20230513单词汇总

· dictate

o 1.V-T If you dictate something, you say or read it aloud for someone else to write down. 口授; 使听写

• Sheldon writes every day of the week, dictating his novels in the morning.
谢尔登每天都进行创作，在上午口述他的小说。

o 2.V-T If someone dictates to someone else, they tell them what they should do or can do. 指示; 命令

• What right has one country to dictate the environmental standards of another?
一个国家有什么权利规定另一个国家的环境标准？

• What gives them the right to dictate to us what we should eat?
是什么给他们权利来规定我们该吃什么？

o 3.V-T If one thing dictates another, the first thing causes or influences the second thing. 导致; 影响

• The film's budget dictated a tough schedule.
该影片的预算决定了紧张的拍摄进度。

• Of course, a number of factors will dictate how long an apple tree can survive.
当然，一棵苹果树能存活多久是由许多因素决定的。

o 4.V-T You say that logic or common sense dictates that a particular thing is the case when you believe strongly that it is the case and that logic or common sense will cause other people to agree. (逻辑或常识) 使人相信

• Logic dictates that our ancestors could not have held a yearly festival until they figured what a year was.
依照逻辑推论，我们的祖先在弄清1年是什么意思之前，不可能举行过每年一度的节庆。

o 5.N-COUNT Dictates are principles or rules which you consider to be extremely important. 原则; 规定

• We have followed the dictates of our consciences and have done our duty.
我们凭良心做事，尽了我们的职责。

at·tach·ment n. /əˈtætʃmənt/

1.[ CU] a strong feeling of affection for sb/sth 依恋；爱慕

•a child's strong attachment to its parents 孩子对父母的强烈依恋

2.[ CU] belief in and support for an idea or a set of values 信念；信仰；忠诚；拥护

•the popular attachment to democratic government 对民主政府的普遍拥护

3.[ C] a tool that you can fix onto a machine, to make it do another job （机器的）附件，附加装置，附属物

•an electric drill with a range of different attachments 配有各种附件的电钻

4.[ UC] the act of joining one thing to another; a thing that joins two things together 连接；连接物

•All cars built since 1981 have points for the attachment of safety restraints. 自1981年起生产的轿车都有安装安全保护装置的接头。

•They discussed the attachment of new conditions to the peace plans. 他们讨论把新条件加入到和平计划中去。

•They had to check the strength of the seat attachments to the floor of the plane. 他们需要检查座椅与飞机舱面固定接头的强度。

5.[ UC] ( BrE ) a short time spent working with an organization such as a hospital, school or part of the armed forces 暂时隶属于（某医院、学校、部队等）；短期在…工作

•She's on attachment to the local hospital. 她暂时在当地医院工作。

•a 4-month training attachment 为期4个月的培训

6.[ C] ( computing 计) a document that you send to sb using email （用电子邮件发送的）附件

· locus /ˈləʊkəs/

o N-COUNT The locus of something is the place where it happens or the most important area or point with which it is associated. 发生地; 相关点

• Barcelona is the locus of Spanish industry.
巴塞罗那是西班牙工业的发源地。

ˈrolling stock n.

[ U] the engines, trains, etc. that are used on a railway/railroad （铁路上运行的）全部车辆（包括机车、车厢等）

pre·roga·tive n. /prɪˈrɒɡətɪv/

( formal ) a right or advantage belonging to a particular person or group because of their importance or social position 特权；优先权

• • In many countries education is still the prerogative of the rich. 在许多国家接受教育仍然是富人的特权。

• • the royal prerogative (= the special rights of a king or queen) 君主特权

gal·van·ize v. /ˈɡælvənaɪz/

( Bre also -ise)

[ VN]

1.~ sb (into sth/into doing sth)to make sb take action by shocking them or by making them excited 使震惊；使振奋；激励；刺激

•The urgency of his voice galvanized them into action . 他急迫的声音激励他们行动起来。

2.( technical 术语) to cover metal with zinc in order to protect it from rust 电镀；给（金属）镀锌

•a galvanized bucket 镀锌桶

•galvanized steel 镀锌钢