欢迎阅读这篇文章！本次带来的是JA37 C"截击雷"。

本文约11000字（词）。

正文如下：

所属国家：瑞典🇸🇪

权重：10.7（街机） 11.0（历史） 11.0（全真）

等级：VII

所属类别：战斗机  喷气式战斗机

所需研发点：390000

飞机价格：1060000银狮

概述

The JA37C Jaktviggen is a rank VII Swedish jet fighter with a battle rating of 10.7 (AB) and 11.0 (RB/SB). It was introduced in Update "Direct Hit".

JA37C“截击雷”是一架七级瑞典喷气式战斗机，权重为10.7（街机）和11.0（历史/全真）。她登场于“直接命中”版本。

基本信息

飞行性能

减速板: 放下特殊襟翼来大幅降低飞行速度

最大速度：在 9 000 米高度 1 998 千米/时

回转时间25 秒

最高海拔12 500 米

瑞典航空发动机有限公司 RM8B

冷却系统：风冷

起飞重量19 吨

The JA37C, being primarily a fighter-interceptor, is not equipped with any armour plating. Fuel tanks comprise much of the fuselage and wing area, and a fire will usually mean death. The elevons on the wing handle both elevator pitch and roll, so losing even 1 will make the plane nearly uncontrollable. Avoid damage at all costs, as even a damaged non-critical component will likely cause drag, making flight performance worse. As with most top tier fighters, it becomes much more challenging to fly with even a slight amount of damage compared to lower tier planes.

JA37C主要扮演着战斗拦截机的角色，它没有任何装甲保护。油箱遍布于机身和机翼的大部分区域，一旦着火也差不多就寄了。机翼上的升降副翼同时控制升降舵的俯仰和滚转，因此即使失去一片副翼也会使飞机变得很难控制。不惜一切代价避免受损，因为即使是损坏非关键部件也可能会增加飞行阻力，从而恶化飞机的飞行性能。与大多数顶级战斗机一样，与低级飞机相比，擦破点皮也会要了飞机的老命。

详情

发动机能力

生存性与装甲

成员组1人

解体速度：620 千米每小时（起落架）

The JA37C, being primarily a fighter-interceptor, is not equipped with any armour plating. Fuel tanks comprise much of the fuselage and wing area, and a fire will usually mean death. The elevons on the wing handle both elevator pitch and roll, so losing even 1 will make the plane nearly uncontrollable. Avoid damage at all costs, as even a damaged non-critical component will likely cause drag, making flight performance worse. As with most top tier fighters, it becomes much more challenging to fly with even a slight amount of damage compared to lower tier planes.

JA37C主要扮演着战斗拦截机的角色，他没有任何装甲保护。油箱遍布与机身和机翼的大部分区域，一旦着火也差不多就寄了。机翼上的升降副翼同时处理升降舵的俯仰和滚转，因此即使失去一片副翼也会使飞机变得很难控制。不惜一切代价避免受损，因为即使是损坏非关键部件也可能会增加飞行阻力，从而恶化飞机的飞行性能。与大多数顶级战斗机一样，与低级飞机相比，擦破点皮也会要了飞机的老命。

改装件与经济

改装件

武装

进攻武器

JA37C可装备 :

· 以下两种配置二选一:

· 1 x 30 mm 阿登 m/75 机炮, 机腹安装 (150 发备弹)

· 1 x 30 mm 阿登 m/75 机炮 + 48 x 大口径对抗干扰物

挂载武器

JA37C可以选择以下武裝方案 :

· 无挂载

· 2 x RB24J 导弹

· 6 x RB24 导弹

· 6 x RB24J 导弹

· 2 x RB71格斗型 导弹

· 24 x m/70 破甲火箭弹

 自定义挂载

BVVD教你开飞机 

The Viggen is a simple and effective plane to use in realistic battles. You will notice on take-off it is a bit sluggish and won't accelerate very well, as it is heavy, but once you're above 700 km/h the thrust and aerodynamics help you accelerate better from here. The Viggen performs better compared to most fighters at lower altitudes (3,000 m and below) in terms of manoeuvrability and top speed. Taking advantage of your top speed, Pulse-Doppler radar and Skyflash missiles, you can be aggressive and hit the battle early and at low level to take out any attackers using your useful radar set with your SARH missiles.

