英文科技论文写作样式指南-标点符号之括号（parentheses）

英文科技论文写作样式指南-标点符号之括号（parentheses）

 

本文英文内容摘自

"Anne M. Coghill, Lorrin R. Garson. The ACS Style Guide: Effective Communication of Scientific Information, American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 2006"

第二部分（Part 2. Style Guidelines）

第9章（9. Grammar, Punctuation, and Spelling）

第123–124页

 

Parentheses

括号

 

Parenthetical   expressions contain information that is subsidiary to the point of the   sentence. The sentence does not depend on the information within the parentheses.

括号表达包含辅助句子要点的信息。这个句子不依赖于括号内的信息。

 

Ø  Use   parentheses for parenthetical expressions that clarify, identify, or   illustrate and that direct the reader.

Ø  使用括号作为插入语，以澄清、识别或说明并引导读者。

 

例1：The total amount (10 mg) was recovered by modification of the procedure.

例2：The final step (washing) also was performed under a hood.

例3：The curve (Figure 2) obeys the Beer–Lambert law.

例4：The results (Table 1) were consistently positive.

例5：Only 15 samples (or 20%) were analyzed.

 

Ø  Punctuate   after, not before, parenthetical expressions.

Ø  在插入语之后而不是之前加标点符号。

 

错误示例1：Compound 1, (7 mg) obtained by typical workup methods, was used without further purification.

正确示例1：Compound 1 (7 mg), obtained by typical workup methods, was used without further purification.

 

Ø  If a   parenthetical sentence is within another sentence, do not use a final period   within the closing parenthesis, and do not start the parenthetical sentence   with a capital letter.

Ø  若一个带括号的句子在另一个句子中，不要在右括号中使用终止句点，也不要用大写字母开头。

 

例1：Our results (the spectra are shown in Figure 5) justified our conclusions.

例2：Our results justified our conclusions (the spectra are shown in Figure 5).

 

Ø  If a   parenthetical sentence is not within another sentence, use a final period   inside the closing parenthesis, and start the parenthetical sentence with a   capital letter.

Ø  若一个带括号的句子不在另一个句子中，请在右括号内使用终止句点，并用大写字母开头。

 

例1：A mechanism involving loss of a CH radical followed by rearrangement was proposed. (The reactions are shown in Scheme 1.)

 

Ø  Use parentheses   to enclose numerals in a list. Always use parentheses in pairs, not singly.

Ø  在列表中用括号括起数字。总是成对使用括号，而不是单个使用。

 

例1： Three applications of this reaction are possible: (1) isomerization of sterically hindered aryl radicals, (2) enol–keto transformation, and (3) sigmatropic hydrogen shift.

 

Ø  Use   parentheses to identify the manufacturer of reagents and equipment.

Ø  使用括号标识试剂和设备的制造商。

 

例1：cobalt chloride (Mallinckrodt)

例2：a pH meter with a glass electrode (Corning)

 

Ø  Do   not use parentheses when citing a reference number in narrative text. In such   a case, the reference number is the point of the sentence, not subsidiary   information, and thus not parenthetical.

Ø  在叙述性文本中引用参考文献序号时，不要使用括号。在这种情况下，参考文献序号是句子的要点，而不是辅助信息，因此不要括起来。

 

错误示例：in ref (12), in (12)

正确示例：in ref 12

 

Ø  Use   parentheses in mathematical expressions as discussed in Chapter 11 and in   chemical nomenclature and notation as discussed in Chapters 12 and 13.

Ø  在第11章讨论的数学表达式中使用括号，在第12章和第13章讨论的化学命名法和符号中使用括号。