20210426 文斯利代尔 必应壁纸

约克郡谷地国家公园 文斯利代尔 啊，英格兰北部约克郡谷地国家公园的田园风光。杜威的早晨，放牧的家畜，手工建造的干石墙，还有…奶酪?如果你是深受喜爱的英国动画《超级无敌狗狗》(Wallace & Gromit)的粉丝，那么你可能第一次听说约克郡的文斯利代尔(Wensleydale)，是因为那里有当地的奶酪。事实上，这对动画二人组对当地凝乳的喜爱是出了名的——华莱士喜欢凝乳，因为制片人认为这会让他的脸看起来“漂亮而有牙齿”——变得如此广泛，帮助文斯利代尔奶酪制造商避免了破产。除了奶酪，文斯利代尔和周围的约克郡谷地国家公园的另一种主要建筑是5000英里长的干石墙，几个世纪以来，它们在这片土地上纵横交错。这些墙是农民建造的，用来划定边界，澄清土地所有权，更实际的是，用来防止牛羊走散。这些墙被认为是“干燥的”，因为它们没有用砂浆将石头粘合在一起。较大的石头构成了墙体的基础，在这些基础上，较小的石头堆叠形成两个平行的墙面，同时建造。然后用更多的石头填充两面墙之间的空隙，剩下的部分由重力来完成。虽然这听起来很脆弱，但一堵建造良好的干石墙至少可以使用100年。

原文:

Ahh, the pastoral countryside of the Yorkshire Dales in Northern England. Dewey mornings, grazing farm animals, hand-built dry stone walls, and…cheese? Well, if you're a fan of the beloved British claymation series 'Wallace & Gromit,' then you may have first heard of this area of the Yorkshires, Wensleydale, because of its local cheese. In fact, the animated duo's notorious affinity for the local curd--which Wallace likes because producers thought it makes his face look 'nice and toothy'—became so widespread that it helped the Wensleydale cheesemakers stave off bankruptcy.Cheese aside, another staple of Wensleydale, and the surrounding Yorkshire Dales National Park, are the 5,000 miles of dry stone walls that have crisscrossed the landscape for centuries. The walls were built by farmers to delineate boundaries, clarify land ownership, and more practically, to keep their cows and sheep from wandering off. The walls are considered 'dry' because they were built with no mortar to bind the stones together. Larger stones form a base for the wall, upon which smaller stones are stacked to create two parallel wall faces, constructed simultaneously. More stones are then used to fill in the gap between the two wall faces, with gravity doing the rest. While that may sound flimsy, a well-constructed dry stone wall can last at least 100 years.

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