If you want to be more conservative, you can hang with your team and go around the side. The Viggen has very high rip speeds, getting some altitude and coming into the fight at a supersonic dive can be very effective if you maintain your speed trying to find targets for your Skyflash missiles. If in a head-on, the Skyflash can hit targets about 6 km away at sea level if they don't change direction. It is usually very effective and hard to dodge the agile Skyflash if launched in a head-on at around 3km. The motor will still be burning and your missile will maintain energy to the target. If in Pulse-Doppler mode, the radar will no longer track a target if it starts to turn at a 90 degree angle (this is called beaming). The radar will lose lock and the missile will be unable to track if this happens. If you have enough time, you can potentially switch to the AIM-9J to try to get a lock behind the target from here, though keep in mind your enemy's countermeasures. In a last resort, you can use the gun, essentially an Aden, it hits hard, but it is very hard to aim due to its placement (under the fuselage) and the lack of tracers.

Try to stay out of any extended dogfight, especially if your opponent has any support. Though it is considerably manoeuvrable at all speeds, the Viggen won't do well in any dogfight with sustained turns, as it will just bleed too much energy and being too slow is almost certainly fatal. It is heavy, slow to accelerate and a big target. So get fast, and stay fast. Bringing a full tank of fuel is generally recommended as the Viggen's afterburner uses incredible amounts of fuel, though the engine is quite strong in a climb.

“截击雷“在历史模式下的打法可谓是简单粗暴。你会注意“截击雷”在起飞时略显迟钝，加速较慢，这是因为它自身很重，但是一旦你的速度超过700公里/小时，发动机推力和空气动力学可以让你的加速度更上一层楼。与大多数低空（3，000米及以下）战斗机相比，“截击雷”在机动性和最高速度方面表现更好。利用你的顶尖速度，脉冲多普勒雷达和“天空闪光”导弹，你可以在战斗初期采取攻势并打得激进些。在班长房则用你的多普勒雷达和半主动雷达制导导弹橄榄一切敌人。

如果你想打得保守一点儿，你可以和你的队友一起行动，然后到侧翼迂回。“截击雷”的掠袭速度非常高，如果你保持高速同时用“天空闪光”来寻找目标，那么爬高些并超音速俯冲接战将是非常高效的歼敌手段。如果迎面发射且被锁定方不改变航向，“天空闪光“可以击中海平面约6公里外的目标。如果在大约3公里处迎面发射“天空闪光“，那被锁定的倒霉蛋基本上是寄了。发动机仍将会持续出力，用以保证导弹命中目标所需的能量。当雷达处于脉冲多普勒模式时，如果目标开始以90度角机动，雷达将不再跟踪目标（这称为波束发射）。这种情况下，雷达无法锁定目标，“天空闪光”导弹也无法跟踪。如果你有足够的时间，你可以切换到AIM-9J，试着看能否锁定目标，但也要明白敌人的反制措施。在万不得已的情况下，你可以使用自带的阿登机炮进行格斗，它的杀伤效果很好，但是由于它的位置（在机身下方）且缺乏曳光弹，因此很难瞄准。

尽量避免长时间的混战，特别是如果你的对手有队友支援。虽然它在所有速度段下的可操作性都不错，但“截击雷”转弯掉速严重，而且速度慢下来就容易被做掉。“截击雷”的机体很重，加速又慢，可以说是一个大靶子。所以尽量快些提速并保持高速。尽管“截击雷”的发动机在爬升阶段很给力，但它的加力燃烧室是个吃油鬼，所以一般情况下建议带满油。

Pros and cons

Pros:

· High top speed of mach 1.21 at sea level（海平面最高速度可达1.21马赫）

· Competitive turning rate（回转率优秀）

· Agile with responsive elevons at higher speeds and a large rudder（高速状态下升降副翼和方向舵反应灵敏）

· Moderately heavy air-to-air payload; able to carry up to six under-wing missiles and has an internally mounted 30mm cannon（空对空荷载较高：可在机翼下方携带最多6枚导弹，在机腹内携带一门30毫米机炮）

· Can carry a respectable amount of countermeasures（可携带大量对抗干扰物）

· Comfortable to land thanks to a low stall speed, strong landing gear, and the ability to reverse the engine's thrust（得益于较低的失速速度，起落架强度较高以及发动机矢量推力可反转，JA37C降落起来会比较舒服）

