GABA和谷氨酸

The brain is a complex network of billions of neurons.
大脑是由数十亿个神经元组成的复杂网络。
Neurons can be excitatory or inhibitory.
神经元可以是兴奋性的,也可以是抑制性的。
Excitatory neurons stimulate others to respond and transmit electrical messages, while inhibitory neurons SUPPRESS responsiveness, preventing excessive firing.
兴奋性神经元刺激其他神经元作出反应并传递电信息,而抑制性神经元则抑制反应性,防止过度放电。
Responsiveness or excitability of a neuron is determined by the value of electrical voltage across its membrane.
神经元的 由其膜上的电压值决定。
基本上,当神经元内部具有更多正电荷时,它的反应性更强;当具有更多负电荷时,反应性更低。
(家里有钱时,很兴奋)内部正电荷,反应性更强
GABA is a major INHIBITORY neurotransmitter.
GABA是一种主要的抑制性神经递质。
Upon binding, it triggers GABA receptors, ligand-gated chloride channels, to open and allow chloride ions to flow into the neuron, making it more NEGATIVE and LESS likely to respond to new stimuli.
一旦结合,它立即触发GABA受体,配体门控氯离子通道打开,氯离子流入神经元,具有更多负电荷,对新刺激的反应更少。
Glutamate receptors, another type of ion channel, upon binding by glutamate, open to allow POSITIVELY-charged ions into the cell, making it more POSITIVE and MORE likely to generate electrical signals.
谷氨酸受体是另一种离子通道,在谷氨酸的作用下,它被打开,带正电荷的离子进入细胞,使细胞更具正性,更容易产生电信号。
总结:GABA抑制性神经递质,谷氨酸兴奋性神经递质。
咕咕咕(布谷鸟)叽叽咋咋叫很兴奋;
咯咯咯(丑小鸭)很沮丧。