新概念3 lesson 1 笔记

At large 在逃的，未被捕获的

    Pumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America. 

类似的 bear-like animals  lady-like behavior  child-like simplicity  an angel-like girl Be found in 习语，产于，存在于,所以用的一般现在时 Which are 可以省略，关系代词做主语谓语动词是be

When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously. 

无灵主语 Reports came into  I thought of a good idea. A good idea came into my mind. A good idea flashed into my mind 在when时间状语从句中Reports 主语 came谓语 into London zoo宾语  That 是report 同位语从句为了句式平衡就隔开了 take ... seriously认真对待…… Spot 动词表示发现 in / on / to the south of ... Shanghai is in the south of China.在内 Vietnam is on the south of China.在外 Indonesia is to the south of China 中间隔着东西

However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the Zoo felt obliged to investigate, for the descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma were extraordinarily similar.

表示因为 语气较强可以放主句前，后，中 because  since as —— 语气较弱不能放主句首，可以放句中，句尾 for 要用逗号隔开 in that  —— now (that) 只能用现在式，可以放句首 feel obliged to do sth:觉得有义务/应该/不得不做某事。 felt是系动词，而obliged是形容词。这句话是系表结构 given by people作定语，修饰descriptions，相当于descriptions which were given by people，用这种分词结构的好处是：分词结构跟在名词后面，衔接更加紧凑 claim to have done ... 动词不定式的完成时，表示发生在前

The hunt for the puma began in a small village where a woman picking blackberries saw 'a large cat' only five yards away from her. 

Picking 非谓语主动，当后置定语修饰women 

It immediately ran away when she saw it, and experts confirmed that a puma will not attack a human being unless it is cornered. 

宾语从句中的will不是用来表示将来时的助动词，而是用来表示习惯性或动作特征的情态助动词，表示“就，就会，总是”之意，例： Mary will read for hours. 玛丽常常一连读书几小时。 human being是一个词组，意思是“人”

The search proved difficult, for the puma was often observed at one place in the morning and at another place twenty miles away in the evening. 

https://baike.baidu.com/item/系动词/3638954?fromtitle=联系动词&fromid=387904&fr=aladdin prove (to be)+adj/n 被证明是……/联系动词直接跟表语 -His injury proved (to be)fatal

-The operation proved (to be) a success

Wherever it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits. 

疑问词 + ever (whenever, wherever, whoever, whichever, whatever .) 有两个含义： 1.表示“无论…”引导让步状语从句 = no matter + 疑问词 No matter where it went, 2.表示“到底..”用于疑问句中。 'Whatever are you doing up here Bill?' asked the vicar in surprise. Wherever did you go yesterday? When ever am I going to see you again? 表示到底…可以分开 leave sth. behind把…留在身后；忘带；在…之后造成。 此处由于宾语a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits较长，如果直接将其放在谓语left之后，则会显得头重脚轻，因此此处将状语behind it放在句子中间，以平衡首尾。 a trail of: 一连串的

Paw prints were seen in a number of places and puma fur was found clinging to bushes. 

现在分词短语clinging to bushes用作puma fur的主语补足语。

Several people complained of 'cat-like noises' at night and a businessman on a fishing trip saw the puma up a tree. 

on a fishing trip：去钓鱼 那么同样的，去出差或是公干也能说成是“on a business trip”。

The experts were now fully convinced that the animal was a puma, but where had it come from ? 

Be convinced that 使某人相信，被动语态 convince sb. of sth.  原本有of 但是that 从句前不能有介词 除了下面这三种 in that except / but that ..

As no pumas had been reported missing from any zoo in the country, this one must have been in the possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape

had been reported” 根据上下文语境来看发生在

第二句中“

The experts were now fully convinced

”之前，所以用过去完成时态。 in the possession of sb. 被某人占有；属于…；为…所有。例： The keys are in the possession of the caretaker. 那些钥匙由管理员持有。 Missing 形容词，丢失的 Must have done 对过去的事情做肯定推测 对过去的事情猜测，语气没那么强 may / might have done  过去否定猜测 can not / could not have done You can't have been ill yesterday. I saw you going shopping with your wife. 注意辨析 should / ought to have done 应该做却没做 不应该做却做了 should not / ought not to have done  You should have finished your work yesterday. I shouldn't have shouted at you yesterday. manage to do 设法完成了某事

The hunt went on for several weeks, but the puma was not caught. It is disturbing to think that a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside

现在分词强调事务特征，过去分词强调人物感受 It is ... to think that .. 一想到…就…。that 做think的宾语从句 It is worrying to think that  It is exciting to think that  It is comforting to think that.