前　言

　　以下信息来自JABCECC官网THE CENTER - THE CANIDS OF THE WORLD模块，此模块介绍了部分犬科动物的外貌特征、生存习性、分布和保护现状。其中涉及的专业名词的编译仅做参考保留，不具学术上的谨慎性。内容有删改。

附离编译局 2023年7月

Canids of the World

世界犬科动物

We believe that every canid has a right to live, both as a species and as an individual.

我们相信每一只犬科动物都有生存的权利，无论是作为一个物种还是作为一个个体。

A canid is a mammal in the Family Canidae and includes wolf-like canids, fox-like canids, the South American canids, and a few special canids. Canids first evolved about 40 million years ago in North America. By using both the Bering sea land bridge and the bridge created by the uncovering of Central America, over a span of millions of years, they were able to greatly expand their range. Now, they extend the world over and inhabit all continents with the exception of Antarctica. A canid was the first domesticated animal. Yep man’s best friend, the domesticated dog, was the first domesticated animal. Canids vary is size, from the smallest, the fennec fox at about 24 cm (9.4 in) in length and weigh 0.6 kg (1.3 lb) to the largest, the gray wolf at up to 160 cm (5.2 ft) long, and can weigh up to 79 kg (174 lb). Some canids have a purely carnivorous diet (like the African painted dogs and dholes) and some are omnivores (coyotes and red foxes), but none are solely herbivores. This can be determined by their dentition that consists of sharp canine teeth and the carnassial (the upper pre-molar and lower molar) which are optimized for shearing meat and tendons. The upper is used for cutting and the lower carnassial is used for grinding. The ratio between the upper and the lower defines the canids dietary habits. Canids are often very social animals, living in large packs. Dholes have been know to have packs with up to 40 members. This social nature could explain why it was a canid that came out of the wild and formed a special partnership with humans. Canids are truly a treasure of the natural world. 

　　犬科[ref：canid，Canidae下的一个亚科]是一种犬科哺乳动物[ref：Canidae]，包括狼、狐和南美犬科动物，以及少数特殊的犬科动物。犬科动物最早是4000万年前于北美进化而来的。通过白令海陆桥和中美洲的发现所形成的海陆桥，在数百万年的时间里，它们能够极大地扩大它们的活动范围。现在，它们遍布世界各地，栖息在除南极洲以外的所有大陆。犬科动物是最早被驯养的动物，狗——人类最好的朋友——是第一种被驯养的动物。犬科动物的大小各异，从最小的耳廓狐[Fennecus zerda]，长约24厘米（9.4英寸），重0.6公斤（1.3磅），到最大的灰狼[Canis lupus]，长160厘米（5.2英尺），重79公斤（174磅）。有些犬科动物是纯肉食动物（非洲野犬[Lycaon pictus]和豺[Cuon alpinus]），有些是杂食动物（郊狼[Canis latrans]和红狐[Vulpes vulpes]），但没有一种是纯食草动物。这可以通过它们的牙齿结构来证实：它们有锋利的犬齿[ref：canine teeth]和裂齿[ref：carnassial]（上前臼齿[ref：upper pre-molar]和下臼齿[ref：lower molar]//），以适于撕裂和切断肌肉肌腱。上前臼齿用于切断食物，下臼齿用于研磨食物。上下臼齿的比例决定了犬科动物的饮食习惯。犬科动物通常营群居生活。豺以一个族群里可以有多达40个成员而闻名。这种社会性可以解释为什么它们可以脱离野性，并与人类形成特殊的伙伴关系。犬科动物确实是自然界的瑰宝。

The Dhole

豺

Hyālō! (Bengali for “hello”). My name is Ban Kutta, but you can just call me Ben. I am a Dhole (Cuon alpinus). I am sometimes called the Indian Whistling dog, Asian wild dog, and the mountain wolf.

　　Hyālō!（孟加拉语的“你好”）。我叫Ban Kutta，你可以叫我Ben。我是一只豺（Cuon alpinus）。有时我被称为印度口哨犬，亚洲野狗，以及山狼。

I am native to South Asia, which includes India and China and some other places as well. I am found in tropical, dry, and moist deciduous forest; evergreen and semi-evergreen forests; dry thorn forests; grassland–scrub–forest mosaics; and alpine steppe, but not in desert regions. 

