《英语语法系统合集|七七》(笔记合集下)（7-12集 ）
《英语语法系统合集|七七》(笔记合集上)（1-6集）
目录
7.保姆级部分倒装，读后续写高分表达必备！（倒装上篇）
1.Why 为什么要倒装
2.what 倒装分几类
3. where 部分倒装难点
(1)N类
[1]常见词
[2]N类(否定类)倒装步骤
<倒装疑云之助be情>
<倒装疑云之 Not until>
(2)O类(only)
(3)''s''类
4.how 部分倒装用法
5.sum up 小结
(注:本节课主要讲的是部分倒装，完全倒装和特殊倒装在下节课中会讲到)
8.保姆级全部＆特殊倒装，让续写、应用文更高分！（倒装下篇）
1.全部倒装（完全倒装）
(1)全部倒装条件
(2)全部倒装信号词
2.特殊倒装
3.倒装应用
(1)全部倒装
(2)特殊倒装
9独立主格结构，两句歌词一唱就会用!
1.独立主格有什么用
2.独立主格怎么用
(1)转化方法
(2)基本结构
<不能省略being的情况>
10.“七氏语法秘籍”之保姆级强调句讲解、
1.强调句概述
2.强调句句型
1）It is/was + 被强调成分 + that/who + 其余成分照搬 (强调什么就把什么提前)
2）(强调句 + 疑问)
3） Not until型强调句
4）无法被强调句强调的谓语强调方法
3.小结
11.代词难点攻略，它比你想象的要复杂 | 讲练结合，速来挑战！
1.代词概述
(1)词性
(2)不同词表达的效果。
2.代词的分类
(1)人称代词 / 物主代词 / 反身代词 /
1)主格宾格的区别
2)形物代与名物代
<1>名词性物主代词约等于名词
<2>形容词性物主代词约等于形容词
<3>形物代 + 名词(单数/复数) = 名物代
3)什么时候用反身代词?
<1>做同位语表强调
<2>''主宾同源用反身‘’
(2)疑问代词 / 关系代词 / 连接代词 /
(3)相互代词 / 指示代词 / 不定代词 /
1)不定代词
2)指示代词
3.做题小结
12.【一英】保姆级虚拟语气，读后续写高分表达必备|手把手带你解虚拟“数学题“
1.虚拟语气是什么？
2.虚拟语气怎么解？
(1)时态倒退一步
(2)三种特殊情况
3.虚拟语气怎么用？(在写作与翻译中)
7.保姆级部分倒装，读后续写高分表达必备！（倒装上篇）
1.Why 为什么要倒装
作为一种语法手段，用于表示一定的句子 结构，或强调某一句子成分。
倒装的手法和一般疑问题的形式一致。
2.what 倒装分几类
倒装分为三类: 部分倒装,完全倒装和特殊倒装。
(1) Seldom does 77 sing in class.
将助动词/be动词/情态动词放在主语前, 为部分倒装。
(2) Here comes the sun.
谓语+主语,为完全倒装。
(3) Child as he is, he knows a lot.
主语加谓语形式，但语序不正常,为特殊倒装。
3. where 部分倒装难点
触发倒装的条件：
(1)否定词，否定短语，否定句型，放在句首是部分倒装。（N类）
[1]以下为常见词(规律:否定)
否定词如： Never/seldom/little/few/not/nowhere/rarely
否定短语:
By no means/at no time/in no wa/in no sense/in no case/on no account/ under no circumstances.
否定句型:(4个)
Not until.../not only...but also/ no sooner...than/hardly/scarcely/barely...when
[2]N类(否定类)倒装步骤
1)否定词/短语/连词放句首。
2)抽出'助动词/be/情态动词'放在主语前。
3)其余照抄
<倒装疑云之助be情>
例句:1. I know little that you were Romeo.
将little放在句首: Little did I know that you were Romeo.
使用一般疑问句可得到did I know,其余照抄: Little did I know that you were Romeo.
