《了不起的盖茨比》开篇试译①
在我更年轻、脆弱的时候,我的父亲给我一条忠告,至今仍在我心头萦绕。 “每当你想要批评别人的时候,”他对我说,“要记住不是所有人都曾拥有过你所拥有的优势。” 他没有再说更多了,但是我们俩却总能如此通气——以一种含蓄保留的方式,并且我也总能理解他所想表达的远不止那些。结果,我变得惯于保留对他人的评价而不说出,这种习惯使许多怪人向我敞开心扉,也让我成为那些老谋深算的厌烦之徒的攻击对象。当这种品质出现在一个正常人身上时,那些心智不正常的人将很快发现并对其穷追不舍。因此在大学时,我常常被不公正地指责为一名政客,因为我知悉了那些放荡的、不知名的人们的秘密的悲伤。这些隐私大部分并不是我主动寻求而得——当我通过明白无误的标志知晓又有一次倾诉衷情的迹象在喷薄欲出在地平线上时,我常常假装出一副恹恹欲睡、心事重重,或者敌对轻浮的样子;因为这些年轻人的倾诉衷情,或者至少他们表达的方式语言,通常是剽窃性的,并且其涵义常由于明显的刻意隐瞒而减损。以上,保留而不妄加评论是表示着无限希望的。我仍然惧怕着失去某种东西,如果我忘记了(如同我父亲带着优越性、势利性给我暗示的,而我又如此重复的那般)每个人的基本行为准则生来是分配不均的。 在以上对自己这般的宽容自吹自擂一番后,我也承认那是有限度的。人的行为可以建立在坚硬的岩石上,也可以是在潮湿的沼泽上,但是一旦超越了某点,我就不再在意它是在什么上面了。当我去年秋天从东部回来的时,我想要让世界上所有人都能如同军人一般,永远在道德上保持着立正姿态;我不再想要狂欢、放纵的游乐,或者荣幸地一窥他人内心深处的秘密。唯有盖茨比,赋予本书书名的人,不在我这种反应的对象中——盖茨比,真心代表着我所真心鄙视的一切。如果人格是一系列连续不断的成功姿态,那么这种人身上将有一种绮丽异彩的光芒照耀着,他对着生活的预示有着高度的敏感,仿佛他与一台复杂的、可以检测十万八千里以外的地震的仪器相连。这种响应性与那种美其名曰“创造性气质”的软绵绵的感性毫不相干——它是一种非凡且永葆希望的天赋,是一种浪漫性的敏感,之前我从未在别人身上找到这种气质,大概之后也不会有了。不——盖茨比到头来也无可非议,使我暂时对徒劳的悲伤和片刻的欢愉失去兴趣的,是那吞噬着盖茨比的人、是在他幻梦过后扬起的恶浊的尘土。 原文: In my younger and more vulnerable(
adj.脆弱的,易受伤害的,引申为阅历尚浅的
) years my father gave me some advice that I've been turning over(
反转,在此可以译作萦绕
) in my mind ever since. "Whenever you feel like criticizing(
动词批判
) any one," he told me, "just remember that all the people in this world haven't had the advantages that you've had(
all……not……,意为不是所有都
)." He didn't say any more but we've always been unusually communicative(
adj.健谈的
) in a reserved(
adj.保留的,冷淡的,含蓄的
) way, and I understood that he meant a great deal more than that. In consequence,I'm inclined(
incline.v.倾向,在此be inlined to可译为惯于
)to reserve all judgments, a habit that has opened up(
本意打开,在此译作敞开心扉
)many curious natures(
curious.adj.奇怪的,好奇的;nature.n.性格,种类,自然。在此nature加上s表示一类人
) to me and also made me the victim(
n.受害者,攻击对象
) of not a few(
not a few意为不少
) veteran(
n.老兵,资历深的人;adj.老练的
) bores(
形容词加s表一类人,故在此veteran bores意为老谋深算的厌烦之人
). The abnormal mind is quick to detect(
v.察觉,发现
) and attach itself to(
attach itself to 意为依附于,在此可作穷追不舍
) this quality when it appears in a normal person, and so it came about(
come about.发生
) that in college I was unjustly(
adv.不公正地
) accused of being a politician(
political.adj.政治的,故politician为n.政客
), because I was privy to(
privy.adj可以知情;n.厕所。此处be privy to意为知悉
) the secret griefs(
grief.n悲伤
) of wild, unknown men. Most of the confidences(
confidencen.信任,隐私,知心话;此处作隐私
) were unsought(
unsought.v未经请求
)--frequently(
adv.经常
) I have feigned(
feign.v假装
) sleep, preoccupation(
n.盘算,心事重重,忧心忡忡,一直在操劳的事
), or a hostile(
adj.敌对的,恶意的
) levity(
n.轻浮
) when I realized by some unmistakable(
adj.明白无误的
