GB/T 27698.2-2023 英文版/外文版 热交换器及传热元件性能测试方

GB/T 27698.2-2023 英文版/外文版 热交换器及传热元件性能测试方法第2部分：热交换器 代替 GB/T 27698.2-2011, GB/T 27698.3-2011 and GB/T 27698.4-2011 GB/T 27698.2-2023 英文版/外文版 Test methods for the performance of heat exchangers and heat exchange elements - Part 2: Heat exchangers GBT 27698.2-2023 英文版/外文版 GB 27698.2-2023 英文版/外文版   前言 本文件按照GB/T 1.1—2020《标准化工作导则第1部分：标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规定起草。 本文件是GB/T 27698《热交换器及传热元件性能测试方法》的第2部分。GB/T 27698已经发布了以下部分： ——第1部分:通用要求； ——第2部分:热交换器； ——第3部分：传热元件； —第4部分:空冷器噪声测定。 本文件代替GB/T 27698.2—2011《热交换器及传热元件性能测试方法 第2部分：管壳式热交换器》、GB/T 27698.3—2011《热交换器及传热元件性能测试方法 第3部分：板式热交换器》与GB/T 27698.4—2011《热交换器及传热元件性能测试方法 第4部分：螺旋板式热交换器》与GB/T 27698.2—2011，GB/T 27698.3—2011和GB/T 27698.4—2011相比，除结构调整和编辑性改动外，主要技术变化如下： a) 增加了“标准工况”与“定性温度”的术语定义（见第3章）； b) 更改了管壳式热交换器产品型号与样机参数的规定（见4.1.1，GB/T 27698.2—2011的3.1）； c) 增加了管壳式热交换器性能测试有效代表范围的规定（见4.1.2）； d) 更改了板式热交换器装机片数要求（见4.2.1，GB/T 27698.3-2011的第1章）； e) 更改了板式热交换器产品型号与样机参数的规定（见4.2.2，GB/T 27698.3-2011的3.1）； f) 增加了板式热交换器性能测试有效代表范围的规定（见4.2.3）； g) 更改了螺旋板式热交换器产品型号与样机参数的规定（见4.3.1，GB/T 27698.4—2011的3.1）； h) 增加了螺旋板式热交换器件能测试有效代表范围的规定（见4.3.2）； i) 增加了液-液无相变湍流性能测试工况点数据采集时间间隔要求（见5.1.3）； j) 增加了液-液无相变低流速性能测试程序（见5.2）； k) 增加了汽-液冷凝性能测试工况点数据采集时间间隔要求（见5.3.3）； 1) 增加了汽-液流动沸腾与蒸发性能测试工况点数据采集时间间隔要求（见5.4.3）； m) 删除了汽-液流动沸腾与蒸发性能测试工况点数据采集热平衡相对误差要求（见GB/T 27698.2—2011的3.2.3.3，GB/T 27698.3—2011的3.2.3.3，GB/T 27698.4—2011的3.2.3.3）； n) 增加了池沸腾传热性能测试程序（见5.5）； o) 更改了汽-液冷凝性能测试数据处理的规定（见6.2，GB/T27698.2-2011的4.2, GB/T27698.3—2011的4.2，GB/T27698.4—2011的4.2）； p) 更改了汽-液流动沸腾与蒸发性能测试数据处理的规定（见6.3，GB/T 27698.2-2011的4.3.GB/T 27698.3—2011的4.3，GB/T 27698.4—2011的4.3）； q) 增加了池沸腾传热性能测试数据处理的规定（见6.4）； r) 增加了不确定度的规定（见7.3）； s) 增加了测试报告的规定（见第8章）。 请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利。本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。 本文件由全国锅炉压力容器标准化技术委员会（SAC/TC262）提出并归口。 本文件于2011年首次发布，本次为第一次修订，修订时并入了GB/T 27698.3—2011《热交换器及传热元件性能测试方法 第3部分：板式热交换器》与GB/T 27698.4—2011《热交换器及传热元件性能测试方法 笫4部分：螺旋板式热交换器》的内容（GB/T 27698.3—2011与GB/T 27698.4—2011均为2011年首次发布）。 引言 性能测试是确定热交换器及传热元件流动与传热特性的最准确的方法。为了保证性能测试有序开展，GB/T27698旨在确立普遍适用于热交换器及传热元件性能测试的测试系统、测试条件、数据处理方法及测试报告要求，拟由四个部分组成。 ——第1部分：通用要求。目的在于确立适用于各类热交换器及传热元件性能测试的测试系统、测量仪表、测量方法、数据处理方法及测试报告的通用要求。 ——第2部分：热交换器。目的在于确立各类典型热交换器性能测试时产品参数信息、测试程序、数据处理结果及测试报告要求。 ——第3部分：传热元件。目的在于确立各类典型传热元件性能测试的汽-气冷凝测试方法及产品参数信息、测试程序、数据处理结果与测试报告要求。 ——第4部分:空冷器噪声测定。目的在于确立空冷器噪声测定的测纸参数、测试环境、测试仪表、测试方法及测定报告的要求。 由于GB/T 27698不可能、也没有必要囊括热交换器及传热元件性能测试的所有技术细节，因此，在满足准确性要求的前提下，不限制本文件中没有特别提及的技术内容。 GB/T 27698不限制性能测试时采用先进的测试技术和测试方法，但工程技术人员采用先进的技术方法时，宜对其科学性与准确性做出可靠的判断。 热交换器及传热元件性能测试方法第2部分：热交换器 1 范围 本文件描述了热交换器性能测试程序、测试数据处理及测试报告要求。 本文件适用于管壳式热交换器（含套管式热交换器）、板式热交换器（含焊接板式热交换器、钎焊板式热交换器）、螺旋板式热交换器的性能测试试。 2 规范性引用文件 下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中，注日期的引用文件，仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件：不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用于本文件。 GB/T 151 热交换器 GB/T 27698.1 热交换器及传热元件性能测试方法第1部分：通用要求 NB/T 47004.1 板式热交换器第1部分：可拆卸板式热交换器 NB/T 47004.2 板式热交换器第2部分:焊接板式热交换器 NB/T 47045 钎焊板式热交换器 NB/T 47048 螺旋板式热交换器 3 术语和定义 GB/T 27698.1界定的以及下列术语和定义适用于本文件。 标准工况standard condition 设定的用于表征热交换器性能的工况条件。 定性温度reference temperature 计算时选取工质物性的参考温度。 注：通常选取工质进口、出口温度的算术平均值。 4 产品型号及试样参数 4.1 管壳式热交换器 4.1.1 管壳式热交换器测试时应明确产品型号及以下参数： a）壳程结构与几何尺寸； b）换热管形式与几何尺寸； c）换热管排列方式： d）管间距： e）折流元件的形式与布置； f）流程； g）管侧、壳侧的当量宜径； h）管侧、壳侧的流通截面积； i）换热管材质； j）传热面积； k）设计温度： 1）设计压力。 以上结构与设计数据的确定应按照GB/T 151和GB/T 27698.1的要求进行。 4.1.2 当产品型号或者1.1.1中a）〜g）任一参数发生变化时，应重新进行性能测试。 Foreword Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative. This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2020 Directives for standardization - Part 1: Rules for the structure and drafting of standardizing documents. This document is Part 2 of GB/T 27698 Test methods for the performance of heat exchangers and heat exchange elements. The following parts of GB/T 27698 have been issued: ——Part 1: General requirements; ——Part 2: Heat exchangers; ——Part 3: Heat exchange elements; ——Part 4: Measurement of noise from air-cooled heat exchangers; This document replaces GB/T 27698.2-2011 Test method for the performance of heat exchangers