2. He is able to achieve success only by working hard.
这一句中将only by working hard(否定短语)放句首,再将be动词放在主语前,其余照抄可得到:Only by working hard is he able to achieve success?
3.（特殊） She is not only a teacher. but also she is a singer这句话转化为 Not only is she a teacher, but also she is a singer.
转化原因：该剧为主系表（主谓）结构。系表为谓语。(所以将系动词提前)
<倒装疑云之 Not until>
（关于not until翻译）
例句: Not until I found @Yiyinger did I fall in love with English.
其中, I found @Yiyinger为时间信息相当于一个简单的then.用正常语序交代时间信息就可以了,后面的 did I fall才是句子的核心动作，需要倒装。
(2)O类(only)倒装方法
Only加状语至于句首，部分倒装。
状语一般由副词介词短语状语从句充当。
例句：
1. Only then did I realize my mistake.
2. Only by working hard can we reap a good harvest.
3. Only when he returned could we find out the truth.
（ 为状语）
(3)''s''类
1) So did I. 与 So I did.
--- I got up early this morning. --- So did I..
--- You got up early this morning.--- So I did.
so/Neither/nor+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语，意为''....也(不)''
So+主语+助动词/be动词/情态动词，意为‘’....确实如此''。[在这种情况下不需要倒装]
2) So...that.../ such... that...
例句: 1.I was so addicted to learning that I often forgot my din ners.
-----> So addicted was I to learning that I often forget my dinners.
2. Learning is such an a addictive game that I oft.en forget my dinners
-----> Such an addictive game is learning that I often forget my dinners.
(照例将助动词/be动词/情态动词/提到主语的前面。)
3. He studies so hard that he got high marks in the test.
-----> So how did he study that he got high marks in the test.
4. He seems such a nice teacher that we all like him.
-----> Such a nice teacher does he seems that we all like him.
4.how 部分倒装用法
1)部分倒装强调动作发生时间或先后
例句:Not until the fire die out did he wake up.
2)部分倒装表情绪
例句: During the exam,so nervous was I that my mind went blank.
3)部分倒装表中心思想
例句: Only when Jane was in such helpless situation was she aware that her beloved Tom meant so much to her.
5.小结
部分倒装:
N 否定词/短语/句型
为何倒 O Only+状语
S So do I. ( So I do.不倒)
So/such...that...
怎么倒 助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语，同时应用一般疑问句辅助解题。
怎么用 强调动作发生时间或先后，
表情绪或中心思想。
8.保姆级全部＆特殊倒装，让续写、应用文更高分！（倒装下篇）
1.全部倒装（完全倒装）
倒装目的:为了强调时间地点方位这几种状语。
特点：当主语为人称代词时不倒装
倒装方法：先将要强调的状语放在第1位，随后跟上谓语，主语。
(1)全部倒装条件
全部倒装条件1：将表示方位或时间的副词或地点的介词短语置于句首，可触发全部倒装。
例句：
1.一哥冲出去了！
Out rushed @Yishu. （非人称代词）
2.他冲出去了！
Out he rushed. （人称代词）
3.接着出现了个新难题。
Then came a new difficulty.
4.墙上挂着一副泰山的画。
On the wall hangs a picture of Mount Tai.
全部倒装条件2：为了强调或平衡句子结构，分词,形容词,介词短语等作表语，可置于句首，为全部倒装。（主系表结构）
例句：
1.Gone are the days when everything went so slow.
2.Present at the meeting were professor Smith and his students.
3.On the second floor is a big cinema.
（在完全倒装中，一般不用进行时态，而是用一般现在时或是一般过去时）
(2)全部倒装信号词
有 there/here be/live/stand/lie/seem...
时间 now,then...
表语 Gone are the days when.../ Present at the xx... were...
地点 here,there,in front of,on the wall...
方位 up,down,in,out...