　　我来自南亚，包括印度、中国[Errata：中国属于东亚国家]和其他地方。我生活在热带干燥或湿润的落叶林、亚热带常绿林和半常绿林、热带旱生林、林地草地交汇地带和高山草原，但不生活在沙漠地区。

I am a bit of a social butterfly, living in packs of up to 40 members.  My pack mates and I are very effective hunters.  We live largely on a diet of deer but with the help of my buddies I can take down pretty much anything. 

　　可以说我是一个交际花，生活在多达40个成员的圈子里。我和我的同伴是非常优秀的猎手。我们主要以鹿为食，但在我朋友的帮助下，我几乎可以对付任何东西。

 I usually weigh around 40 pounds and have dark brown and white hair. I am quite beautiful, if I don’t say so myself. I am the only member of the genus Cuon, which is genetically close to dogs and wolves, but I have unique anatomical traits. I have a convex skull and one cusp on my upper molars. This makes me pretty special.

　　我一般体重40磅[18.14kg]左右，有深棕色和白色的毛发。我很漂亮——我并不是想炫耀。我是豺属的唯一成员，在基因特征上我和狼很相似，但我有独特的生理特征：我的头骨凸出，上臼齿上有一个尖，这让我很特别。

 Unfortunately I am considered Endangered. There are likely fewer than 2500 dholes alive. We used to range through North America, Europe and much of Asia but no longer. People in my range often think I attack their domesticated animals, but in fact I rarely do. On account of this, we are persecuted. This means being poisoned, shot, snared and clubbed. We did nothing wrong so I hope this makes you as mad as it does me. There are some conservation groups devoted to educating people about us, like the JABCECC and some that focus exclusively on ensuring our survival. If you don’t know about us, you likely cannot help save us.

　　不幸的是，我是濒危动物。现有的豺可能不到2500只。我们过去的分布范围遍及北美、欧洲和亚洲大部分地区，但现在不是了。我活动范围内的人经常认为我会攻击他们牲畜，但事实上我很少这样做。因此，我们受到迫害。这意味着我被毒杀，被枪杀，被诱捕，被棍棒殴打。我们没做错什么，所以这应该让你和我一样愤懑。有一些动物保护组织致力于让人们了解我们，比如JABCECC，还有一些专门致力于确保我们存活。如果你不了解我们，你可能无法帮助拯救我们。

The Maned Wolf

鬃狼

Ola! (Portuguese for “hello”) My name is Mateo, and I am a Maned Wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus)!

　　Ola!（葡萄牙语的“你好”）我叫Mateo，我是一只鬃狼(Chrysocyon brachyurus)！

I am a native of South America. I live in the grasslands and dry scrub forests of Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay, and Northern Argentina.

　　我来自南美洲，生活在在巴西、玻利维亚、巴拉圭和阿根廷北部的草原和干燥的灌木丛中。

I am a shy and timid canid who usually lives a solitary life. I am an omnivore, which means I eat a combination of fruits (my favorites are wolf apples, bananas, apples and avocados), vegetables, and prey such as rodents, frogs and small birds. My nickname is “fox on stilts” because of my foxlike characteristics of a red coat, shaggy white tipped tail, big ears, and my exceptionally long legs. Reaching a height of three feet at my shoulder, I am the tallest wild canid on earth. Despite our name, maned wolves are not actually wolves. We are the only members of our genus and have features that definitely make us canids, but we are not closely related to wolves or foxes.

