外刊高翻第22课
疫情下中国的“餐桌革命”：你愿意用公筷吗？
Virus Threatens Chinese Traditions of Chopsticks
and Family-Style Meals
At Chilli Kitchen in Beijing, spicy and mouth-numbing Sichuan dishes are laid out family style. Using red chopsticks, diners dive into steaming bowls of pork won tons bathed in fragrant chili oil and sesame seeds, and rummage through platters filled with dried red chili peppers to unearth juicy bits of roasted fish.
在北京的椒小厨餐馆，麻辣的川菜按照家中上菜的方式摆放。就餐者用红色筷子从热气腾腾的碗里夹起泡在香喷喷的辣椒油和芝麻里的猪肉抄手，在全是干辣椒的盘子里翻找多汁的烤鱼。
Sharing food is a central feature of how Chinese people, like many elsewhere in the world, convey affection. Parents pick up choice morsels and place them in their children’s bowls as an expression of love; children serve their grandparents to show their respect; and bosses do it as a gesture of magnanimity toward their employees.
和世界其他地方一样，分享食物是中国人传递情感的重要特征。父母夹起精心挑选的小块食物放在孩子的碗里，作为爱的表达；孩子们给祖父母夹菜以示尊敬；老板给员工夹菜是慷慨的姿态。
Now, concerns are growing that the country’s long tradition of sharing food could also accelerate the spread of the coronavirus. The government has zeroed in on a ubiquitous utensil: chopsticks.
现在，人们越来越担心，中国分享食物的悠久传统也可能加速新冠病毒的传播。政府瞄准了一个无处不在的器具：筷子。
1. Spicy and mouth-numbing 麻辣的
spicy = hot = 辣 / mouth-numbing 麻
2. Be laid out 被摆放出来了
family style （补语）家庭式的
3. Diner dive into用餐者用筷子插进去
4. Be bathed in xxx 浸在什么里面
5. Rummage through something =从什么里面翻找
6. To unearth something =把什么找出来（to unearth juicy bits of roasted fish在盆里挖烤鱼）
7. A central feature = a defining feature
8. How/ what 引出的表达，翻成中文时用名词来处理
EX: 我们的经验和教训 = what we have learned positive and otherwise
我们取得的成就 = what we have achieved
经商的方式 = how we do business
Where
EX: Where we are and where we need to be in China-US relation. = 如何评价中美关系的现状和前景
9. Choice morsels
Choice 精心挑选的 = select ex: a select package
Something of choice = 首选的东西
EX: They are our supplier of choice = 他们是我们首选的供应商
Morsel = 小块的东西
10. Serve somebody = 给谁上什么
Serve something = 上什么
EX: 翠花儿, serve the 酸菜 （pickled veggie）
11. Magnanimity = 慷慨的姿态，关爱的姿态，宽宏大量（在哲学层面上多）
12. 汉翻英的时候能不用people就不用people，没档次
13. Concerns are growing that the country’s long tradition of sharing food could also accelerate the spread of the coronavirus.
韩老师改写：Concerns are growing about how the country’s long traditions could accelerate the spread of the virus.
14. Zero in on = pinpoint on = focus 瞄准、定位
State news agencies are calling it a “dining table revolution.” Dr. Zhong Nanshan and Dr. Zhang Wenhong, outspokeninfectious disease experts who have become celebrities since the start of the outbreak, have voiced their support. The authorities across the country are running advertisements with slogans like: “The distance between you and civilized dining is just one pair of serving chopsticks.”
官方的新闻机构称其为“餐桌革命”。钟南山博士和张文宏博士都是直言不讳的传染病专家，自疫情暴发以来已成为名人，他们也表示了支持。全国各地的政府部门都在打出这样的标语：“你和文明饮食的距离，差一双公筷。”
Some restaurants and diners have heeded the call. They are offering discounts to diners who use serving chopsticks. In the eastern Chinese city of Hangzhou, more than 100 prominent restaurants have formed a “Serving Chopsticks Alliance.”
一些餐馆和就餐者已经响应了这一号召。他们为使用公筷的顾客提供折扣。在中国东部城市杭州，100多家餐饮名店组成了“公筷联盟”。
Still, resistance is strong. Many see sharing food with one’s own chopsticks as among the most authentic expressions of China’s communal culture and emphasis on family, no less integral than hugging is to Americans or the cheek kiss is to the French. Serving chopsticks are typically associated with formal settings, like banquets and meals with strangers.
尽管如此，阻力仍然很大。许多人认为，用自己的筷子分享食物是中国社会文化（社区型、共有型文化）和重视家庭的真实表达方式之一，就像拥抱对美国人或亲吻脸颊对法国人一样不可或缺。公筷通常与正式场合联系在一起，比如宴会，以及同陌生人吃饭。
1. Dining table revolution =
2. infectious disease = Communicable disease
3. NCD = non communicable disease 非传染性疾病
4. Internet celebrity= (internet) influenza = 网红 = KOL (key opinion leader)
5. Voice their support to = 支持什么东西
6. Run 灵活的小词，记住它
Run advertisement =刊登广告/ 发布广告
Run a trade surplus 贸易顺差
Run a trade deficit 贸易逆差
I have to run 5 tests on you. 我要给你做5个检查
7. civilized dining = 文明饮食
8. serving chopsticks = 公筷
9. heeded the call = 响应号召
heed = 对……作出回应，就是不光知道号召了，还作出了行动
response to the call 也没错，就是有点没档次
10. 餐饮名店 = prominent restaurants
11. 这里的Authentic = true = genuine， 但正宗只能用authentic
12. Communal culture 社区文化，集体文化，共有文化
Collective community
13. No less than 至少也是 as ……as
No less integral than … = as integral as … (否定比较)
14. Typically = 通常 = normally = usually
A small, recent experiment by government experts who found that the level of bacteria in dishes for which serving chopsticks were used was as little as 0.4 percent the level of dishes shared in the regular fashion.
不管怎样，政府专家最近做了一个小实验，发现使用公筷的情况下，盘子里的细菌含量只有正常使用筷子情况下的0.4%。
Sharing food with family and friends is just as deeply ingrained, and serving chopsticks are sometimes seen as undermining that expression of closeness. Just asking for the extra utensils can be awkward because it could imply that you think your fellow diners might be unwell.
与家人和朋友分享食物是一种根深蒂固的习惯，公筷有时被认为会破坏这种亲密的表达。仅仅是要求额外的餐具就已经显得很尴尬，因为这可能意味着你觉得共餐者可能不健康。
But unless a specific law is enacted, changing habits will be an uphill battle, particularly outside of the big cities.
但是，除非制定具体法律，否则改变习惯将是一场艰苦的战斗，尤其是在大城市之外的地方。
1. As little as / as high as/ as low as 这种表述要学会
2. 英文中百分比用 percent，一般不写%这个符号
3. Be deeply ingrained = 根深蒂固的 = be entrenched
4. A be seen as B
A be seen as doing
5. Closeness = intimacy 亲密关系
6. Fellow diner =共餐者
Fellow 这个词可以体现你的牛逼
EX：will providing fellow countries with assistance = 为其他国家提供帮助
Fellow 有同级、伙伴、一伙的概念，一视同仁
Fellow countrymen = 我的国民们
7. Unless = 除非
8. 制定 这个动词要一个萝卜一个坑，要看制定什么
制定法律 enact laws = make laws
实施法律 enforce laws
执法者 law enforcement personnel
9. Fight an uphill battle = an uphill battle to fight 打硬仗（形容任务艰巨也�️）
We have an uphill battle to fight. 我们要打一场硬仗
从山脚打到山头的仗
