Udemy PS Chris Barin 63-68

 63.04-7.1 

Selections Explained 

解释选择工具

1. 字幕框选工具。拖拽框选之内范围内绘画编辑算数，纵使编辑涂抹到框选之外的，不留痕迹，换言之，编辑不影响框选外，只对框选内起作用。i'll drag out a selection, all these pixels that are contained in box. now the subject of my edits, nothing else will be affected. no matter how much i try to influence surrounding area, because it allows me to pinpoint where i want to work by isolating certain areas, colors, objects so on. 

2. 蚂蚁环线，仔细看看框选围起来形状，用来定义框选范围的。This intimate black line that constantly moves around defines selection. it's usually referred to as the matching ants. 

3. 有好几种选择方式。大致上，我们用框选，套索，快速选择，魔术棒，钢笔工具。in general, we'll use the marquee tool, lassol tool, quick selection tool, magic wands, pen tool.

4. 当我们继续还用于项目的时候，ctrl+D去选择。或者主菜单“选择-去选择”。you need to deselect with Ctrl+D, go to top menu, from select, go to deselect. 

5. 如果ctrl+S不小心同事按住Ctrl+A时候，就是同时选中画布了，但是如果距离太近看不到选中画布了，执行下一步ctrl+T变形，似乎快捷键没发挥作用，这时候应该想到是不是自己不小心把画布选中了。这样Ctrl+0退出，Ctrl+D去选择画布。然后针对对象继续变形选择。i'll add a rectangle on screen and say, i've used Ctrl+S and inadvertently hit Ctrl+A as well. now my canvas is selected, but i have no idea because i'm tool zoomed in. now i'll try to transform this rectangle with Ctrl+T, but nothing happens. because i have an active selection. photoshop doesn't let me enter free transform mode. when i double zoom out with Ctrl+0, and see if you have a selection active, in that case use Ctrl+D.

6. 羽化到0%？可以在选项栏选择羽化工具，创建新图层，可以用Alt+Delete，填充黑色，然后选项栏羽化，就可以看到羽化黑色，再羽化到50%，就可以看到柔化的边缘平滑的转变。selections can be feathered through this area from the optional bar, without a feather. i'll drag a selection and i'll create a new layer. now i'll use Alt+Delete, so i can fill it with black. there's nothing spectacular going on, if i increase feather value to 50 pixels, i repeat the process, the edge are soft and gradual smooth transition.

7. 为什么保持羽化50%状态下，出现错误提示呢？因为与你选择区域像素比较，羽化像素太高了，选的像素不够羽化的像素呢。建议羽化到0，这样可以选中范围，避免出现羽化调到很高，怎么选都提示错误对话框的情况。i'm constantly getting error. that's because feather value is too high, compared to region you're trying to select. when you're trying to select, there aren't enough pixels for program to feather, thus it isn't able to make it happen. so always take the feather back down to zero pixels. 

8. 创建选项区的好处，比如风景画对大地对天空不同区域用选择框保护，选框内的修改相互不干扰。to sum up, selection help you target specific areas with precision. they give you comfort by setting up boundaries, you can't go across because each image is different. 

64.05-7.2

Modify Selection

变形选择

1. 仅作用于光栅图层。首先如果你用V移动工具选择，可以通过剪切拖拽选出来，展示棋盘背景，这是因为图层下面什么都没有。为什么会出现这种情况？因为这是同一个图层，剪开一块，修修补补的。first, if you switch to move tool by V with an active selection on canvas, you can cut out that area by clicking and dragging. this will reveal cherkered background, there's nothing underneath layer, this only works on raster layer. why isn't helpful in format? because this area that was repositioned is still on the same layer, let's undo, this time use Ctrl J.

2. 这次用复制图层，剪切一块复制到另一个图层，下面棋盘格式不会暴露出来了。this time more useful. this command is used to duplicate a layer or folder. here it extract this selection to a new layer. this is much more useful. 