and heat exchange element - Part 2: Tubular heat exchanger, GB/T 27698.3-2011 Test method for the performance of heat exchangers and heat exchange element - Part 3: Plate heat exchanger and GB/T 27698.4-2011 Test method for the performance of heat exchangers and heat exchange element - Part 4: Spiral heat exchanger. In addition to changes in structure and editorial changes, the following main technical changes have been made with respect to GB/T 27698.2-2011, GB/T 27698.3-2011 and GB/T 27698.4-2011: a) The terms "standard condition" and "reference temperature" and their definitions have been added (see Clause 3); b) The product model and prototype parameters of the tubular heat exchanger have been modified (see 4.1.1 hereof; 3.1 of GB/T 27698.2-2011); c) Specifications on the effective representative range for performance test of the tubular heat exchanger have been added (see 4.1.2); d) The requirements for the number of plates installed in the plate heat exchanger (see 4.2.1 hereof; Clause 1 of GB/T 27698.3-2011); e) Specifications of product model and prototype parameters of the plate heat exchanger have been modified (see 4.2.2 hereof; 3.1 of GB/T 27698.3-2011); f) Specifications on the effective representative range for performance test of the plate heat exchanger have been added (see 4.2.3); g) The product model and prototype parameters of the spiral heat exchanger have been added (see 4.3.1 hereof; 3.1 of GB/T 27698.4-2011); h) Specifications on the effective representative range for performance test of the spiral heat exchanger have been added (see 4.3.2); i) The time interval requirements for data acquisition at operating point of performance test for liquid-liquid phase-free turbulence (see 5.1.3); j) The liquid-liquid phase-free low flow rate performance test program has been added (see 5.2); k) The time interval requirements for data acquisition at operating point of performance test for vapor-liquid condensation have been added (see 5.3.3); 1) The time interval requirements for data acquisition at operating point of performance test for vapor-liquid flow boiling and evaporation have been added (see 5.4.3); m) The relative error requirements of heat balance for data acquisition of vapor-liquid flow boiling and evaporation performance test operating point have been deleted (see 3.2.3.3 of GB/T 27698.2-2011, 3.2.3.3 of GB/T 27698.3-2011 and 3.2.3.3 of GB/T 27698.4-2011); n) Pool boiling heat exchange performance test program has been added (see 5.5); o) The regulations on data processing of vapor-liquid condensation performance test have been modified (see 6.2 hereof; 4.2 of GB/T 27698.2-2011, 4.2 of GB/T 27698.3-2011 and 4.2 of GB/T 27698.4-2011); p) The regulations for data processing of vapor-liquid flow boiling and evaporation performance test have been modified (see 6.3, 4.3 of GB/T 27698.2-2011, 4.3 of GB/T 27698.3-2011, 4.3 of GB/T 27698.4-2011); q) The regulation of data processing for pool boiling heat exchange performance test have been added (see 6.4); r) The requirements for uncertainty have been added (see 7.3); s) The requirements for test report have been added (see Clause 8). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. The issuing body of this document shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document is under the jurisdiction of SAC/TC 262 National Technical Committee on Boilers and Pressure Vessels of Standardization Administration of China. This document was firstly released in 2011, and this edition is the first revision. It incorporated the contents of GB/T 27698.3-2011 Test method for the performance of heat exchangers and heat exchange element - Part 3: Plate heat exchanger and GB/T 27698.4-2011 Test method for the performance of heat exchangers and heat exchange element - Part 4: Spiral heat exchanger (GB/T 27698.3-2011 and GB/T 27698.4-2011 were both first released in 2011). Introduction Performance test is the most accurate method to determine the flow and heat exchange characteristics of heat exchangers and heat exchange elements. In order to