经济学人2019.4.27/South Africa’s best bet/part2（完）
Our reasons are painfully pragmatic. The DA（Democratic Alliance） has the right ideas for fixing South Africa, but is in no position to implement them. It is still seen as the party of those who are white, Indian or Coloured (to use the local term for mixed-race). Because black South Africans are 80% of the population and mostly support the ANC(African National Congress), the DA cannot win (except at the provincial level—and here, we would enthusiastically endorse the da). For the national parliament, the crucial questions are: will the ANC win an outright majority? And will the election strengthen or weaken Mr Ramaphosa’s reforming hands?
我们的理由极其务实。民主联盟党在解决南非问题上有正确的想法，但却无法付诸实施。它仍然被视为白人、印第安人或有色人种的政党(用当地对混血的称呼)。由于南非黑人占总人口的80%，而且大多数支持非洲人国民大会，达坎诺不会获胜(省级选举除外——在这里，我们会热情地支持民主联盟党)。对于国家议会来说，关键的问题是:非洲人国民大会会赢得绝对多数吗?这次选举会增强还是削弱拉马福萨的改革之手?
词汇
Pragmatic/实际的；实用主义的
Parliament/议会，国会
If the ANC does badly, it will undermine Mr Ramaphosa and embolden the large faction within his party that would like to see him stumble. These are the bigwigs who profited from the Zuma years, and did not mind the race-baiting that the Zuma camp used to distract public attention from its own misdeeds. It also includes some of the party’s hard left, who regard Mr Ramaphosa as altogether too friendly to capitalism. Given a chance, Mr Ramaphosa’s ANC rivals would love to replace him with someone more pliable—and that would be disastrous.
如果非洲人国民大会效果不佳，这将会贬低马福萨的能力并且增长他的党内希望看他挫败的敌对派系的嚣张气焰。这些大人物从祖玛执政期间获利颇多，他们并不介意祖玛阵营利用种族煽动来转移公众对其罪行的注意力。它还包括一些党内的强硬左派，他们认为拉马福萨对资本主义过于友好。如果有机会，拉马福萨的非洲人国民大会对手们会很乐意用一个更软弱的人来取代他——而这将是灾难性的。
词汇
Embolden/ 使有胆量，使大胆
race-baiting/种族迫害
pliable/柔韧的；柔软的；
disastrous/ 灾难性的
If the ANC falls short of a governing majority and has to forge an alliance with a smaller party, things could be even worse. It might climb into bed with the Economic Freedom Fighters, a black-nationalist group that outdoes Mr Zuma in its racist demagoguery and disregard for economic reality. (It wants to seize all white-owned land, and nationalise mines, banks and other “strategic sectors” without compensation, for starters.) Such an alliance would foster an even more bloated, corrupt and ineffective state.
如果非洲人国民大会无法获得执政的多数席位，而不得不与一个较小的政党结盟，情况可能会更糟。它可能会与经济自由斗士(Economic Freedom Fighters)同床共枕，这是一个黑人民族主义团体，在种族主义煽动和无视经济现实方面胜过祖马。(首先，它想要没收所有白人拥有的土地，并将矿产、银行和其他“战略部门”无偿收归国有。)这样的联盟将催生一个更加臃肿、腐败和低效的国家。
词汇
Racist/种族主义者
Demagoguery/散布谣言；煽动行为；群众煽动
Seize/抓住；夺取；理解；逮捕
Nationalize/把…收归国有
The least bad plausible outcome, then, is for voters to give the ANC a solid majority, thus boosting Mr Ramaphosa and allowing him to shun the populists and face down the mafia within his own party. That way, he can continue the tough work of replacing useless Zuma appointees with law-abiding, competent people. Over the next five years he should also allow prosecutors free rein to hunt looters; break up Eskom’s power monopoly; enact a moratorium on job-killing regulations; take on the teachers’ unions that throttle education reform; and ensure that any land reform extends property rights rather than trampling on them.
因此，最稳妥的可能结果是，选民给非洲人国民大会一个稳固的多数席位，从而提升拉马福萨的地位，让他避开民粹主义者，并在自己的党内打击黑手党。这样，他就可以继续他的艰难事业，用守法、能干的人取代无能的祖马的任命者。在接下来的五年里，他还应该允许检察官自由地追捕抢劫者;打破埃斯科姆电力垄断;暂缓执行裁员条例;挑战扼杀教育改革的教师工会;确保土地改革是扩大而不是践踏财产权。
词汇
Shun/避开，避免；回避
mafia/黑手党；
rein/控制；驾驭；勒住[区分___ reinforce/加强，加固]
enact/颁布；制定法律
moratorium/暂停，中止；[金融] 延期偿付
throttle/压制，扼杀
The man Madiba wanted
马迪巴所渴求的人
There is a big risk that none of this will happen, that the ANC has grown so rotten that no one can reform it. However, Mr Ramaphosa’s record so far suggests that he is more likely than anyone else to accomplish what is necessary. South Africa cannot afford for him to fail; nor can the rest of Africa. Despite the wasted Zuma years, the rainbow nation still has the continent’s most sophisticated economy, vibrant civil society and feisty media. Having overcome apartheid without a civil war, it has long been an inspiration to the world. All this is now in jeopardy, but Mr Ramaphosa, the man Mandela originally wanted to succeed him, has a chance to save his legacy. He must not blow it.
有一种很大的风险,那便是什么事都不会发生,因为非洲人国民大会已经腐败到没有人能改革它的地步。然而，拉马福萨迄今的表现表明，他比任何人都更有可能完成必要的任务。南非不能让他失败;非洲其他国家也不能。尽管祖玛统治下的时代浪费的南非的大好青春，这个彩虹之国仍然拥有非洲大陆最先进的经济、充满活力的公民社会和活跃的媒体。它在没有内战的情况下克服了种族隔离制度，长期以来一直激励着世界。所有这些现在都处于危险之中，但是拉马福萨先生，曼德拉最初想要接替他的人，有机会挽救他的遗产。他不能搞砸了。
词汇