3. 用F12反转，或者主菜单“文件-反转”，或者画布任意空白处右键选择反转，这种是选择小区域，反转等于选择大区域。就是隔离一小块区域，选择剩下一大片区域用的。F12 revert, if the hotkey doesn't work. go to top menu, and click on file -revert, with another selection active, you can right click it and select everything else on the canvas, through this select inverse option. this is fatastic for situations where you have to affect a large image, except for the small part. 

4. 羽化，可以在选项栏里选择，可以在任何选择后，右键下拉菜单选择羽化。any selection can be feathered, even if you didn't use this in put field from the optional bar, no matter what tool you used to create a selection, you can right click and choose feather. 

5. 填充颜色，用ctrl/alt+Delete或者Shift+F5填充对话框，选择颜色。as we previously discussed, if you want to see its effect, you'll have to fill this area with color, use Ctrl or Alt along with delete key, alternatively, you can use Shift F5, and this bring up the fill command, choose any color, you'll now see feather effect. 

6. 选择-调节-边界-缩小。这三个选项是在一起的，顶部菜单选择调节 拓展，可以输入像素数值，这是PS如何加入到当前选项里，对话框输入50看看拓展到效果。if i want to include another two or three pixels in the selection. go to top menu and click on select from this list, choose modify expand, from this pupup input your pixel value. this is how much ps will add all around your current selection. here's how if go with something generous like 50 pixels so you can see difference. 

7. 选择-调节-缩小“应用效果作用于画布边界”。如果你选择好几个图层，该指令也没有热键，所以去主菜单“选择-调节-缩小”，该复选框勾选上，仅适用于你选择整个画布情况下。this works the other way around. you can contrust your selection, just in case you selected too much of your layer, this command doesn't have a hotkey either. so we'll have to use that top menu yet again, select modify contract, enter value and note this "apply effect at canvas bounds" is helpful only if you're using Ctrl+A to select entire canvas.

8. 选择-调节-边界，出现类似画框一样，填充上颜色，很漂亮。one last feature that creates and interesting look is border, this lies in the same menu system. let me bring it up and i'll show you how easy it is to get a nice effect going. now it's applied. here i'll fill it with white. 

9.  “自由变形”VS“选择变形”异同点。除了字面含义还有哪些不同呢？let me clear up any potential confusion if i right click, you will see two transform options, free transform and transform selection. their names tell their story. but i'd like explain it just to be safe. 

10. 热键Ctrl+T调取自由变形，可调节选择区域的大小，因2019版本默认锁定比率的调节大小，热键shift不维持横宽比。free transform is what you get when you press Ctrl+T, thus if you selected from this list, you'll be able to resize the selected area. please be aware that my selections aspect ratio is being perserved by default. that's because i'm using CC2019. hold down shift key, disable that new behavior, now you're free to adjust it however you want. 

11. 老版本的2018以及以前的，需要按住shift才能维持横宽比。和新版2019的功能相反的。using old version when you want to resize your selection, you have to hold down shift to maintain its aspect ratio. so depending on your version. 

12. 转化选择Ctrl+T调出调节的抓手来，调节的并不是实际的像素，右键获得调节的选项。once you enable transform selection, you'll get similar handles like you get with Ctrl+T. only this time you're only adjusting your selection and not your actual pixels. as you right click, you'll get all sorts of options we've talked about already.

13. 最常用的选项是扭曲。看鼠标到调节的边缘就变化了，按住Ctrl键，调节边缘又变化了。 用于手动调节不规则形状。as i go over my edge, my cursor changes, PS tells me i can grab this area and full around with it, but if i hold down Ctrl key, this change my cursor yet again. i can adjust this selection to all sorts of irregular shapes in handy.