2.特殊倒装
倒装方法：将名词(去冠词)，形容词，动词原形,副词分词及后面的东西提到as/though前，其余照搬。
特点：As引导的让步状语从句必须倒装，though可倒可不倒，although不能倒装。
特殊倒装条件1: as/though引导的让步状语从句中，可将表语,动词原形提至句首，构成特殊倒装。(注意:表语为名词时，省略冠词a/an)
例句:1. (动词)Though I may try,I can never explain.
-----> Try though/ I may,I can never explain.
2. (名词)though he is a child, he knows a lot.
-----> Child though/ he is,he knows a lot.
3.(形容词)Though a sparrow is small,it has all the internals.
-----> Small though/ a sparrow is,it has all the internals.
(第2句中重点在于a child名词，第3句中重点在于small形容词)
4. Though the boy finished his homework, he could not go out to play.
-----> Finish though/as the boy did his homework,He could not go out to play.
5.(副词) Though he likes the car much ,he can't afford it.
----->Much though/as he likes the car, he can't afford it.
6.(分词) Though he is doing his homework, he can not help want to play computer games.
-----> Doing his homework through/as he is, he can not help want to play computer games.
3.倒装应用
(1)全部倒装
1)全部倒装用作过渡句，衔接句。
例句: (过渡句)
1.Here are some relevant details about it.
2.Here are some suggestions to help you learn English well.
(衔接句)
1. For a moment nothing happened.Then came voice all shouting together.(Then came a new difficulty.)
2)全部倒装用于凸显环境特点。
例句: 1. At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake,and near the lake are some farm houses,hidden in trees.
山脚下有一个美丽的湖，湖边有一些农舍，掩映在树丛中。
3)全部倒装用于描绘场景，引出重要人物/物件。
例句: At the front door stood her husband ,Tom,who suffered great anxiety when she was nowhere to find.
(2)特殊倒装
1)特殊倒装用于凸显人物不畏艰辛，努力突破困境。
( Exhausted as/though sb. was,Sb. still kept....)
例句: Exhausted as she was,She still kept yelling at the top of her lung.
2)特殊倒装用于描绘情感,或寄情于景,升华主题。
例句:
1.Cold as the weather was,they felt warm like the sun shining on their body.
2. Tired as we were, we taste the joy of labor.
3. Lose as I did,I got a lot of experience.
9独立主格结构，两句歌词一唱就会用!
1.独立主格有什么用
独立主格结构用处：修饰句子,使句子更加生动。
独立主格结构等于简化后的状语从句/并列句
特点： 自带主语,主句主语和从句主语不一致
例句:
1. A man came in，his face hidden by an upturned coat collar and a cap pilled low over his brow.
2. ''Don't stand in my way,'' Tom yelled out, his voice quivering with rage.
2.独立主格怎么用
(1)转化方法
经典例句:
1) The work (having been) done, we went tomorrow.
------> After the work had been done, we went home.(时间状语)
2) Whether permitting, they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow.
------> If weather permits, they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow.(条件状语)
3) An important lecture to be given tomorrow, the professor has to stay up late into the night.
------> As an important lecture will be given tomorrow, the professor has to stay up late into the night.(原因状语)
4) He was lying on the grass, his hands crossed under his head.
------> He was lying on the grass, and his hands were crossed under his head.(伴随状语)
【转为独立主格结构时,如果直接去除连接词，会违背英语中的‘’一个简单句只有一个谓语动词‘’，故去除连接词后需将其他动词变成非谓语。（主句保持原状）
直接根据他们和动作的主被动关系，以及是否需要强调动作先后顺序，来决定它采用哪种形式的非谓语。】
(2)基本结构
1)名词+to do 将作/to be done 将被做···
2)名词+doing主动做,正在做/being done 正在被做/
having done 已经做了/having been done 已经被做了
3)名词+done 被动 做
4)名词+形容词
例句: She sat down on the ground, her face pale with great pain.