　　我是一只害羞胆小的狗，通常过着孤独的生活。我是杂食动物，这意味着我吃水果（我最喜欢的是巴西狼果[Solanum lycocarpum]、香蕉、苹果和牛油果），蔬菜，和啮齿动物、青蛙和小鸟在内的猎物。我的绰号是“踩高跷的狐狸”，因为我像狐狸一样，有红色的皮毛，毛茸茸的白色尾巴，大耳朵，还有特别长的腿。我的肩膀有三英尺[91.4cm]高，是地球上最高的野生犬科动物。虽然叫鬃狼，但其实鬃狼并不是狼。我们是鬃狼属中的唯一成员，我们的特征使我们成为犬科动物，但我们与狼或狐狸并没有密切的关系。

I am Near Threatened in my native habitat range. This is because of habitat loss, disease, and the incorrect belief that some of my organs can be used for medicinal purposes. My family and I are misunderstood and wrongfully persecuted. We have been hunted by farmers for many years who were concerned we were killing their poultry and livestock. Since my teeth and jaws are so small, it is hard for me to kill large prey, but I am often blamed anyways because of my intimidating size.  Some conservation groups are working on educating the local communities and protecting my home, so I have space to live.

　　我目前处于近危状态。这是因为栖息地的丧失、疾病、以及人们错误地认为我的一些器官可以用于治疗疾病。我和我的家人受到了误解和迫害。多年来，我们一直被农民猎杀，他们担心我们会杀死他们的家禽和牲畜。由于我的牙齿和下颚很小，我很难杀死大型猎物，但却经常因为我吓人的体型而受到指责。一些环保组织正在努力教育当地群众，保护我的栖息地，这样我就有生存的空间了。

Mexican Grey Wolf

墨西哥狼

¡Hola! (Spanish for “hello”) My name is Joaquin, and I am a Mexican Grey Wolf (Canis Lupus baileyi). I am sometimes called the lobo.

　　¡Hola!(西班牙语的“你好”)我叫Joaquin，我是一只墨西哥狼（Canis Lupus baileyi）。有时我被称为lobo[大灰狼之意]。

I am native to North America and I once lived in mountainous forests and scrublands in northern Mexico, southern New Mexico, western Texas, and southeastern Arizona. Currently, I am being released into these areas thru conservation programs. I am a sub-species of the Grey Wolf. Even though I am called a Grey Wolf, my fur is a mixture of grey, tan, rust, and black. We usually grow to be 50-85 lbs, making us the smallest subspecies of Grey Wolf. I am a carnivore, and I eat a balanced diet consisting of meat and more meat! I like to eat elk, mule deer, rabbits, ground squirrels, and other small mammals. If I am living in a populated area, I am nocturnal (active at night), otherwise I am diurnal (active during the day).

　　我来自北美，曾经生活在在墨西哥北部、新墨西哥州南部、德克萨斯州西部和亚利桑那州东南部的山区森林和灌木丛中。目前，我正通过保护计划在这些地区被恢复。我是灰狼的亚种。虽然我被称为灰狼，但我的毛色中有灰色、棕褐色、铁锈色和黑色。我们通常体重可达50-85磅[22.7kg-38.6kg]，这使我们成为灰狼最小的亚种。我是食肉动物，饮食均衡，包括肉和更多的肉！我喜欢吃马鹿、骡鹿、兔子、地松鼠和其他小型哺乳动物。如果我住在人口稠密的地区，我多在晚上活动，否则我多在白天活动。

 Our conservation status is listed as Endangered. We used to have populations in the thousands, but due to human encroachment only a handful of us remain by the 1970’s. Thanks to reintroduction efforts from zoos and conservation centers, we can again be found in Northern Mexico and the Southwestern United States. Our numbers are slowly growing, but we are still the most endangered wolf in the world. Humans are our greatest threat because we are hunted for pest control. Another threat we face is loss of habitat.

　　我们被列为濒危物种。我们曾经有成千上万只大的规模，但由于人类的入侵，到20世纪70年代，只有少数幸存下来。经过动物园和保护中心的重新引入，现在你可以在墨西哥北部和美国西南部再次找到我们。我们的数量正在缓慢增长，但我们仍然是世界上最濒危的狼。人类是我们最大的威胁，因为我们被作为有害动物捕杀。我们面临的另一个威胁是栖息地的丧失。

 Please help us by using your voice. Please vote to maintain preserves and state parks to prevent further loss of our home. Please protect my family and me by asking local, state and federal governments to stop the slaughter of wolves.

