你喜欢学习吗？虽然有些人爱学习，但也有不少人觉得学习枯燥无味。研究表明，如果你觉得一个概念太难或太无聊，学起来也就会更困难。但是，我们生来就会学习，所以好好利用这个天生的能力吧！

词汇：philomath 爱学问的人

Are you the kind of person who hated school? Or are you more like Michael Nicholson, who can't stop learning? He currently has 30 degrees including 22 master's and a doctorate! If you're also passionate about studying, you might be a philomath – a person who loves to learn and study. The word comes from Greek with 'phil' meaning 'a lover of' and 'math' meaning 'learning'.

你是那种讨厌学校的人吗?还是你更像迈克尔·尼科尔森，学个不停?他目前拥有30个学位，包括22个硕士学位和一个博士学位!如果你也对学习充满热情，你可能是一个热爱学习和研究的人。这个词来自希腊语，“phil”意为“热爱的人”，“math”意为“学习”。

Humans are all philomaths to an extent – our brain is hardwired to be curious. We want to learn and understand, partly to make sense of the world but also because of something called neoteny. This is a term that refers to the juvenile characteristics of some animals, including humans, being retained into adulthood. One of these traits is neuroplasticity, which helps our brains stay flexible – this gives us the ability to learn throughout our lives. Many creatures which are genetically close to us, like primates, can't do this and only learn during their adolescence.

在某种程度上，人类都是哲学家——我们的大脑天生好奇。我们想要学习和理解，部分原因是为了理解这个世界，但也因为一种叫做趋向性的东西。这是一个术语，指的是一些动物，包括人类，保留到成年期的幼年特征。其中一个特征是神经可塑性，它帮助我们的大脑保持灵活——这使我们有能力在一生中学习。许多与我们基因相近的生物，比如灵长类动物，无法做到这一点，只能在青春期学习。

But for every person who loves learning, there are plenty who can't stand it. Lots of people remember their school days as being boring or even pointless.Why is this? Educational anthropologists have suggested that if a concept or idea is too complex or dull, it becomes harder to link old and new ideas together. If that's the case, we lose motivation and absorb less information. This negative experience of education at school may lead to people avoiding learning opportunities in later life.  ­

但是对于每一个热爱学习的人来说，也有很多人无法忍受学习。许多人记得他们的学生时代是无聊的，甚至是毫无意义的。为什么会这样?教育人类学家认为，如果一个概念或想法过于复杂或沉闷，就很难将新旧思想联系起来。如果是这样的话，我们就会失去动力，吸收的信息也会减少。这种消极的学校教育经历可能会导致人们在以后的生活中避免学习机会。

So, don't let a bad educational experience prevent you learning something new as an adult. Evolution has made us lifelong learners, so take advantage of your biology and discover your inner philomath. Who knows what you could achieve?

所以，不要让糟糕的教育经历阻碍你成年后学到新的东西。进化使我们成为终身学习者，所以利用你的生理特征，发现你内心的哲学家。谁知道你能取得什么成就?

词汇表

master's 硕士学位
doctorate 博士学位
hardwired 天生的，本能的
curious 好奇的
neoteny 幼态持续
juvenile characteristics 幼年特征
retain 保留
trait 特征
neuroplasticity 神经可塑性
genetically close 基因相近的
primate 灵长类动物
adolescence 青春期
educational anthropologist 教育人类学家
concept 概念
complex 复杂的
motivation 积极性，动力
absorb 掌握
evolution 进化
lifelong learner 终身学习者

测验与练习

1. 阅读课文并回答问题。

1. True or False? Michael Nicholson has 22 degrees.

2. Which language does the word 'philomath' come from?

3. Why does the writer say 'humans are all philomaths to an extent'?

4. True or False? Neuroplasticity helps humans learn throughout their lives.

5. Why is it difficult to absorb information that is too complex or dull?

2. 选择意思恰当的单词或词组来完成下列句子。

1. A common _______ of children's TV is humour.

philomath                   characteristic               primate                     concept

2. Some exam questions were very _______. I couldn't answer them.

hardwired                   flexible                         complex                    lifelong

3. He struggles to _______ when he isn't interested in the subject. 

retain                          absorb                         link                            learn

4. After four years of studying, she graduated and got her _______.

traits                            evolution                     doctorate                  adolescence

5. The dog was _______ of the new food. He sniffed it before trying it.

curious                        educational                  master's                   pointless

答案

1. 阅读课文并回答问题。 

1. True or False? Michael Nicholson has 22 degrees.
False. He currently has 30 degrees including 22 master's degrees and a doctorate.

2. Which language does the word 'philomath' come from?
It comes from Greek with 'phil' meaning 'a lover of' and 'math' meaning 'learning'.

3. Why does the writer say 'humans are all philomaths to an extent'?
Because our brain is hardwired to be curious.

4. True or False? Neuroplasticity helps humans learn throughout their lives.
True. It helps our brains stay flexible.

5. Why is it difficult to absorb information that is too complex or dull?
Because it becomes harder to link old and new ideas together, so we lose motivation.

2. 选择意思恰当的单词或词组来完成下列句子。

1. A common characteristic of children's TV is humour.

2. Some exam questions were very complex. I couldn't answer them.

3. He struggles to learn when he isn't interested in the subject. 

4. After four years of studying, she graduated and got her doctorate.

5. The dog was curious of the new food. He sniffed it before trying it.

文章来源BBC，侵权删。