(还原成) She sat down on the ground and her face was pale with great pain.[原句]
(或者) She sat down on the ground, her face being pale with great pain.[相比其他的doinog传递的''主动,进行''的意味,在这个语境当中，倒显得没有特意强调的必要性,所以可以直接将being省略掉。]
(最终变成) She sat down on the ground, her face pale with great pain.
5)名词+副词
She sat at the table,collar off, head down, and pen in position, ready to begin the long letter.(形容词ready作状语，后面可接不定式)(伴随状语)
6)名词+介词短语
例句:(这类独立主格结构，通常会省略名词前的冠词)
1. He was waiting, his eyes on her back.
2. The teacher came in, book in hand.
3. The soldiers dashed in, rifle in hand.
7)名词+名词(伴随状语)
例句:
1. The children in the mountainous school received many gifts, most of them books.
【简化:1）名词+非谓语
2）名词+（being+）形容词/副词/介词短语/名词。】
*8) With复合结构
在以上独立主格结构前加上with即可（基本如此）
在功能上比独立主格结构更强大
特点： 1.可以不用逗号隔开；
2.但名词前的限定词，即冠词和物主代词不能省略
3.介词with后人称代词用宾格
4. 除了状语,With复合结构还经常用来充当定语。
<不能省略being的情况>
1.当独立主格结构的主语是代词时。
例句1. It being Christmas, the government offices were closed。
2.用there be句型表示''有''的时候不能省略。
例句1. There being no further business, I declare the meeting closed.
3.习题集
10.“七氏语法秘籍”之保姆级强调句讲解、
1.强调句概述
强调句作为一种特殊句式，用于表示说话人的强烈的情感或意愿。
特点:拿掉固定句式后，剩下的部分仍然是一个完整的句子。
可以强调句子里的任何成分，除了谓语。
2.强调句句型
1）It is/was + 被强调成分 + that/who + 其余成分照搬 (强调什么就把什么提前)
例句: 1.Oh！it is @Yiyinger who sings to me to sleep every night.
2. It was I who heard the news in the library yesterday.(强调主语)
3. It was the news that I heard in the library yesterday.(强调宾语)
4. It was in the library that I heard the news yesterday.(强调地点状语)
5. It was yesterday that I heard the news in the library.(强调时间状语)
(被强调的部分需要在口语当中重读)
6. He won the first prize with the help of his teacher.
----------> It was with the help of his teacher that he won the first prize.
7. What's the headmaster once said at the meeting encouraged me to study harder.
----------> It was what the headmaster once said at the meeting that encouraged me to study harder.
2）(强调句 + 疑问)
例句:
1. It was in the library that I heard the news. 强调句 (强调地点状语)
Was it in the library that you heard that news? 一般疑问句 (将It was倒转一下即可)
Where was it that you heard the news? 特殊疑问句（where实际上代替了被强调的信息, where后加上去掉了地点的一般疑问句即可）
2. It was songs of love that I would sing to them. 强调句,强调宾语
（原句）I would sing songs of love to them.
Was it songs of love that you would sing to them? 一般疑问句
What was it that you would sing to them? 特殊疑问句
3） Not until型强调句
It was not until + 时间状语 + that sb. did sth./ sb./sth. was/were done
变换步骤
4）无法被强调句强调的谓语强调方法
例句 ：
1. I love English.
-----------> I do love England.
2. He told me the news in the library yesterday.
-----------> He did tell me the news in the library yesterday.
3. I believe that the heart goes on.
-----------> I (do) believe that the heart does go on.
3.小结
11.代词难点攻略，它比你想象的要复杂 | 讲练结合，速来挑战！
1.代词概述
(1)词性
1)在 This video 中， This对video起到了限定的作用。(限定词，说白了就是让人知道你说的是哪样[一定范围]事物的词)（因此代词的词性常常为限定词及代词[det & pron]）
【注:当名词前没有限定词时，它只是某类事物的统称。】
2) 可以代指一个事物，是名词性的,也可以是形容词性。
因此也就出现了(具有两种属性的物主代词)
名物代-----名词性物主代词
形物代-----形容词性物主代词
[题外话：名词前若没有代词，也可以使用冠词、数词、量词]
(2)不同词表达的效果。
1.Zhang shan watched a video yesterday.