65.04-7.2 

Modify Selections 

调节选择

1. 两种主要的框选工具都是不可或缺的。有四种，但是常用的是前两种。矩形选框和椭圆选框。the marquee tools are in dispensable for make. there're four in total but everybody uses first two, the rectangular marquee, elliptical one, the other two are useless and pointless.

2. 矩形框选工具的选择。热键是M，选择拖拽新选区域，Ctrl+D去选择。the hotkey is M, click and drag, you'll have a rectangular selection. new selection will appear. Ctrl+D to deslect the selection area.

3. 选项面板四个按钮分别介绍下鼠标形状和切换热键。in this option bar, you'll notice four icons, and one of them is active. let's explore them one by one.

4. 第一常规模式，画选区域的，光标没特点，this 1st one is the normal mode that creates a new selection every time you drag.

5. 第二加入模式，区域叠加的，不管区域相连与否，光标带加号。 the 2nd plus icon. when used, will automatically add to you selection. no matter where you draw on canvas. it can be next to it, or it canbe somewhere completely unrelated. my cursor has a plus symbol next to it.

6. 第三移除模式，区域相减的，光标减号。3rd icon, removes part of your selection. its hotkey is Alt, notice the minus symbol on your cursor. 

7. 第四交叉模式，留下交集点，但是很少用。光标剪刀。this is rarely used. few people use it. it's hotkey is both Alt and Shift, and you recognize it through this X symbol. this removes every part of selection except this intersection. 

8. 绘制大小参考数值怎么看？黑框内宽度和高度的数据。或者选项栏输入确切的像素数据。you can see size of your selection while you draw, W stands for width and H for height. so if you want it 300 by 400 pixel selection. you could use it like that.

9. 选中框内进行位移。note that if you have a marquee selected and you click inside and drag, you'll be able to reposition it. that only happen if you're inside the selection. 

10. 先点击后加Shift, 画个中规中矩正正方方方框。if you click add shift, you will constrain its aspect ratio. you'll get a square.

11. 先按shift, 点击拖拽，可以调出2号➕选框工具，给现有选框加入新选框。if you hold down modifier key shift, click and drag, you'll change marquee mode to 2nd one, which adds to existing selection. 

12. 四面拓展拖拽Alt ,中规中矩的从开始位置拓展Alt+Shift。click drag hold Alt in your selection will expand on all sides. if i move to the left, this election will go to right at the same time.  if you click drag and hold both Alt and Shift, it will grow your selection uniformly starting where you clicked.

13. 固定大小风格。比如输入精确的价值。  建议风格下拉菜单选择并保持“正常”。如果绘制选项内容，释放鼠标，按住空格键，这样移动的选框内容。但是如果不释放鼠标，按住空格键拖动，移动的是画布。另外一点，按住空格键别撒手哦，不然选框也不随心所欲的移动。fix size is useful when you want to input some specific value. simply click on that will create a selection, based on input.i recommend you keep style set at normal. finally, if you click and drag, but don't let go and you press space bar key, you will be able to freely reposition it on the canvas.  note that you have to keep space bar down, otherwise it won't work. 

66.02-7.4 

Elliptical Marquee 

椭圆形框选工具

1. 为什么“保持光滑”复选框需要被勾选上？因为当你放大看差别的时候，一个锯齿状的，一个平滑的，大部分人选择平滑效果的。so i recommend you always have the "anti-alias" checked. the smoothing of the edges. and it doesn't apply to straight one like the rectangular marquee tool create. 

2. 用shift创建圆环，用F5填充黑色。可以编辑填充。可以重复该过程，检测平滑选项是否开启。to see the difference, first you'll create a circle with the anti-alias off, hold shift to have perfect around. then you shift F 5 to fill it with black. you can also go to edit fill. now repeat the process, but first check the anti aliasing option up top. 

3. 解决的痛点是？如果想选这区域，如果不确定是不是到顶部。可以选择，去选择。if i want to select this area, i need to go some where in the upper left, though i'm not sure where i have to constantly hit Ctrl D to deselect and then remark my selection. 