· Potent radar set with access to both Pulse-Doppler and track-while-scan modes, with a lengthy search range（强而有力的雷达，扫描面积非常广，并同时拥有脉冲多普勒模式和拥有搜索并锁定模式）

· Access to the deadly RB71 semi-active radar missile which can out-turn the RB24J's on paper（可使用致命的RB71半主动雷达制导导弹，它在纸面能力上能甩开RB24J一条街）

Cons:

· Extremely poor energy retention during sustained turns, only made worse by its acceleration at low speeds（稳盘时掉能量很快，在低速加速转弯时表现尤甚）

· Fuel-thirsty afterburner（开加力耗油特别快）

· Lackluster performance at mid-to-low subsonic speeds and mediocre acceleration（在低速中速（亚音速）和中等加速度的状态时表现很差）

· Weak airbrakes（减速板一吹就折）

· Low ammo count for the 30mm cannon, which also completely lacks tracers in any of it's belts（30mm机炮备弹数量很少，而且没有曳光弹）

· Unconventional flaps which are mostly only useful during landings（着陆襟翼真的只能在着陆时用）

历史

背景

During the 1960s, advances in technology occurred rapidly alongside the aviation industry, paving the way for more complex and capable designs. In order to keep up with the rest of the industry, SAAB had to develop aircraft at a constant pace, often coming up with replacements before the predecessor had even entered service. The SAAB Viggen was sought to be the replacement for the A32A and was being considered as early as 1952. The decision of whether to make a fighter or attacker design continued for years. By the end of the '50s, project 1500 started to show potential, with a delta wing design capable of performing multiple roles through different versions. The wing design would allow for short-distance take-off and landings, following the BAS60 roadbase system requirements. These also included all-weather capability and full coverage of the 2,000 km Swedish coastline.

The 37-1 prototype took to the skies in February of 1967. The design still had to go through extensive modifying before the plane could reach the production line. The canards were angled, the wing adjusted, and the fuselage bent slightly. Much of the unorthodox appearance of the Viggen arrived from the extensive testing done on the first prototypes. When finalized, an order of AJ37 Viggens was handed over to F7 Skaraborg, becoming the first division utilizing the aircraft.

在20世纪60年代，迅速发展的航空工业和科技，为更复杂更强大的设计方案铺平了道路。为了跟上业内其他公司的步伐，萨博不得不以恒定的速度开发飞机，经常上一代飞机前脚刚服役，后续产品就推出了。萨博的"雷"是设计用来替代A32A的，早在1952年这一方案便被纳入了考量。但究竟是设计为战斗机还是攻击机讨论了数年。50年代末，1500项目开始显示出潜力，三角翼的设计布局能够根据不同的变种执行多种任务。三角翼设计允许短距离起飞和降落，符合BAS60道路基础系统的要求。"雷"还具备全天候作战能力和全面覆盖2000公里瑞典海岸线的续航。

37-1原型机于1967年2月首飞。在飞机抵达生产线之前，设计方案还必须经过大量的修改。鸭翼倾斜，机翼调整，机身轻微弯曲。"雷"的许多非传统外观都来自于对第一批原型机所做的大量测试。最终确定后，第一架AJ37"雷"被交付给了F7 skarborg。它成为第一个使用"雷"的师。

JA37

With the Viggen successfully replacing ageing attack and reconnaissance aircraft, the focus shifted towards the replacement of the J35 Draken. This required extensive modifying of the Viggen as a whole, as the requirements for an interceptor wouldn't be met with the powerplant and avionics used in the already existing variants. The project was extensive, redesigning most areas of the plane to fit these specifications. SAAB had to fit an internal gun, an air-to-air radar, and a new flight computer which allowed a real-time data-feed between ground stations and flight groups. One of the more complicated adjustments was the powerplant, where the engineers had to install an additional fan stage. This helped counteract the compressor stall the RM8 engine often experienced at high angles of attack, allowing the JA37 to dogfight more comfortably. These modifications were expensive, exceeding the set budget several times. But SAAB pressed on with the design until the version was fully developed.

