Qt+ECharts开发笔记（五）：ECharts的动态排序柱状图介绍、基础使用和Qt封装Demo
前言
上一篇的demo使用隐藏js代码的方式，实现了一个饼图的基本交互方式，并预留了Qt模块对外的基础接口。
本篇的demo实现了自动排序的柱状图，实现了一个自动排序柱状图的基本交互方式，即Qt调用js脚本操作html。
本篇demo使用Qt定时器方式，实现数据定时刷新自增，并预留出了定时器间隔参数。
像大数据网页常看的人口增长时间图，收入年度增长时间图等都是这一类。
Demo演示
ECharts代码效果调试
使用ECharts的在线调试器，先调试出大致预期的效果。
option = {
xAxis: {
max: 'dataMax'
},
yAxis: {
type: 'category',
data: ['特斯拉', '奔驰', '宝马', '理想', '蔚来'],
inverse: true,
animationDuration: 300,
animationDurationUpdate: 300,
max: 4
},
series: [
{
realtimeSort: true,
name: 'X',
type: 'bar',
data: [10,20,50,10,30],
label: {
show: true,
position: 'right',
valueAnimation: true
},
itemStyle: {
color: function(params) {
var colorList = ['#EE14FF', '#F092FF', '#FF61FE', '#A02F99', '#F00682']; /* 注意1：需要分号 */
return colorList[params.dataIndex]; /* 注意2：需要dataIndex，获取序号 */
}
}
},
],
graphic: {
elements: [ /* 时间标志 */
{
type: 'text',
right: 160,
bottom: 100,
style: {
text: '1970-01',
font: 'bolder 100px monospace',
fill: 'rgba(100, 100, 100, 0.25)'
},
z: 100
}
]
},
legend: {
show: false,
},
animationDuration: 0,
animationDurationUpdate: 1000,
animationEasing: 'linear',
animationEasingUpdate: 'linear'};
Qt封装动态ECharts
步骤一：静态html
此系列的标准html文件，因为是标准的所以对文件名进行了调整，改为eChartWidget.html。
<!DOCTYPE html><html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title>ECharts</title>
<script src="./echarts.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<style>
#main,
html,
body{
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
overflow: hidden;
}
#main {
width: 95%;
height: 95%;
}
</style>
<div id="main"></div>
<script type="text/javascript">
var myChart = echarts.init(document.getElementById('main'));
window.onresize = function() {
myChart.resize();
};
</script>
</body></html>
步骤二：初始化
void BarAutoSortEChartWidget::initControl(){
_pWebEngineView = new QWebEngineView(this);
_pWebEnginePage = new QWebEnginePage(this);
_pWebChannel = new QWebChannel(this);
QString filePath;#if 1
filePath = QString("%1/%2").arg(_htmlDir).arg(_indexFileName);#else
filePath = "qrc:/barAutoSortEChartWidget/html/eChartWidget.html";#endif
LOG << "file exist:" << QFile::exists(filePath) << filePath;#if 0
// 打印html文件内容
QFile file(_indexFilePath);
file.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly);
LOG << QString(file.readAll());
file.close();#endif
connect(_pWebEnginePage, SIGNAL(loadFinished(bool)), this, SLOT(slot_loadFinished(bool)));
_pWebEnginePage->load(QUrl(filePath));
_pWebEnginePage->setWebChannel(_pWebChannel);
_pWebEngineView->setPage(_pWebEnginePage);
// 背景透明// _pWebEngineView->setStyleSheet("background-color: transparent");
_pWebEnginePage->setBackgroundColor(Qt::transparent);}
步骤三：动态操作
重置
void BarAutoSortEChartWidget::on_pushButton_reset_clicked(){
initJs();}
刷新
void BarAutoSortEChartWidget::on_pushButton_flush_clicked(){
QString jsStr =
"var empty = {};"
"myChart.setOption(empty, true);"
"myChart.setOption(option, true);";
runJsScript(jsStr);}
开始统计（使用Qt代码）
这里预留了定时器间隔。
void BarAutoSortEChartWidget::on_pushButton_start_clicked(){
if(_timerId == -1)
{
LOG << ui->lineEdit_interval->text().toInt();