　　请你为我们发声。请投票支持保留自然保护区和州立公园，以防止我们进一步失去家园。请要求地方、州和联邦政府停止屠杀狼，以保护我的家人和我。

African Painted Dogs

非洲野犬

Jambo! (Swahili for "hello") Our names are Picasso & Van Gogh and we are African Painted Dogs (Lycaon pictus).

　　Jambo！（斯瓦希里语的“你好”）我们的名字是Picasso和Van Gogh[毕加索和梵高，均为著名画家]，我们是非洲野犬（Lycaon pictus）。

We are also known as African Wild Dogs, African Painted Wolves, or Cape Hunting Dogs. We are native to Southern and Eastern Africa and live in the savannah or sparse woodlands.

　　我们也被称为非洲野狗，三色豺，或海角猎犬//。我们来自非洲南部和东部，生活在稀树草原或稀疏的林地中。

We are very social and live in large packs. We are known to share food and even help our sick family and friends. We can grow to be about 40-80 lbs. Before our pack leaves for a hunt, we actually vote by sneezing! The more sneezes that occur, the more likely it is that we’ll go! Our packs hunt cooperatively for antelope, or larger prey like wildebeests. We will settle for birds and rodents if we have to. Ah-choo! Our coat patterns are very pretty, full of color and pattern variation. Our coats can be used to identify individuals since no two are alike.

　　我们非常喜欢群居。众所周知，我们分享食物，甚至帮助生病的家人和朋友。我们重达40-80磅[18.1kg-36.3kg]。在我们的族群外出狩猎之前，我们会通过打喷嚏来投票！打喷嚏的次数越多，我们就越有可能去！我们的族群会合作猎取羚羊或角马等较大的猎物，如果有必要，我们也会捕食鸟类和啮齿动物。阿嚏！我们皮毛上的图案非常漂亮，色彩丰富，图案多变。我们可以用皮毛来识别个体，因为没有两只的皮毛是相同的。

Painted Dogs are one of the most Endangered mammals in the world. Scientists who study us predict that there are only 3,000 to 5,000 of us left on the planet. Our populations are decreasing due to habitat loss, and fragmentation (the free space that we call home is shrinking and becoming separated). We are hunted by people who fear that we might harm their livestock. We are also exposed to diseases from domesticated dogs that our bodies cannot fight. People can help me by creating paths or corridors between wildlife preserves and teaching locals how to co-exist with us. Farmers can build bomas, which are homes for their livestock, to keep us out. Locals can also vaccinate their pets to prevent the spread of distemper and rabies

　　非洲野犬是世界上最濒危的哺乳动物之一。研究我们的科学家预测，地球上只剩下3000到5000只非洲野犬。由于栖息地的丧失和碎片化，我们的数量正在减少。我们被那些害怕我们伤害他们牲畜的人猎杀，也会感染我们无法抵抗的来自家犬的疾病。人们可以通过在野生动物保护区之间开辟小路或廊道来帮助我，并教当地人如何与我们共存。农民们可以建造“博马[ref：boma]”，那是他们蓄养牲畜的地方，把我们挡在外面。当地人也可以给他们的宠物接种疫苗，以防止犬瘟热和狂犬病的传播。

Arctic Fox

北极狐

Halu! (Inuktitut for “hello”) My name is Aurora. I am an Arctic Fox (Vulpes lagopus).

　　Halu！（因纽特语的“你好”）我叫Aurora。我是一只北极狐（Vulpes lagopus）。

Vulpes lagopus means “hair on feet,” which references the hair between the pads on my paws. I am native to Arctic regions in the Northern Hemisphere all over the world.

　　Vulpes lagopus的意思是“脚上的毛”，指的是我爪垫之间的毛。我来自北半球的北极地区。

I live in an underground burrow that helps protect me from the harsh arctic climate. I am the size of a large housecat, usually weighing about 6-17 lbs. My diet consists of small rodents, usually lemmings and voles, as well as fish, and other sea life. I have thick white fur in the winter and grey-brown fur in the summer to help me camouflage or blend in with my habitat. We Arctic foxes are monogamous and choose a mate for life.

