to figure out some complex words in some literatures or thesis but improve ourselves without the help of teachers. On the other hand, however, its demerits are also evident. Online dictionaries are not like a book that we can take anywhere but an electronic device. Once the device is out of power, it will influence our study. Additionally, viewing the screen for a long time undoubtedly does harm to users’ eyesight.
From what I have illustrated above, we can find that the online dictionaries are more like a double-edged sword. Neither do we discard it nor completely rely on it. Only when we make reasonable use of it can we maximize its benefits tremendously.
◆【参考译文】
在线词典越来越受欢迎。如今，越来越多的人借助网络词典学习语言，这引起了人们对网络词典利弊的激烈争论。在我看来，在线词典既有优点也有缺点。
一方面，在线词典给那些在工作和学习中学习语言有困难的人带来了极大的方便。因为字典不仅可以帮助我们在一些文献或论文中找出一些复杂的单词，而且可以在没有老师帮助的情况下提高自己。然而，另一方面，它的缺点也显而易见。在线词典不像一本我们可以随身携带的书，而是一种电子设备。一旦装置断电，就会影响我们的学习。另外，长时间观看屏幕无疑会损害用户的视力。
从上面的说明中，我们可以发现在线词典更像一把双刃剑。我们既不抛弃它，也不完全依赖它。只有我们合理利用它，才能使它的效益最大化。
03 第三套写作
◆【题目】
For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the use of PowerPoint(PPT) in class. You can start your essay with the sentence "The use of PowerPoint is becoming increasingly popular in class". You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
◆【参考范文】
The use of PowerPoint is becoming increasingly popular in class. As more and more classrooms across the country are now equipped with multimedia screens and projectors, PowerPoint slide show has become one of the most common ways of teaching nowadays.
There are a lot of factors contributing to the change of teaching equipment. First of all, it is more convenient for teachers to make PowerPoint slides than to write on a blackboard with a chalk, which is easier for students to understand as well. Moreover, teaching by using PowerPoint slide shows appears to be more interactive. There are a lot of functions that allow both the teacher and the students to mark, change and even animate the information on the slides, whereas the traditional equipment only provides limited possibilities of teaching methods.
All in all, the continuous development of PowerPoint-assisted teaching opens up a bright future for education, and I am convinced that this kind of technology will continue to benefit more teachers and students.
◆【参考译文】
在课堂上使用PowerPoint变得越来越流行。随着全国越来越多的教室配备了多媒体屏幕和投影仪，PowerPoint幻灯片已成为当今最常见的教学方式之一。
有教学设备变化的背后有很多原因。首先，制作PowerPoint幻灯片相对于用粉笔在黑板上书写，对老师来说更方便，也便于学生理解。此外，使用PowerPoint幻灯片教学似乎更具互动性。有许多功能可以让教师和学生对幻灯片上的信息进行标记、更改，甚至使其具有动画效果，而传统设备能提供的教学方法的可能性很有限。
总而言之，PowerPoint辅助教学的不断发展为教育打开了一个光明的未来，我相信这种技术将继续造福更多的教师和学生。
四级听力原文+解读
01 第一套听力
◆【News report one】
A NASA satellite orbiting over Portugal took photographs that reveal the effects of pollution from ships. One of the photos shows a thin film of clouds above the brilliant blue of the north Atlantic, cut by white lines of thicker clouds that look like scars. (1) NASA officials explained those thicker clouds are signs of ship traffic below when ships power their way through the ocean, they pump exhaust into the atmosphere. Just as cars do.
And those massive amounts of particles can cause clouds to form, get enough of those particles in one place as from the exhaust of a ship. And they can lead to the creation of new clouds easily visible from space. These clouds can be huge. Some of them stretch hundreds of kilometers from end to end. (2) NASA officials said it's likely that these sorts of clouds are having some effect on the global climate, according to NASA officials.
But scientists aren't yet sure what effect it has. questions one and two are based on the news report you have just heard.
Question 1 What has caused the thick clouds in the photos taken by a NASA satellite?
Question 2 What do NASA officials think about the thick clouds?