_timerId = startTimer(ui->lineEdit_interval->text().toInt());
_dateTime.setSecsSinceEpoch(0);
QString jsStr = QString(
"option.series[0].data[0] = 0;"
"option.series[0].data[1] = 0;"
"option.series[0].data[2] = 0;"
"option.series[0].data[3] = 0;"
"option.series[0].data[4] = 0;"
"option.graphic.elements[0].style.text= '%1';"
"myChart.setOption(option, true);"
)
.arg(_dateTime.toString("yyyy-MM"));
runJsScript(jsStr);
ui->pushButton_start->setText("停止统计");
}else{
if(_timerId != -1)
{
killTimer(_timerId);
_timerId = -1;
}
ui->pushButton_start->setText("开始统计");
}}void BarAutoSortEChartWidget::timerEvent(QTimerEvent *event){
_dateTime = _dateTime.addMonths(1);
if(_dateTime >= QDateTime::currentDateTime())
{
if(_timerId != -1)
{
killTimer(_timerId);
_timerId = -1;
}
}
QString jsStr = QString(
"option.series[0].data[0] = option.series[0].data[0] + %1;"
"option.series[0].data[1] = option.series[0].data[1] + %2;"
"option.series[0].data[2] = option.series[0].data[2] + %3;"
"option.series[0].data[3] = option.series[0].data[3] + %4;"
"option.series[0].data[4] = option.series[0].data[4] + %5;"
"option.graphic.elements[0].style.text= '%6';"
"myChart.setOption(option, true);"
)
.arg(qrand()%100)
.arg(qrand()%100)
.arg(qrand()%100)
.arg(qrand()%100)
.arg(qrand()%100)
.arg(_dateTime.toString("yyyy-MM"));
runJsScript(jsStr);}
清除数据
void BarAutoSortEChartWidget::on_pushButton_clear_clicked(){
_dateTime.setSecsSinceEpoch(0);
QString jsStr = QString(
"option.series[0].data[0] = 0;"
"option.series[0].data[1] = 0;"
"option.series[0].data[2] = 0;"
"option.series[0].data[3] = 0;"
"option.series[0].data[4] = 0;"
"option.graphic.elements[0].style.text= '%1';"
"myChart.setOption(option, true);"
)
.arg(_dateTime.toString("yyyy-MM"));
runJsScript(jsStr);}
Demo源码
BarAutoSortEChartWidget.h
#ifndef BARAUTOSORTECHARTWIDGET_H#define BARAUTOSORTECHARTWIDGET_H#include <QWidget>#include <QWebEngineView>#include <QWebEnginePage>#include <QWebChannel>namespace Ui {class BarAutoSortEChartWidget;}class BarAutoSortEChartWidget : public QWidget{
Q_OBJECTpublic:
explicit BarAutoSortEChartWidget(QWidget *parent = 0);
~BarAutoSortEChartWidget();protected:
void initControl();protected slots:
void slot_loadFinished(bool result);protected:
void initJs();protected:
void runJsScript(QString str);protected:
void resizeEvent(QResizeEvent *event);
void timerEvent(QTimerEvent *event);private slots:
void on_pushButton_clear_clicked();
void on_pushButton_flush_clicked();
void on_pushButton_start_clicked();
void on_pushButton_reset_clicked();private:
Ui::BarAutoSortEChartWidget *ui;private:
QWebEngineView *_pWebEngineView; // 浏览器窗口
QWebEnginePage *_pWebEnginePage; // 浏览器页面
QWebChannel *_pWebChannel; // 浏览器js交互
QString _htmlDir; // html文件夹路径
QString _indexFileName; // html文件
QString _initJsStr; // 第一次初始化的表格private:
int _timerId;
QDateTime _dateTime;};#endif // BARAUTOSORTECHARTWIDGET_H
BarAutoSortEChartWidget.cpp