4. 移动左上并且拖拽，别松鼠标按住空格，现在可以选择位置并且对齐。从左侧顶部，释放掉控股，拓展选择。按住空格键移动到位置。这是相对好的方式。go to the upper left and drag. don't let go and hold space. now you can move selection position it align it in one place. the top of left side, let go of space and expand your selection some more then hold space and move it into place. this is the best way to go about it. 

5. 另一个选择并非最有效的。用Alt shift拖拽，Alt帮助从原点拓展，shift帮助创建完美的圆，中心点尽可能接近客体中心。最后按住空格，移动客体。use the shift+alt. Alt make the selection expand from point of origin. shift helps you create perfect circle will make your selection expand from point where you clicked. take your best guess where centered of object. that's the other option you have hold three keys. hold the space bar down in total. now you reposition it.  

67.01-7.5 

Exercise hands on Marquees 

动手框选的练习题

1. 关键技能训练，训练前面学到的椭圆框选和矩形框选结合操作。although it seems daunting, everyting you need to solve it has been covered in previous lectures. by using two marquee tools we're just talked about nothing mind you. 

2. 不许投机取巧，作业流程要求是，框选出圆圈 方形，粘贴到白色背景上去，留有原来蓝色背景，不合格重新做。once you made your selection. use Ctrl J to duplicate it and place it above this white layer in your layer panel. make it visible and make sure you don't get any blue on them. if that the case, start again. 

3. 下节课讲解答案，建议自己动手做。i'll show you how to approach in the next lecture. please try it out for yourself. 

68.04-7.6 

Solution Hands On Marquees 

练习题答案

1. 其中第一个，M调取椭圆形框选，放大后，点击同时按“Alt+Shift”这样一个尽可能沿着中心覆盖该物体，然后用空格键移动位置。最后复制到白版上。Mgrab the elliptical marquee and zoom in really close, now approximate its centers click and drag, don't let go of your mouse, click and press "Alt+Shift" at sametime. this will allow you to move your selection perfectly covers circle. place this duplicate above white layer and enable it. 

2. 饼形图在同样操作锁定椭圆，同时借助矩形变形工具抓手拖到位，到位的标准是矩形内嵌套椭圆形。enlarge modifier key. as you enlarge it, you may want to release one of modifier keys from time to time, see if that helps in anyway. once you're happy with that outcome. 

3. 半圆先选中整个圆，再用矩形剪掉下半圆。需要注意要点1⃣️椭圆选中情况下切换到矩形选框，在开始拖拽前按住Alt，移除掉不需要的椭圆下半圆。2⃣️矩形可以选中离着半圆边界往外，不要选在半圆边界内。3⃣️原因是你还可以二次选择矩形专门切到半圆内平行线。 1⃣️your elliptical selection will remain active. now hold Alt before you start dragging. you'll need to grab entire region in order to remove it. because i'm holding Alt, my cursor has htis minus symbol attached to it. you can also use space bar key you can place it exactly where you need it. 2⃣️say it's safer to leave a few extra pixels rather than to cut into yellow shape. that's because 3⃣️ you can always create another rectangular selection with Alt key and remove that extra space. 

4. 圆形右上方方形的结合。圆形框选后右键变形调节，按住shift不偏不倚框选方形。i'll draw out an initial selection with elliptical marquee, right click and i'll choose transform selection. with the help of handles, i can adjust it without problem. now for the circle, it is standard at this point, now for square part, i switch to rectangular marquee, i'll use shift before i click on canvas, that will add to selection. i can copy it and place it at the top of layers panel.

5. 粉红色方形中间白色圆形。粉色方形摆对位置，椭圆形框选后做减法。 i'll initially use rectangular marquee to get a large pink shape. after pink rectangular is properly positioned. i'll switch to elliptical marquee, hold down Alt get minus symbol, spar bar move around until it right.