Zhang shan watched another video yesterday.
Zhang shan watched some video yesterday.
2.Zhang shan watched my video yesterday.
Zhang shan watched the video yesterday.
Zhang shan watched those video yesterday.
语法错误:Zhang shan watched video yesterday.
(在第1组句子中,无限定[指定],无法说明张三看了哪些video)
2.代词的分类
代词可分为: (1)人称代词 / 物主代词 / 反身代词 /
(2) 疑问代词 / 关系代词 / 连接代词 /
(3) 相互代词 / 指示代词 / 不定代词 /
(1)人称代词 / 物主代词 / 反身代词 /
1)主格宾格的区别
代词在句子里做主语就用主格.
做动词或介词后的宾语用宾格。(即动宾和介宾)
2)形物代与名物代
<1>名词性物主代词约等于名词
例句: This is mine 约等于this is my video
<2>形容词性物主代词约等于形容词
例句: They are our fans 约等于 They are real fans.
<3>形物代 + 名词(单数/复数) = 名物代
My video = mine , Our fans = ours
3)什么时候用反身代词?
有两种用法
<1>做同位语表强调
例句: I think life itself is a learning process.
<2>''主宾同源用反身‘’
当宾语与主语的对象及形式可以相同时，宾语可以用反身代词。
例句1. As well as looking at exhibits,visitors can play with computer simulations and imagine themselves living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest.
例句2. When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find them alive.
(2)疑问代词 / 关系代词 / 连接代词 /
(3)相互代词 / 指示代词 / 不定代词 /
1)不定代词
都 任何 都不
两者 both either neither
三者或三者以上 all any none
some与any
其中some不仅能用于肯定句，还能用于疑问句，some代表着说话人期待得到肯定的回答，或者对回答比较肯定时使用。
例句： 肯定句 I have some questions.
疑问句 Could you find me some flowers on your way back home?
条件句 If you have some coins，you could...
否定句 I don't have any questions.
疑问句 Do you have any questions?
条件句 If you have any questions feel free to ask.
一个/一些 另外一个/一些 剩余的一个/一些
单数 one another the other
复数 some others the others
none的两个 特质
（1）none往往暗含着一定的范围，一般前文会交代一些人或物。当在他们当中没有一个人或一件事就用none。none可以被看成省略版的none of。
（2）none往往反映数量，所以它主要用来回答how much/many。
little与few
Q:哪个修饰可数？
Little不可数，few可数。
A:有a没a，肯定否定。
Little与few代表着一种否定的意味。
而A Little与A few代表肯定,表示还有一丢丢。
2)指示代
使用：
第3句中，由于the weather不可数，故用that代替而不是The one.
注意点：
（1） The one和the ones都表示特指，可以指人也可以指物。（可以前修饰，也可以后修饰）
例句： I want the red one. = I want the red flower.
I want the ones on the desk. = I want the box on the desk.
（2）That和those也是特指，但他们只指物，不指人。并且只能跟后置的修饰语
例句： Population of China is much larger than that(the population) of Japan.
