转载+翻译美国海军2016驱逐舰实战拦截反舰导弹
本文来自于USS Mason（DDG-87）驱逐舰维基百科。
Attacks off the coast of Yemen Edit
On 3 October 2016, Mason was deployed off the coast of war-torn Yemen (along with USS Nitze, USS Roosevelt, and USS Ponce) following an attack on the United Arab Emirates operated HSV-2 Swift.[9] According to an unnamed US Department of Defense official, the purpose for sending the ships was "to ensure that shipping continues unimpeded in the strait and the vicinity."[10]
马森号在2016年10月3日在阿联酋海域活动，此时正好是阿联酋海军的快速运输船遭到导弹袭击之后没几天的日子。
On 9 October 2016, Mason, operating near the Bab-el-Mandeb strait, was targeted by two missiles fired from Houthi-controlled territory. Both missiles fell short and crashed into the water.[11][12] The Houthi insurgency denied launching the attack on the warship.[13] The United States Naval Institute reported that Mason fired two SM-2 Standard missiles and one RIM-162 ESSM missile to intercept the two missiles as well as deploying its Nulka missile decoy. One of two U.S. defense officials cited anonymously added that it was not clear whether the incoming missiles had been shot down or crashed into the water on their own.[14] This marked the first recorded instance of ship-based anti-air missiles being fired from vertical launching cells in combat in response to an actual inbound missile threat (during the Persian Gulf War's Battle of Bubiyan, a British warship intercepted an Iraqi Silkworm missile though that ship was not equipped with VLS).[15]
2016年10月9日，马森号驱逐舰在曼德海峡航行的时候，遭用了胡赛控制区发射两枚导弹袭击，有人怀疑是伊朗制造的noor导弹，仿制于中国的c802导弹。胡塞武装否认此次袭击。根据报道两枚导弹射到美国驱逐舰的时候，有可能由于设定失误自行坠海，但是美军仍然发射了干扰弹，并且发射了标准二式导弹和essm导弹进行拦截。本次拦截也使得该次战斗成为了世界上第1次试图使用垂直发射导弹，在海上拦截反舰导弹。上一次实战中成功拦截反舰导弹，还要追溯到两伊战争时期，英国驱逐舰使用海标枪导弹拦截蚕式导弹（C601）。
On 12 October 2016 Mason was again targeted by missiles fired from Yemeni territory while operating in the Bab el-Mandeb strait.[16] Mason was not hit by the two missiles, which were fired from near the city of Al Hudaydah.[16] While the Navy is not certain whether the first incoming missile was intercepted or it just fell into the sea, officials claim Mason successfully intercepted the second missile at a distance of about 8 miles (13 km).[17] On 13 October 2016, the US attacked three radar sites in Houthi-held territory which had been involved in the earlier missile attacks with cruise missiles launched from USS Nitze.[18] The Pentagon assessed that all three sites were destroyed.[19]
10月12日马森号驱逐舰在同一海区再次遭遇到两枚反舰导弹的袭击。这两枚导弹中都没有打中目标，其中一枚有可能是因为设定失误或者遭遇干扰弹而坠海，而另一枚导弹被马森号驱逐舰成功在8海里处（正好是ESSM有效射程）击毁。为了报复此事件，美国人用驱逐舰上的战斧式导弹袭击了胡赛控制区内的几个雷达站。
On 15 October 2016, Mason was targeted in a third attack by five anti-ship cruise missiles while operating in the Red Sea north of the Bab el-Mandeb strait. The Navy Times reported the Mason fired a radar decoy, an infrared decoy, and several SM-2 Standard missiles in response, either neutralizing or intercepting four of the five incoming missiles. The Navy claims the fifth incoming missile was neutralized by a radar decoy launched from USS Nitze, after Mason alerted her to the threat.
2016年10月15日，马森号驱逐舰再次遭遇到5枚反舰导弹的袭击。这次马刺号驱逐舰使用的包括干扰弹，防空导弹在内的防防御武器进行拦截，其中有4枚被成功的干扰或者摧毁。最后一枚导弹是被旁边的一艘驱逐舰尼泽特号使用干扰弹干扰了。
由此可见，就算是最先进的宙斯盾驱逐舰，在面对80年代技术的亚音速反舰导弹的时候，仍然不能疏忽大意，而且考虑到反应导弹的体型较小，末端能够机动，用防空导弹进行拦截还是有一定的风险，最安全的还是使用软杀伤性武器，比如干扰弹，有源干扰机进行干扰。
这件事也反映出来，为何很长一段时间里，美国海军还在使用鱼叉反舰导弹，而并不像苏联一样开发出更加巨大的超音速反舰导弹。中小型的反舰导弹是（低于1吨）虽然速度不一定超过音速，但是由于它体积小，雷达反射截面小，能够在末端进行s型机动，所以在面对防空导弹拦截的时候，它被击中的概率更小一些。相反之下，俄罗斯那种较大的反舰导弹，如足有10米长，翼展足有1.6米的花岗岩导弹，由于飞行高度比较大，速度很快，而且在平飞过程中只能直线飞行，所以被雷达探测到距离也远，遭遇拦截的可能性也比较大。比较典型的例子就是中国在最近几年中的训练中，成功拦截过很多以现代级驱逐舰上装备的日炽导弹制造的靶弹。
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