多邻国世界语新版tips and notes Occupations 职业篇(中英对照)

Gender markers related to professions:
职业的性别标识
As mentioned in the Family lesson notes, nouns not relating to family have no base gender:
在之前的家庭篇中有讲过,和家庭无关的名词并没有性别之分:
aktoro : a male or female actor(男/女演员)
dentisto : a male or female dentist(男/女牙医)
In these cases, you may choose to explicitly make a noun feminine by adding -in :
因此在这种情况下,你要使用“-in”来把某个名词变成特指“阴性/雌性”的名词:
aktorino = a female actor (一个女演员)
dentistino = a female dentist (一个女牙医)
Be aware that in some Esperanto settings, when you use a term like aktoro or dancisto, people may assume that you are talking about a man. In this course, we will not routinely present the feminine form of professions.
要注意的是,在某些世界语设定中,当你使用aktoro或者dancisto这一类词的时候,人们可能会认为你所说的是男性。在本课中,我们并不总是给出职业的单词的女性形式。
However your responses using the feminine form when appropriate will be accepted as correct.
然而,在恰当的情况下,如果你使用了女性形式来回答问题,系统也会判定为正确

Studento and Lernanto
Studento - a student enrolled in a college or university.
Studento:在学院或者大学里就读的学生。
Lernanto - a learner, or anyone who is learning; a school pupil. Lernanto:学员,或者是处于学习阶段的人;学校学生

Fariĝi
Fariĝi means "to become."
Fariĝi意为“to become”。
Ŝia filo fariĝis kuracisto.
Her son became a doctor.
她儿子成为了一名医生。
Note that ŝia filo is the subject of the sentence, so of course it does not take the accusative -n ending. But why does kuracisto also not take the -n ending?
注意:“她的儿子”是句子的主语,理所当然地不用加上宾格词尾“-n”,但是为什么kuracisto这个词也不用加上“-n”词尾?
Remember that the accusative -n is used when the subject is in some way acting on the object of the sentence. But in this sentence, the son is not acting on a doctor, he is becoming a doctor himself.
当主语以某种方式对宾语作出行动时,我们要使用宾格“-n”。而在本句中,“她儿子”并没有对一名医生采取任何行动,而是他本人成为了一名医生。
We will learn more about the -iĝ affix in later lessons.
之后的课程里我们会学到更多关于后缀“-iĝ”的内容

Ŝajnas, ke ...
Ŝajnas, ke ... means "It seems, that ..."
Ŝajnas, ke ...的意思为“似乎......”
原文:www.duolingo.cn/skill/eo/Occupations/tips-and-notes
翻译:vanilo