◆【解析】
第一题出题句较长，一般会出现部分词的同义替换，大部分关键词会原词重现，用视听一致方法即可选出正确答案
第二题抓住信号词“...said”和“according to”定位出题句，该句中“global climate”是专有名词，一般不会替换，用视听一致方法即可选出正确答案
◆【News report two】
Staff at a suburban supermarket in Melbourne say they feel unsafe at work after security guards were removed. This came after a series of physical attacks and verbal abuse by customers. (3) More than 50 workers at the store have signed a letter calling for a permanent security guard following a series of incidents, including a customer threatening to attack a supervisor with a knife. A security worker had guard at the storm each night from seven pm until 12 am.
But that had stopped suddenly on Monday, employees said. One worker said an angry customer had thrown a chicken at his head after complaining about how long she had waited to be served. Another worker said the lack of protection at the storm made her feel uncomfortable at work. (4) However, the spokesman of the supermarket said the store had taken strong action in response to incidents. We have found very few instances of bad customer behavior at our store in the past year. In the rare cases, we have seen bad behavior. We have taken strong action in response, including banning a customer from the store.
Question 3 For what purpose did this staff at a supermarket in Melbourne sign a letter?
Question 4 What did the spokesman of the supermarkets say regarding the employees demand?
◆【解析】
第一题考察形容词+名词词组，这类选项注意形容词的同义替换，名词一般不替换。可用视听一致确定出题句相关名词，然后判断形容词是否替换。
第二题抓住信号词“However”及“...said”,且关键词“strong action”多次出现，用视听一致方法可选出正确答案。
◆【New report three】
(5) Drivers on their way to the polish capital of Warsaw on Wednesday morning found the road blocked by an unusual obstacle. Tons of liquid chocolate that spilled onto the motorway. A truck carrying the sweet load hit a road barrier and overturned, blocking two lanes. (6) The cracked tank spilled a pool of a rapidly hardening chocolate, which quickly covered the width of the road, while the driver was taken to hospital with a broken arm, firefighters struggled to remove a reported 12 tons of solid chocolate from the road. (7) A representative for the firefighters told the local TV that removing the chocolate was worse than dealing with snow. After contacting the chocolate manufacturer, the firefighters resorted to spraying hot, pressurized water to get rid of the sticky substance. The local TV also noted that the cleanup spanned more than a Mile because drivers simply drove through the chocolate after the crash, leaving a long chocolate trail. But despite the sticky situation, firefighters and police attending to the cleanup were reportedly cheerful about the long task ahead. After all, who could be mad about 12 tons of chocolate?
Question 5 What does drivers on the motorway to Warsaw find?
Question 6 What does the report say about the accident?
Question 7 What are the firefighters representative tell the local TV?
◆【Conversation one】
M: Lisa, why did you pay for your meal with cash instead of the payment apps on your phone?
W: Well, I’ve gone back to cash. I’m only using payment apps if that’s the only option. [8]I am trying to save money for a new phone. And I find that using cash rather than payment apps helps me to save.
M: But how? Money is money, isn’t it? I don’t think it matters whether you take it out of the bank and put it in your wallet will simply transfer from your bank account to the seller’s bank account using an app.
W: No, I believe it does matter. It’s a psychological phenomenon. [9] I believe we have less connection with the value of our money when we just have the approved buttons on our phones.
M: You might have a point. Since I stopped carrying cash around and started using my phone apps to pay, [10] I may have developed a tendency to buy more small or nonessential items.
W: That’s highly possible. Think about the amount of time we spend with our phones in our hands and all the things we do with our phones. It sometimes seems that our phone is buying the product for us, not ourselves.
M: [11] So cashless payment affects our ability to budget?
W: I believe so. If we spend a hundred yuan in cash, we realize that we don’t have that hundred yuan to spend on something else. But if we’re spending electronically, we are less likely to make that mental calculation.
M: I stopped using my credit card because I found out spending excessively, perhaps I should take the same approach of paying using my phone.
W: It’s worth considering.
Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
Question 8. Why did the woman decide to go back to cash for payment?
Question 9. What happens when people use that for payment according to the woman?
Question 10. What might the man tend to buy with payment apps?
Question 11. What does the man think of electronic payment?
◆【Conversation Two】
W: Hello, Mr. Brown. I was expecting your call. [12] My secretary told me you were having some problems with the wooden table. Is that right?