　　我住在一个地下洞穴里，这有助于保护我免受严酷的北极气候的影响。我和一只大型家猫一样大，通常重约6-17磅[2.72kg-7.71kg]。我的食物包括小型啮齿动物，通常是旅鼠和田鼠，还有鱼和其他海洋生物。在冬天我会长出厚厚的白色皮毛，在夏天则褪变为灰棕色，以便伪装。我们北极狐实行一夫一妻制，一生只选择一个伴侣。

If you want to help us, please do not buy fur, support people who wear fur or fashion houses that sell fur. Our story does not end there. We are also experiencing the negative effects of climate change, and temperatures in the Arctic are rising twice as fast as the rest of the world. This is reducing sea ice and causing sea levels to rise. You can help my family (and yours) by fighting climate change! It might sound silly, but every little bit helps! If everyone made small changes in their lifestyle, the effects would be huge! Remember to turn off the lights when you leave a room and unplug rarely used appliances. Reduce your waste, reuse what you can, and recycle! Use re-useable items rather than single use. Walk or ride a bike when you can instead of taking the car, or setup a carpool. All of these things add up and will make a positive change! Thank you for being green for me and our planet!

　　如果你想帮助我们，请不要购买皮草、支持穿皮草的人或卖皮草的时装公司。我们所面临的困难并不止于此，我们也在受到气候变化所带来的负面影响，北极的气温上升速度是世界其他地区的两倍。这导致海冰减少，海平面上升。你可以通过应对气候变化来帮助我的家人（和你的家人）！这听起来可能不太现实，但一点一滴都有帮助！如果每个人都在他们的生活方式上做一点小小的改变，效果将是显著的！离开房间时记得关灯，拔掉不常用电器的插头。减少浪费，使用可重复使用的物品，而不是一次性物品。尽可能以步行或骑行代替驾车，或者拼车。所有这些事情的加和会产生积极的影响！谢谢你为我和我们的星球做出的贡献！

Our population is stable and we are of Least Concern for conservation. We were once greatly impacted by hunting for our lovely coats, but thankfully, this is becoming less common. Unfortunately, now we find ourselves living horrible lives and horrible deaths on fur farms around the world for vanity and the fashion industry.

　　我们的数量是稳定的，我们是无危动物。我们曾经因为我们漂亮的皮毛而受到很大的迫害，但幸运的是，这种情况正在变得不那么常见。不幸的是，现在我们在世界各地的毛皮农场过着可怕的生活并被残忍杀害，成为虚荣和时尚产业的牺牲品。

Coyote

郊狼

Hello! My name is Dusty, and I am a Coyote (Canis latrans)!

　　你好！我叫Dusty，我是一只郊狼（Canis latrans）！

I am native to North America and I live in open spaces and urban areas throughout most of the continent.

　　我来自北美，我生活在整个北美大陆的开阔地带和城市地区。

I am cathemeral (awake day or night), and I am most active at dawn and dusk. I only weigh about 18-45 pounds. My family and I are excellent runners and we can reach speeds of 40 miles per hour and jump a distance of 13 feet! I am omnivorous and I typically hunt for small animals like rabbits, rats, mice, gophers, and insects. Because I am a bit of a scavenger, I will also eat from your garbage can, or find any food or water that you leave outside for your pets. I’m really not picky, and who doesn’t enjoy a free meal? Sometimes if I’m really hungry, I might even go after your family pets. Unfortunately, your Chihuahua is a lot easier to catch than an athletic bunny, but there are things you can do to help avoid this.

　　我是曙暮性动物（在白天或黑天活动），我在黎明和黄昏时最活跃。我只有18-45磅[8.16kg-20.4kg]重。我和我的家人都是优秀的跑步运动员，我们的时速可达每小时40英里[64.4km/h]，跳到13英尺[3.96m]高！我是杂食动物，通常捕食小动物，比如兔子、老鼠、老鼠、地鼠和昆虫。因为我是一个拾荒者，所以我也会从你的垃圾桶里翻东西吃，或者吃你给宠物留在外面的食物或水。我真的不挑剔，谁不喜欢一顿免费的午饭呢？有时候，如果我真的很饿，我甚至会去吃你家里的宠物。不幸的是，你的吉娃娃比一只多动的兔子更容易抓住，但你可以做一些事情来避免这种事发生。

