TTC【双语字幕版】：西方文明的基础（S01E36：中世纪的政治传统-I）
2021-12-28 23:38 作者:HydratailNoctua | 我要投稿
05:32
England
- 1014: Swein Forkbeard conquers England
- 1016-1035: King Cnut
- 1042: Return of Edward the Confessor, ruled 1042-1066
- 1100-1135: Henry I
- 1135-1154: Stephen I
- 1154-1189: Henry II of Anjou
- 1189-1199: Richard Lionheart
- 1199-1216: John
11:49
France
- 1180-1223: Philip II
14:14
Political infrastructure, administrations, and institutions
- Thegns: key nobles, advisors
- Shire Reeves (Sheriffs): local officials
- Danegelds ("Dane Money"): Taxes; Protection money
- Exchequer: Chief financial branch of English government
- 1087, William carried out the massive Domesday survey
- "Itinerant Justices"
18:23
Middle class men were introduced to the royal administrations.
Magna Carta, stating that the king is not above the law
19:24
Feudal system
- Vassals provided auxilium et consilium (advice and aid in court and military ) to their lords.
- Vassals were given Feudum (fief), moral and legal protection
24:15
In England,
- 1265 and 1295, Parliament
- Chancery: Writing office and record-keeping office
- Treasury
- Comes Stabuli: "Count of the Stable"; Constable
27:16
In France,
- 987, Huge Capet comes to the French throne
- 987-1328, Capetian Dynasty
- 1226-1270, Louis IX (St. Louis)
assigned the land to royal family members instead of vassals (Appanages, large chunks of royal territory), unlike the feudal method in England. Therefore, French royal government was stronger than England's.
29:45
In England, a king was increasingly check and limited or at least potentially check and limited by parliamentary institutions.
In France, it Appears that monarchy is working its way away from mediating institutions and from sharing power.