M: No, no, the table is fine. [12] The problem is the chairs.
W: Oh, the chairs. So what exactly is the issue?
M: Well, to put simply, these are not the chairs my wife and I selected in your store last week. There must have been some confusion with our order.
W: Oh, I see. I’m looking through my files now, and I see that the delivery was this morning. Is that correct?
M: Yes.
W: [13] Do you mind describing the chairs that were delivered to your apartment, Mr. Brown?
M: Sure. These have a flat back with a rounded top, and are very heavy—they’re light brown that look kind of cheap. The ones we ordered were dark brown to match the table.
W: Right, of course. It says here you purchased the Arlington table and four Milano chairs. As you said, there must have been some confusion with the order. I’m terribly sorry. [14] We will send a van to collect those four and replace them with the Milano you purchased. Will tomorrow 9am be okay, Mr. Brown?
M: Yes, that would be great. Thank you.
W: Good. Did everything else you ordered from us arrive okay?
M: Yes, I think so. Let me check. The mirror and two paintings are here. The two coffee tables are also here, and the sofa. Yes, we haven’t noticed anything else wrong or missing. But if we do, we will certainly let you know.
W: Okay, great. [15] Once again, I’m sorry for the confusion and trouble caused.
Question 12. Why did the man call the woman?
To talk about the wrong chairs.
Question 13. What did the woman ask the man to do?
Describe the chairs.
Question 14. What did the woman promise to do for the man?
To replace the chairs with the Milano ones.
Question 15. What did the woman do at the end of the conversation?
Apologize for the confusion and trouble caused.
◆【Passage One】
Do you have too much stuff? Are you daring saying untidy? (16) Say hello to a TV show called “tidying up with Mary Kondo”, a home improvement show based on a widely popular book, the life changing magic of tidying up. In the show, Marie Kondo acts as a tiny garbage fairy for messy people, visiting their houses to share the wisdom of the con Marie method. This method is simple in theory, but can be endlessly complex and practice. (17)You divide all the stuff in your house, all of it into several categories, and then examine each item, all of them to see if it sparks joy. If it does, you keep it. If it doesn't, you thank it and neatly discard it. So is the TV show inspiring people to tidy up? First hand accounts seem to indicate a small wave of people bringing piles of donation bags to used good stores. One store received thousands of bags of used possessions in one day. January is usually the stores slow season for donations because it's cold. And people don’t want to bother. But not this January, people seem determined to clean up their homes. (18) One used bookstore received a month’s worth of books and donations in a week, when a man gave over 50 boxes of books from his home. It seems Mary’s TV show is having a big impact after all.
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.
Question 16:What is Marie Kondos’ TV show about?
Question 17:What things can be kept in one’s home according to Marie Kondo?
Question 18: What do we learn about one used book store this January?
◆【Passage Two】
At just 12 years old, Mike Hannon is making a difference in his community. (19) One lunch at a time, Mike’s lunches of love has fed more than 2000 of the town’s most vulnerable residents. Mike delivers meals to the homeless. “It’s like a way to give people joy, maybe spark something in them that can change them,” Mike told WBCTV. The mayor of Mike’s town feels that Mike is a great community leader, especially in such times of so much negative news, while his father commented on how proud he was of his son. Yet, Mike isn’t looking for praise but kindness in return. (20) He hopes his acts of charity will influence others to spread positive actions in their own towns. Mike includes a handwritten message of joy on each bag. His message and star power has spread all over the country. To date, his online page to raise funds has brought in more than 44,000 dollars in a county, raising more than 17,000 dollars in just one day with the help of many famous actors and others. (21) People from all over the country are sending special handcrafted bags to help the young man with his mission to help those in need. Many are hoping the simple act of kindness spreads, like is seen as hope for the future of the town, the country, and the world.
Question 19: What does Mike Hannon do to help people in his town?
Question 20: What does Mike hope others will do?
Question 21: How are people all over country responding to what Mike is doing?
◆【Passage Three】
In a recent study carried out by psychologists on the disruptive effects of smartphones, (22)two groups of college students were given word search puzzles. First group was told to Complete the puzzles with its participants, smartphones, in their line of sight. The second group, however, was told that the phones would interfere with equipment in the experiment and would need to be moved away from the testing area.