 My population is of least concern, but we are persecuted. There is a lot about us that is misunderstood. I almost always hunt alone, not in packs as many people believe. I am naturally timid. In many ways I am curious and can be playful just like your dog, but I really mean no harm. Since human housing continues to expand, we need to learn how to co-exist. If you live in my neighborhood, please keep your pets close and stay alert. I do not like confrontation and will usually avoid you. If we get too close for comfort, you should make and maintain eye contact, pick up your dog if possible, wave your arms, and make loud noises so I will go away. If this does not scare me off, I am likely protecting pups, my den, or food. Calmly take your pets and leave the area. Please understand that I am trying to live in your world, but you are taking over mine. If you respect me and my family, and try to eliminate things that attract us, we can greatly reduce negative encounters.

　　我是无危动物，但我们受到迫害。我们在很多方面都被误解了。我总是独自狩猎，而不是像许多人认为的那样成群狩猎，我天生胆小。在很多方面，我很好奇，也很顽皮，就像你的宠物狗一样，但我真的没有恶意。由于人类居住面积不断扩大，我们需要学会如何共存。如果你住在我家附近，请让你的宠物在你身边，保持警惕。我不喜欢对抗，通常会躲着你。如果我们靠得太近而让你感到不舒服，你应该同我们保持眼神交流，如果可能的话抱起你的狗，挥舞你的手臂，大声叫喊赶我走开。如果这没有吓到我，我可能是在保护幼崽、我的巢穴或食物，这时冷静地带着你的宠物离开这个地方。请理解，我努力生活在你们的世界里，而你们却占据了我的世界。如果你尊重我和我的家人，并努力消除吸引我们的东西，我们可以大大减少负面的接触。

Golden Jackal

金豺

Bună! (Romanian for “hello”). My name is Jackie. I am a Golden Jackal, (Canis aureus). 

　　Bună!（罗马尼亚语的“你好”）。我叫Jackie。我是一只金豺(Canis aureus)。

I am native to Southeast Europe and all the way to Southern Asia. I am found in valleys, beside rivers and their tributaries, canals, lakes, and seashores and even in forests and on low mountains. I avoid desert areas because frankly, just thinking about them makes me thirsty. On account of having such a wide range and living in many different habitats, there are at least 7 different subspecies of blokes like myself.

　　我来自东南欧到南亚一带。生活在山谷里、河流及其支流旁、运河边、湖泊边、海边，甚至在森林里，在低矮的山上，都能找到我的身影。我不生活在沙漠地区，坦率地说，光是想到沙漠就会让我口渴。由于种类繁多，我可以生活在许多不同的栖息地，像我这样的至少有7个不同的亚种。

I weigh around 30 pounds but we can weigh down to 13 pounds. I have an exquisite gold and grey coat and I know I am very pretty. I have a very good sense of smell, in fact even better than a dog. In Russia, they have bred golden jackals to dogs to create a hybrid canid for detecting explosives. So we are working to protect your lives...you’re welcome.

　　我大约30磅[13.6kg]重，但我们最轻可以重达13磅[5.90kg]。我有一件精致的金色和灰色的外套——我知道我很漂亮。我的嗅觉非常灵敏，实际上甚至比狗还灵敏。在俄罗斯，他们将金豺与狗杂交，创造出一种用于探测爆炸物的杂交犬种。所以我们正在努力保护你们的生命……不客气 ~ 

I am sometimes confused with some distant relatives in Africa called the black- backed jackal and the side-striped jackal, but I am actually more closely related to wolves and coyotes. I live in packs that generally consist of my mate and our offspring. My range is expanding because humans keep killing wolves, which is terrible. Now don’t get me wrong, if I see a wolf, I leave with great urgency. I could be prey for a wolf but I still think they are pretty cool.