) sign that an intimate(
adj.密切的,亲密的;v.暗示;n.挚友
) revelation(
n.暗示,启示,启示录
) was quivering(
quiver.v抖动
) on the horizon(
n.地平线
)--for the intimate revelations of young men or at least the terms(
n.方式
) in which they express them are usually plagiaristic(
adj.剽窃性的
) and marred(
v.减损
) by obvious suppressions(
n.压制,抑制
).Reserving judgments is a matter of infinite(
adj.无限的
) hope. I am still a little afraid of missing something if I forget that, as my father snobbishly(
adv.势利地,优越地
) suggested(
v.此处作暗示
), and I snobbishly repeat a sense of the fundamental(
adj.基本的
) decencies(
n.行为准则,礼仪
) is parcelled(
v.分配,分包
) out unequally at birth. And, after boasting(
v.自吹自擂
) this way of my tolerance(
n.宽容,限度
), I come to the admission that it has a limit. Conduct may be founded on the hard rock or the wet marshes(
n.沼泽地
) but after a certain point I don't care what it's founded on.When I came back from the East last autumn I felt that I wanted the world to be in uniform(
n.制服,军装
) and at a sort of(
a sort of.一种
) moral attention(
此处作立正,结合全书,此处意思为作者希望世上所有人都永远处于道德上的立正
) forever; I wanted no more riotous(
adj.狂欢的,放纵的
) excursions(
n.远足旅行
) with privileged(
adj.荣幸
) glimpses(
n.一瞥
) into the human heart. Only Gatsby, the man who gives his name to this book, was exempt(
v.豁免,免除
) from my reaction--Gatsby who represented everything for which I have an unaffected(
adj.不受影响的,自然的,真心的
) scorn(
n.蔑视,鄙视
). If personality(
n.人格
) is an unbroken(
adj.连续的,不断的
) series of successful gestures(
n.手势,此处或作姿态用
), then there was something gorgeous(
adj.华丽的,艳丽的,极好的
) about him, some heightened sensitivity(
n.敏感
) to the promises(
n.此处作预示
) of life, as if he were related to one of those intricate(
adj.复杂的
) machines that register earthquakes ten thousand miles away. This responsiveness(
n.响应性,敏感性
) had nothing to do with that flabby impressionability(
n.感受性,敏感性
) which is dignified under the name of the "creative temperament(
n.品质
)"--it was an extraordinary gift(
n.此处作天赋用
) for hope, a romantic readiness(
n.敏捷,愿意
) such as I have never found in any other person and which it is not likely I shall ever find again. No--Gatsby turned out(
最后,最终,结果是,关掉
) all right at the end; it is what preyed(
n.捕食,此处prey on为以……为食
) on Gatsby, what foul(
adj.肮脏的,污浊的
) dust floated in the wake of(
in the wake of 在……之后
) his dreams that temporarily(
adv.暂时地
) closed out my interest in the abortive sorrows(
n.悲伤
) and short-winded elations(
短暂的欢愉,elations.adj.欢欣
) of men. 《了不起的盖茨比》一书距现在已有百年时间,其中词汇口语与当今有诸多不同,加之原文也多有使用各种长难句、暗喻双关之类,因此翻译难度极大,本人在翻译过程中也参照了许多其他译本。笔者才疏学浅,难免鲁鱼亥豕,若有错误,望大家指正。