随着“雷”成功取代老化的攻击机和侦察机，重点转移到J35“龙”的替换上。这需要广泛修改"雷"的整体，因为现有的截击机所有的改型使用的动力装置和航空电子设备均无法满足现实要求。这个项目改动十分巨大，为了满足军队的需求，其重新设计了飞机的大部分区域。萨博必须内置一门机炮，一个空空雷达，以及一个新的飞行计算机，以便在地面站和飞行组之间进行实时数据传输。其中一个比较复杂的调整是在动力装置方面，工程师必须在那里额外安装一个风扇。这有助于抵消飞机时常经历大迎角时引起的RM8发动机在压缩机相对风力不足而引起的失速，以此让JA37可以更舒适地进行空战。这些修改价格高昂，几倍于既定预算。但萨博公司坚持继续研发设计，直到该版本被完全开发出来。

The first completed JA37 flew on November 4th, 1977. The first service variants were delivered to F13 Bråvalla in June of 1980, while F17 Blekinge and F21 Luleå received theirs in 1981 and 1982 respectively. The JA37 would go on to be the most produced variant of the Viggen, with 147 aircraft delivered between eight different divisions. The JA37 was highly appreciated by those who flew it, and saw many modifications that extended its lifespan.

第一架JA37在1977年11月4日首飞。第一种现役改型在1980年6月被交付给了F13 Bråvalla，F17 Blekinge和F21 Luleå分别在1981年和1982年也接受了它们。JA37将继续成为“雷”生产最多的改型，在8个不同的师当中交付147架飞机。JA37受到了她的飞行员的高度赞赏，许多改进延长了它的服役寿命。

 JA37C

As the 80s came to an end, the Viggen platform began to require an overhaul to bring the capabilities closer to that of other countries. The Gripen project was still years away from being completed, so an upgrade program began that would involve all JA37 in continued service being upgraded to the JA37C standard. This package introduced countermeasures, and a new signal processor, allowing the radar to track more efficiently against enemy jamming. The radar could now follow multiple targets simultaneously and also display virtual targets to enhance pilot training. This variant of the JA37 would see use up until the end of the decade, still being a capable platform for its time.

 80年代结束后，"雷"需要升级大改，以使其能力接近其他国家的飞机水平。“鹰狮”项目距离完成还有数年时间，因此一项升级计划开始了，包括将所有正在服役的JA37升级到JA37C标准。这套升级包引入了对抗措施和一个新的信号处理器，使雷达能够更有效地跟踪敌人的干扰。雷达现在可以同时跟踪多个目标，也可以显示虚拟目标以加强飞行员训练。这种改型的JA37可以再战十年，并且在它的时代仍是一个相当具有升级改装潜力的平台。

研发历程

The requirements for a new aircraft with very high performance to replace the SAAB 35 Draken emerged in the early 1960s. In 1962, the design team of the SAAB company prepared a draft design of the SAAB 37 aircraft, built according to an exotic double delta wing. The project seemed interesting for military authorities , and SAAB received funding to fully develop a new fighter in four basic configurations. The last and most advanced version was the SAAB JA37 Jaktviggen fighter-interceptor, the development of which continued until the mid-1970s, which was associated with the improvement of the engine and the development of modern electronic equipment. The first flight of the experimental JA37 interceptor fighter took place in June 1974, and in 1979 the fighter began to be supplied for service. Until 1990, 149 JA37 Jaktviggen units were produced. The specific appearance made the aircraft of the J37 family a "calling card" of the Royal Swedish Air Force for a long time.

瑞典空军在20世纪60年代早期提出设计一款高性能的新飞机，以取代萨博35 “龙”。1962年，萨博公司的设计团队准备了一份萨博37飞机的设计草案，一架颇具异国情调的双三角翼飞机。该项目似乎引起了军事当局的兴趣，萨博公司得到了军方拨款，以全面开发一种具有四种基本配置的新型战斗机。“雷”系列的最后一种也是最先进的型号是萨博 JA37 “截击雷”战斗截击机，它的发展一直持续到1970年代中期，这与发动机的改进和现代电子设备的发展有关。试验型JA37战斗截击机首飞于1974年6月，并在1979年进入军队服役。截止到1990年，共计生产了149架JA37 “雷”。这种特殊的外观，使J37家族的飞机在很长一段时间内成为瑞典皇家空军的“名片”。

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