Midway through the second groups solving of the puzzles, the experiment called one of the phones “let it ring for a while before hanging up”. (23)Many of the students in that group were unable to focus from then on, becoming anxious and performing more poorly than the first group.
Use of electronics has also been known to lead to a decline in human interactions rather than having real life conversations, many express emotions and engage in deep conversations through social media sites. Many students use their phones and computers during pass for non-academic activities, which leads to poor grades. (24)Perhaps the most dramatic impact is the reduction on the amount of sleep,which leads to poor health and weight gain.
Technology is a great tool. However, it’s important to recognize its down sides. Lack of sleep, reduction of productivity and weight gain are only a few. (25)If we are not careful about all these minor problems right now, effect on the future generation is going to be much bigger.
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
Question 22: What were the college students in both groups required to do in the study?
Question 23: What do we learn about many of the students in the second test group after the phone rang?
Question 24: According to the passage, what is the most dramatic impact of smartphone use?
Question 25: What does the speaker suggest people do?
◆【答案】
1. A) Ship traffic in the Atlantic.
2. D) They may be affecting the world’s climate.
3. C) To call for a permanent security guard.
4. A) It had already taken strong action.
5. B) The road was blocked
6. D) A track hit a barrier and overturned
7. B) It was a hard task to removing the spilled substance.
8. A) She wanted to save for a new phone.
9. D) They are less aware of the value of their money.
10. B) More non- essential things.
11. C) It may lead to excessive spending.
12. C) He had a problem with the furniture delivered.
13. B) Describe the furniture he received.
14. A) Correct their mistake.
15. C) She apologized to the man once more.
16. B) Tidying up one’s home.
17. A) Things that make one happy.
18. C) It received an incredibly large number of donated books.
19. A) Give free meals to the homeless.
20. D) Follow his example.
21. C) Sending him had-made bags.
22. A) To solve word search puzzles.
23. B) They could no longer concentrate on their task.
24. C) A reduction in the amount of sleep.
25. C) Realize the disruptive effects of technology.
四级阅读答案
01 第一套
◆【选词填空1】
26. H integrate
27. B coincidence
28. A associated
29. L recognizable
30. I maximizes
31. N stressful
32. K principal
33. J natural
34. M simply
35. O symbolized
◆【选词填空2】
26. I normal
27. E definitely
28. D considerable
29. J possibly
30. B argued
31. K proposition
32. N tend
33. C avoid
34. F extreme
35. G inaction
◆【信息匹配1】
36. H 段落第一句 Another playtime thief
37. E 段落第一句 The trends have been a long time coming.
38. L 段落第一句 Play may not be a hard sell to kids.
39.G 段落第一句 Predictions aren’t the only ones who have noticed.
40. D段落第一句 “play is not silly behavior,”
41. I 段落第一句 “I respect that parents have busy lives and it’s easy to hand a child a iPhone”
42.C 段落第一句 The advice, issued Monday by the American Academy of Pediatrics
43. K 段落第一句 Yogman also worries about the pressures that squeeze playtime for more affluent kids.
44. F 段落第一句 By 2009
45. B 段落第一句 “This may seem old-fashioned, but there are skills to be leaned when kids aren’t told what to do”
◆【信息匹配2】
Why are Asian Americans Missing from out textbook?