　　我有时会被与非洲的远亲黑背胡狼和侧纹胡狼混淆，但实际上我与狼和郊狼的关系更近。我生活在一个通常由我的配偶和后代组成的群体中。我的活动范围在扩大，因为人类一直在猎杀狼，这太可怕了。别误会，如果看到狼，我会马上离开，我可能会成为狼的猎物，但我仍然认为它们很酷。

For reasons I don’t fully get, we have been talked about in ancient texts quite a bit. The Egyptian god Anubis had the head of a jackal. Jackals are mentioned in the Bible 14 times and in some religions we are considered the first animal created. I get that one, I have always thought of us as #1.

　　出于我不完全明白的原因，我们在古代文献中被提及过很多次。埃及神阿努比斯长着金豺的头。金豺在圣经中被提到了14次，在一些宗教中，我们被认为是第一个被创造出来的动物……我明白了，我一直把我们当做No.1。

We are not endangered but because we are so adaptable we sometimes live around humans, who can kill us because they are afraid. Now I only weight 30 pounds so I think you are overreacting a bit. It’s always drama with those humans.

　　我们是无危动物，但因为我们的适应能力很强，我们有时生活在人类周围，他们会因为害怕而杀死我们。我才30磅[不到30斤]重，所以我觉得你们有点反应过度了。那些人类总是好装腔作势。

New Guinea Singing Dog

新几内亚歌唱犬

Halo! (Tok Pisin for “hello”) My name is Huli, and I am a New Guinea Singing Dog (Canis familiaris halistromi).

　　Halo!（托克皮辛语的“你好”）我的名字是Huli，我是一只新几内亚歌唱犬（Canis familiaris halistromi）。

I am native to New Guinea, and have historically been found in the mountainous cloud forest and highlands. I am considered to be a primitive dog, or the “wildest domesticated dog.” Our origins are unknown. It is thought that we might have once been ancient semi-domesticated dogs brought to New Guinea by sailors, and then left there to become wild. We do not know if there are any more genetically pure Singing Dogs in the mountains of New Guinea.

　　我来自新几内亚，历史上曾生活在多山的云雾森林和高地。我被认为是一种原始的狗，或者是“最具野性的家养犬”。我们的起源是未知的。有人认为，我们可能曾经是古代半驯化的狗，被水手带到新几内亚，然后在那里变成了野狗。我们不知道在新几内亚的山区是否还有基因纯正的歌唱犬。

Little is known about my family in the wild because we can be so shy and elusive. It is thought that we live alone, or in small packs of 3-5. We like to eat small marsupials, birds, and reptiles. We are the apex predator in New Guinea. My Ambassador friends at the JABCECC, Nicky and Stumpy, enjoy dog food and chicken. We typically weigh 20-30 lbs. You might be wondering why we are called Singing Dogs. We can make sounds unlike any other dog, such as a trill, which is a quavering or vibratory sound. We also engage in chorus howls with other members of our sub-species. This is when multiple Singing Dogs will harmonize with each other, much like a barbershop quartet. We think it sounds absolutely beautiful!

　　很少有人知道我们的存在，因为我们是如此害羞和难以捉摸。人们认为我们是独居动物，或者以3-5只个体营群居生活。我们喜欢吃小型有袋目动物、鸟类和爬行动物。我们是新几内亚的顶级掠食者。我在JABCECC的大使朋友，Nicky和Stumpy，喜欢狗粮和鸡肉。我们一般体重20-30磅[9.07kg-13.6kg]。你可能想知道为什么我们被称为唱歌犬：我们可以发出不同于其他狗的声音，比如颤音。我们也会和我们亚种的其他成员一起合唱嚎叫。多只会唱歌的狗互相协作，就像理发店的四重唱[一种由四名男性歌手组成的合唱团体，通常以无伴奏的形式演唱]一样。我们认为这听起来非常美！

Our conservation status is Vulnerable, although if you consider us an entirely unique sub-species, we would be Endangered. In the 1950’s we were rediscovered in the highlands of New Guinea, and a few of us were brought into human care for a breeding program. The breeding program was created to keep our genetics pure, since western dogs were being brought to New Guinea. Challenges we face include habitat destruction, inbreeding, and mixed genetics with domesticated dogs. The managed population is believed to be around 300. You can help us by supporting the JABCECC. My friends here at the JABCECC are on the frontlines to help save our sub-species. They rescue, foster, and find homes for Singers like me and educate the public about how unique we are! They also work to conserve and preserve genetic diversity of my sub- species. Please help JABCECC save my family of living fossils!