注：以上以上两点中（the one/that）均为同类不同物，若为同物，则用it。
3.做题小结
(1) 都 任何 都不
两者 both either neither
三者或三者以上 all any none
(2) 一个/一些 另外一个/一些 剩余的一个/一些
单数 one another the other
复数 some others the others
(3)none的两个 特质
1）none往往暗含着一定的范围，一般前文会交代一些人或物。当在他们当中没有一个人或一件事就用none。none可以被看成省略版的none of。
2）none往往反映数量，所以它主要用来回答how much/many。
(4) One = a/an + 单数/可数名词。
Ones = 复数名词。
The one = the + 可数名词。 (同类不同物)可以指人也可以指物
That = the + 单数/不可数名词。 (同类不同物)只指物，不指人
Those = the +复数(对象)/不可数名词。 (同类不同物)只指物，不指人
It = 同一个事物
12.【一英】保姆级虚拟语气，读后续写高分表达必备|手把手带你解虚拟“数学题“
1.虚拟语气是什么？
例句: 1. If it snows tomorrow, I will eat fried chicken and drink beer.(真实条件句)(真实的条件状语从句)(主将从现, 主句用将来时从句用现在时)
2.If it snowed tomorrow I would eat fried chicken and drink beer.(非真实条件句)(更像是一种希望，畅想未来，但是是不切实际的假设)
(因此虚拟语气总是和情态动词组合在一起,它的构成离不开情态动词)
(复习:四种谓语形式:1实义动词,2系动词,3情态动词+do,4助动词+do)
2.虚拟语气怎么解？
(1)时态倒退一步
1）条件句
与现在事实相反：1.If I am you ----> if I were you
( am变为were是规定)
2.if I have time ----> if I had time.
与过去事实相反： 1.If you followed my advice.
-----> If you had followed my advice.
与将来事实相反： 1.If it snows tomorrow.
(受主将从现影响)-----> If its snowed tomorrow.
2. If it is to snow tomorrow.
-----> If it were to snow tomorrow.
3. If it shall snow tomorrow.
-----> If it should snow tomorrow.
2）主句
与现在事实相反：1. I may choose Latiao----> I might choose Latiao
( am变为were是规定)
2. I will buy Latiao ----> I would buy Latiao
与过去事实相反： 1. You could make great progress.
-----> You could have made great progress.
与将来事实相反： 1. I may not go to school.
-----> I might not go to school.
（做题时先判断是否为虚拟语气[每晚CS]，再根据主句或条件式的格式进行做题。）（时态在句中，如now, last night ）
（主句若出现了have done，则一定不与过去事实相反。）
（虚拟语气中不会出现现在完成时和一般现在时。）
(2)三种特殊情况
三种特殊情况分别为：错综虚拟，含蓄虚拟，省略倒装虚拟。
1）错综虚拟
主句和从句的时间可以不一致。
例句： If I had gone to bed earlier last night, I would not be sleepy now.
条件句与过去事实相反，用过去完成时。
主句与现在事实相反，用 wmcs+do
2）含蓄虚拟
用介词,介词短语,副词,Without(没有...的话), but for(要不是), otherwise, or(否则,要不然), were, else这些词来替代 if条件句。
3）省略倒装虚拟
将普通倒装转化为省略倒装虚拟的方式。
<1>省略if
<2>把SHe提前到句首 (将来Should 过去Had 现在were)
<3>剩下全部照搬
(3)虚拟语气中常见表达
1） wish我多么希望。
If only要是...就好了!
As/if though似乎,好像
2） Would rather 宁愿
3.虚拟语气怎么用？(在写作与翻译中)
【翻译】要是没有老师给我们提供的支持和帮助，我们的演出不会如此成功
分析：与过去事实相反，条件句had done，主句mwcs+ have done.
初稿：
If our teacher hadn't provided support and help for us, our performance wouldn't have been so successful.
升级1：(含蓄虚拟)
But for the support and help provided by our teacher, our performance wouldn't have been such a great success.
升级2：(省略倒装虚拟)
Hadn't our teacher provided support and help for us, our performance wouldn't have been so successful.
4.题目集
(将普通倒装转化为省略倒装虚拟)
原句:If it should be fine tomorrow, we would go for a picnic.
<1>省略if
it should be fine tomorrow, we would go for a picnic.
<2>把SHe提前到句首 (将来Should 过去Had 现在were)
<3>剩下全部照搬
Should it be fine tomorrow, we would go for a picnic.
完结撒花 ♪(^∀^●)ﾉ