#include "BarAutoSortEChartWidget.h"#include "ui_BarAutoSortEChartWidget.h"#include <QFile>#include <QMessageBox>#include <QTimer>// QtCreator在msvc下设置编码也或有一些乱码，直接一刀切,避免繁琐的设置//#define MSVC#ifdef MSVC#define QSTRING(s) QString::fromLocal8Bit(s)#else#define QSTRING(s) QString(s)#endif#include <QDebug>#include <QDateTime>//#define LOG qDebug()<<__FILE__<<__LINE__//#define LOG qDebug()<<__FILE__<<__LINE__<<__FUNCTION__//#define LOG qDebug()<<__FILE__<<__LINE__<<QThread()::currentThread()//#define LOG qDebug()<<__FILE__<<__LINE__<<QDateTime::currentDateTime().toString("yyyy-MM-dd")#define LOG qDebug()<<__FILE__<<__LINE__<<QDateTime::currentDateTime().toString("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss:zzz")BarAutoSortEChartWidget::BarAutoSortEChartWidget(QWidget *parent) :
QWidget(parent),
ui(new Ui::BarAutoSortEChartWidget),
_pWebEngineView(0),
_pWebEnginePage(0),
_pWebChannel(0),
_htmlDir("D:/qtProject/echartsDemo/echartsDemo/modules/barAutoSortEChartWidget/html"), // 使用了绝对路径,引到html文件夹
_indexFileName("eChartWidget.html"),
_timerId(-1){
ui->setupUi(this);
QString version = "v1.0.0";
setWindowTitle(QString("基于Qt的ECharts条状图(自动排序)Demo %1(长沙红胖子).arg(version));
// 设置无边框，以及背景透明
// 背景透明，在界面构架时，若为本窗口为其他窗口提升为本窗口时，
// 则再qss会在主窗口第一级添加frame_all，防止其他窗口提升本窗口而冲掉qss设置// setWindowFlag(Qt::FramelessWindowHint);// setAttribute(Qt::WA_TranslucentBackground, true);#if 0
// 这是方法一：让滚动条不出来(通过大小)，还有一个方法是在html设置body的overflow: hidden// resize(600 + 20, 400 + 20);#endif
initControl();}BarAutoSortEChartWidget::~BarAutoSortEChartWidget(){
delete ui;}void BarAutoSortEChartWidget::initControl(){
_pWebEngineView = new QWebEngineView(this);
_pWebEnginePage = new QWebEnginePage(this);
_pWebChannel = new QWebChannel(this);
QString filePath;#if 1
filePath = QString("%1/%2").arg(_htmlDir).arg(_indexFileName);#else
filePath = "qrc:/barAutoSortEChartWidget/html/eChartWidget.html";#endif
LOG << "file exist:" << QFile::exists(filePath) << filePath;#if 0
// 打印html文件内容
QFile file(_indexFilePath);
file.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly);
LOG << QString(file.readAll());
file.close();#endif
connect(_pWebEnginePage, SIGNAL(loadFinished(bool)), this, SLOT(slot_loadFinished(bool)));
_pWebEnginePage->load(QUrl(filePath));
_pWebEnginePage->setWebChannel(_pWebChannel);
_pWebEngineView->setPage(_pWebEnginePage);
// 背景透明// _pWebEngineView->setStyleSheet("background-color: transparent");
_pWebEnginePage->setBackgroundColor(Qt::transparent);}void BarAutoSortEChartWidget::slot_loadFinished(bool result){
if(result)
{
initJs();
// 因为使用布局，在没有完全构造之前，其大小是不可预期的，等构造完成后，布局的大小才会形成，此时再初始化一次
resizeEvent(0);
}}void BarAutoSortEChartWidget::initJs(){
_initJsStr = QSTRING(
"option = {"
" xAxis: {"
" max: 'dataMax'"
" },"
" yAxis: {"
" type: 'category',"
" data: ['特斯拉', '奔驰', '宝马', '理想', '蔚来'],"
" inverse: true,"
" animationDuration: 300,"
" animationDurationUpdate: 300,"
" max: 4"
" },"
" series: ["
" {"
" realtimeSort: true,"
" name: 'X',"
" type: 'bar',"
" data: [10,20,50,10,30],"
" label: {"
" show: true,"
" position: 'right',"
" valueAnimation: true"
" },"
" itemStyle: {"
" color: function(params) {"
" var colorList = ['#EE14FF', '#F092FF', '#FF61FE', '#A02F99', '#F00682']; /* 注意1：需要分号 */"
" return colorList[params.dataIndex]; /* 注意2：需要dataIndex，获取序号 */"
