[合集]10分钟速成课：社会学[Crash Course Sociology][

• 引入

起源：Auguste Comte,1800s,French philosopher.

他希望有: a systematic science for studying society; a way to investigate and solve basic problems.

然而,

现代社会学定义：the scientific study of society and human behavior

社会：a group of people who share a culture and a territory.

文化大可包容万象，小可细致入微。例如，个人的音乐取向与其race class neighborhood age experience school等有关。

• 社会学(broadest)∈社会科学

社会学区别于其他社会科学在于：looking for all kinds of patterns, at all aspacts of society(recurring characteristics/event)

特别是“sociological perspective”:

1.seeing the general in the particular.(by placing it in its wider social context)

2.seeing the strange in the familiar.(by thinking out of common sense)

"Common sense gets us through the world; but sociology knows what's ture."(常识可能有毒导致政策错误，社会学理性探究社会问题)

以上帮助我们看到以下问题(社会学中一些关键概念)：

1.social location----社会定位能影响个人抉择、学识、他人对己看法

[会助长社会边缘化 ↓]

2.marginalization：occupies a position outside the centers of power.

----常是racial，ethical，sexual，religious minorities，倾向更了解权力的运作 (因为被限制所以能感受到权力的界限)

[让我们注意到不平等这个事实]

3.power and inequality

• To sum up:

sociology的

背景：最初产生于18、19th经济政治社会massive upheaval的欧洲; the period saw the advent of mass democracy, the fall of kings, and the rise of the nation-state.

目的：understanding society、fixing social problems