　　我们是易危动物，然而如果你把我们看作一个完全独立的亚种，我们则是濒危动物。在20世纪50年代，我们在新几内亚的高地被重新发现，我们中的一些被带到保护中心参与人工繁育计划。自从西方的狗被带到新几内亚以来，这个育种项目的建立保护了我们基因的纯正。我们面临的挑战包括栖息地破坏、近亲繁殖以及家养犬造成的基因污染。受到看管的新几内亚歌唱犬数量据信在300只左右。你可以通过支持JABCECC来帮助我们，我在JABCECC的朋友们在第一线帮助拯救我们的亚种。他们拯救、收养我们，为像我这样的歌手寻找栖息地，并教育公众我们是多么的独特！他们还致力于保护我们亚种的遗传多样性，请帮助JABCECC拯救我们这一活化石！

Fennec Fox

耳廓狐

Marhaba.(Arabic for “hello”) My name is Felix, and I am a Fennec Fox (Vulpeszerda).

　　Marhaba.（阿拉伯语的“你好”）我叫Felix，是一只耳廓狐（Vulpeszerda）。

I am native to the Sahara Desert and other dry regions in Northern Africa and parts of the Middle East.

　　我来自撒哈拉沙漠和北非的其他干旱地区以及中东的部分地区。

I am the smallest canid in the world weighing in at approximately 2-3 lbs! I am nocturnal so that I can avoid the searing Saharan heat. I also have the biggest ear to body ratio which makes me quite cute (if I do say so myself). Besides adding to my cuteness, I use these rather large ears to help regulate my body temperature and cool me down as I sleep in my burrow during the daytime. I eat a diet of plants, rodents, insects and reptiles. I can go for a long time without water, because I get a majority of my moisture from the food I eat.

　　我是世界上最小的犬科动物，体重大约2-3磅[0.91kg-1.36kg]！我是夜行动物，这样我就能避开撒哈拉的酷热。我也有最大的耳朵与身体的比例，这使我非常可爱（至少我自己这样认为）。除了使我更可爱，我用这些相当大的耳朵来调节体温，白天睡在洞穴里时我用它降温。我的食物包括植物、啮齿动物、昆虫和爬行动物。我可以很长时间不喝水，因为我从我吃的食物中获得了大部分的水分。

I am listed as Least Concern, but perhaps this is because scientists and researchers are unaware of my conservation status. Since I live in such a harsh environment, it makes my family and me a difficult species to study in the wild and know for certain. Some of the threats we Fennec Foxes face include human encroachment, climate change, disease, and the pet trade. You can help me by being aware. Wild animals can be tamed, but do not make for good pets. If you plan on taking on a pet of any kind, please educate yourself first. What is the time commitment involved? What are its personality traits, veterinary, and dietary needs? How long does your potential new pet live, and are you willing to commit to it for its entire lifetime? Just because a wild animal is cute, does not mean it should be taken from its native habitat to be the perfect pet for you.

　　我被列为无危动物，但也许这是因为科学家和研究人员不清楚我的保护状况。我生活在如此恶劣的环境中，这使得我和我的家人成为一个难以研究和确定生存状态的物种。我们耳廓狐面临的威胁包括人类入侵、气候变化、疾病和宠物贸易。保持清醒头脑的你能帮到我——野生动物可以被驯服，但不能成为完美的宠物。如果你打算领养任何种类的宠物，请先学习相关知识：要有多大的时间投入？它的性格特征、医疗和饮食需求是什么？你的所谓新宠物能活多久，你愿意为它的奉献一生吗？仅仅因为一只野生动物很可爱，并不意味着它应该从它的原生栖息地被带走，成为你的完美宠物。

Murals by Max Higgins for the JABCECC.

感谢Max Higgins为JABCECC设计的壁画。

Come see them at the center and meet our canids!

快来中心看他们，见见我们的狗狗和狐狸！