" }"
" }"
" },"
" ],"
" graphic: {"
" elements: [ /* 时间标志 */"
" {"
" type: 'text', "
" right: 160,"
" bottom: 100,"
" style: {"
" text: '1970-01',"
" font: 'bolder 100px monospace',"
" fill: 'rgba(100, 100, 100, 0.25)'"
" },"
" z: 100"
" }"
" ]"
" },"
" legend: {"
" show: false,"
" },"
" animationDuration: 0,"
" animationDurationUpdate: 1000,"
" animationEasing: 'linear',"
" animationEasingUpdate: 'linear'"
"};"
"myChart.setOption(option);");
runJsScript(_initJsStr);}void BarAutoSortEChartWidget::runJsScript(QString str){
if(_pWebEnginePage)
{
_pWebEnginePage->runJavaScript(str);
}}void BarAutoSortEChartWidget::resizeEvent(QResizeEvent *event){
if(_pWebEngineView)
{
_pWebEngineView->setGeometry(ui->label_echarts->geometry());
LOG << ui->label_echarts->geometry();
}}void BarAutoSortEChartWidget::timerEvent(QTimerEvent *event){
_dateTime = _dateTime.addMonths(1);
if(_dateTime >= QDateTime::currentDateTime())
{
if(_timerId != -1)
{
killTimer(_timerId);
_timerId = -1;
}
}
QString jsStr = QString(
"option.series[0].data[0] = option.series[0].data[0] + %1;"
"option.series[0].data[1] = option.series[0].data[1] + %2;"
"option.series[0].data[2] = option.series[0].data[2] + %3;"
"option.series[0].data[3] = option.series[0].data[3] + %4;"
"option.series[0].data[4] = option.series[0].data[4] + %5;"
"option.graphic.elements[0].style.text= '%6';"
"myChart.setOption(option, true);"
)
.arg(qrand()%100)
.arg(qrand()%100)
.arg(qrand()%100)
.arg(qrand()%100)
.arg(qrand()%100)
.arg(_dateTime.toString("yyyy-MM"));
runJsScript(jsStr);}void BarAutoSortEChartWidget::on_pushButton_clear_clicked(){
_dateTime.setSecsSinceEpoch(0);
QString jsStr = QString(
"option.series[0].data[0] = 0;"
"option.series[0].data[1] = 0;"
"option.series[0].data[2] = 0;"
"option.series[0].data[3] = 0;"
"option.series[0].data[4] = 0;"
"option.graphic.elements[0].style.text= '%1';"
"myChart.setOption(option, true);"
)
.arg(_dateTime.toString("yyyy-MM"));
runJsScript(jsStr);}void BarAutoSortEChartWidget::on_pushButton_flush_clicked(){
QString jsStr =
"var empty = {};"
"myChart.setOption(empty, true);"
"myChart.setOption(option, true);";
runJsScript(jsStr);}void BarAutoSortEChartWidget::on_pushButton_start_clicked(){
if(_timerId == -1)
{
LOG << ui->lineEdit_interval->text().toInt();
_timerId = startTimer(ui->lineEdit_interval->text().toInt());
_dateTime.setSecsSinceEpoch(0);
QString jsStr = QString(
"option.series[0].data[0] = 0;"
"option.series[0].data[1] = 0;"
"option.series[0].data[2] = 0;"
"option.series[0].data[3] = 0;"
"option.series[0].data[4] = 0;"
"option.graphic.elements[0].style.text= '%1';"
"myChart.setOption(option, true);"
)
.arg(_dateTime.toString("yyyy-MM"));
runJsScript(jsStr);
ui->pushButton_start->setText("停止统计");
}else{
if(_timerId != -1)
{
killTimer(_timerId);
_timerId = -1;
}
ui->pushButton_start->setText("开始统计");
}}void BarAutoSortEChartWidget::on_pushButton_reset_clicked(){
initJs();}
工程模板v1.4.0
入坑
入坑一：排序图问题无法自动排序
问题
没有排序：
原理
这里之前我们已经遇见各种坑了，所以直接上调试工具，将Qt的js初始化代码在调试工具当中跑，如下图，web调试网页效果：
解决方法
自己调整序号，交换数据可以实现，但是无法实现上下条交换的动画了。