36. E 段落第一句For decades. Activists have called for schools to offer anti-racism or multicultural curricula.
37. B 段落第一句My excitement was short-lived
38. J 段落第一句Some teachers are finding ways to expose students to Asian=-American issues
39. F 段落第一句Research into what students learn in schools has found just how much.
40. H 段落第一句Teachers with multicultural background or
41. D 段落第一句Our students-Asian
42. K 段落第一句And despite setbacks
43. G 段落第一句Worse, when Asian Americans do.
44. C 段落第一句I finally had the opportunity to learn about
45. I 段落第一句How race and ethnicity is taught is crucial.
◆【仔细阅读1】
Diets
46. D Attempting to meet society’s expectation of appearance
47. B They have to do with people’s body weight and shape
48. C Whether self-perception of body image impacts one’s workplace success
49. B People are not adversely affected in the workplace by false self-perception of body weight
50. A Banning discrimination on the bass of employees’ body image
Work-life balance
51. D The concept of work-life balance contributes little to a fulfilling life
52. A It impacts how we think and behave.
53. C We do meaningful work the contributions to society
54. B It is dynamic...
55. D Strive for a more fulfilling life
◆【仔细阅读2】
Paint
46. A It uses paint to create anti-pollution images
47 C Raise public awareness of environmental pollution
48 B He chose tunnels to do his graffiti art
49 A It is simply absurd
50 D They made it impossible for him to practice his art
Housework
51. C It may not turn out to be the best thing to do.
52. A share family responsibilities.
53. B To teach then how to manage money
54. A They have a natural instinct to help around the house
55. D Accept children’s early birds to help.
四级翻译原文+译文
01 第一套翻译
◆【原文】
茅台（Moutai）是中国最有名的白酒，在新中国成立前夕，被选为国宴用酒。
据说赤水沿岸的村民四千年前就开始酿造茅台。在西汉时期，那里的人们生产出了高质量的茅台，并把它贡给皇帝。自唐朝开始，这种地方酒通过海上丝绸之路运往海外。
茅台味道柔和，有一种特殊的香味；适量饮用可以帮助缓解疲劳，有镇静作用，因而广受国内外消费者的喜爱。
◆【参考译文】
Moutai is the most famous liquor in China, which was selected as the drink for national banquets right before the founding of the People’s Republic of China.
It is said that the villagers along the Chishui River started to make Moutai as far as 4000 years ago. During the Western Han Dynasty, people there produced Moutai of high quality and paid it as a tribute to the emperor. From Tang Dynasty, this local liquor has been shipped overseas through the marine silk road.
Moutai is charactered by its mild flavor and unique fragrance. Adequate intake of Moutai can help relieve fatigue and calm people down, as a result of which, Moutai becomes popular among consumers both at home and abroad.
02 第二套翻译
◆【原文】
茶拥有5000年的历史。传说神农氏（Shen Nong）喝开水时几片野树叶子落进壶里，开水顿时散发出宜人的香味他喝了几口，觉得很提神。茶就这样发现了。
自此，茶在中国开始流行。茶园遍布全国茶商变得富有。昂贵雅致的茶具成了地位的象征。
今天，茶不仅是一种健康的饮品而且是中国文化的一个组成部分。越来越多的国际游客一边品茶，一边了解中国文化。
◆【参考译文】
Tea has a history of 5,000 years. A legend goes that when Shen Nong drank boiled water, a few leaves of wild trees fell into the pot and the boiled water immediately gave off a pleasant fragrance. He took a few sips of it and found it very refreshing. Thus tea was discovered. Since then, tea has become popular in China.Tea plantations spread throughout all the country and tea merchants became rich. Expensive and elegant tea sets became a symbol of status. Today, tea is not only a healthy drink, but also part of Chinese culture. More and more international tourists are learning about Chinese culture while sipping tea.
03 第三套翻译
◆【原文】
你如果到北京旅游，必须做两件事：一件是登长城，另一件是吃北京烤鸭。闻名遐迩的北京烤鸭曾仅限于宫廷，而现在北京数百家餐厅均有供应。
北京烤鸭源于600年前的明代。来自全国各地的厨师被挑选出来到京城为皇帝做饭。人们认为在皇宫做饭是一种莫大的荣誉，只有厨艺出众者才能获得这份工作。事实上，正是这些宫廷厨师使北京烤鸭的烹饪艺术日臻完善。
◆【参考译文】
If you travel in Beijing, you must do two things: one is to climb the Great Wall, and the other is to taste Beijing roast ducks. The well-known Beijing roast duck used to be available only in the imperial court, but now it is served in hundreds of restaurants in Beijing.
Beijing roast duck originated in the Ming Dynasty 600 years ago, when chefs from all over the country were selected to cook for the emperor in the capital. It is believed that it’s a great honour to cook in the imperial palace because only those with outstanding cooking skills could be offered the job. In fact, it’s these royal chefs who have gradually perfected the cooking art of Beijing roast duck.
祝大家都能过