ensure the orderly development of performance test, GB/T 27698 aims to establish a test system, test conditions, data processing methods and test report requirements which are generally applicable to the performance test of heat exchangers and heat exchange elements. It is planned to be composed of four parts. ——Part 1: General requirements, which aims to establish common requirements for test system, measuring instruments, measuring methods, data processing methods and test reports for performance test of various types of heat exchangers and heat transfer elements. ——Part 2: Heat exchangers, which aims to establish the product parameter information, test program, data processing results and test report requirements when testing the performance of various typical heat exchangers. ——Part 3: Heat exchange elements, which aims to establish the steam-gas condensation test method, product parameter information, test program, data processing results and test report requirements for performance test of various typical heat exchange elements. ——Part 4: Measurement of noise from air-cooled heat exchangers, which aims to establish the requirements for test paper parameters, test environment, test instruments, test methods and test report of noise measurement of air-cooled heat exchangers. It is unnecessary and impossible for GB/T 27698 to cover all the technical details for the performance test of heat exchangers and heat exchange elements, so under the premise of satisfying the accuracy requirements, the technical contents not specially mentioned in this document shall not be banned. GB/T 27698 does not ban the use of advanced testing techniques and methods in performance test, but engineers and technicians should make reliable judgments on their scientificity and accuracy when adopting advanced technical methods. Test methods for the performance of heat exchangers and heat exchange elements - Part 2: Heat exchangers 1 Scope This document describes the performance test procedure, test data processing and test report requirements of the heat exchangers. This document is applicable to the performance test of tubular heat exchangers (including sleeve heat exchangers), plate heat exchangers (including welded plate heat exchangers, brazed plate heat exchangers) and spiral heat exchangers. 2 Normative references The following documents contain requirements which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies. GB/T 151 Heat exchangers GB/T 27698.1 Test methods for the performance of heat exchangers and heat exchange elements - Part 1: General requirements NB/T 47004.1 Plate heat exchangers - Part 1: Plate-and-frame heat exchangers NB/T 47004.2 Plate heat exchangers - Part 2: Welded plate heat exchangers NB/T 47045 Brazed plate heat exchangers NB/T 47048 Spiral plate heat exchangers 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 27698.1 and the following apply. standard condition operating condition used for characterizing the performance of a heat exchanger reference temperature reference temperature of working medium physical properties which is selected during calculation Note: The arithmetic average of inlet and outlet temperatures of working medium is usually selected. 4 Product model and sample parameters 4.1 Tubular heat exchangers 4.1.1 If testing a tubular heat exchanger, its product model and the following parameters shall be specified: a) Shell pass structure and geometric dimension; b) Form and geometric dimension of heat exchanger tubes; c) Arrangement of heat exchanger tubes: d) Spacing between tubes; e) Form and arrangement of baffle elements; f) Flow path; g) Equivalent diameter of tube side and shell side; h) Actual internal area of tube side and shell side; i) Material of heat exchange tube; j) Heat exchange area; k) Design temperature; l) Design pressure. The above structure and design data shall be determined according to the requirements of GB/T 151 and GB/T 27698.1. 4.1.2 If the product model or any of the parameters a) ~ g) in 1.1.1 changes, the performance test shall be conducted again.