Renewal-Zone：旧陶瓷厂的探险之域2.0︱模具仓库及分拣车间改造酒店活动空间
克拉夫斯科一座旧陶瓷厂改造项目的二期，将过去的石膏模具仓库打造成酒店，分拣车间则被改建为社区活动会堂。
项目是克拉夫斯科前陶瓷厂改造的二期工程。巴洛克建筑群原是建于布拉格至维也纳沿线的一家旅馆，在19世纪下半叶被改造并扩建成知名的陶瓷工厂。这里开展了长达百年的生产历程，并很快遭遇了与其他许多废弃工厂相同的停产命运，后几经易手、长期失修。来自克拉夫斯科的现业主，对其进行重新开发，用于举办社交活动和探险旅游。
真实感是设计的核心目标。
远处可见的工厂烟囱是该地的重要地标，并在顶部点缀着一个霓虹灯圈吸引来者。
旧工厂中烟囱旁边的区域目前做接待和员工所用，建筑可通过彩色混凝土坡道进入。最初场地轴线的朝向并不相同，但由于运营和权属关系无法继续沿用。目前的入口位于过去场地的后侧，因此有必要打造独特的新标识，在一开始便吸引访客的关注。坡道和楼梯非常自然地迎接人们进入。
接待区曾用来搅拌陶土，退役的搅拌机遗弃后被摆放在原处。设计保留了整个空间的工业印记。建筑师沿着其中的一堵墙，将石膏模具打造为内部铸有花盆的装置。在这里成列排放的模具，虽然失去了功能意义，但作为点缀仍然优美。这是将它们保留在恰当位置的最佳方法。
石膏模具仓库共三层，长宽比为1:8。拱形地窖嵌入了南侧的山坡。底层为砖结构，二层为木结构。砖石建筑的一部分由铸造陶瓷的旧石膏模具所建，而这种材料并不适合建筑所用。这也表明在历史上，人们会回收利用手边可用的材料用于建造。
对既有建筑进行功能性改造远比简单翻新更复杂。项目将过去的仓库改造成住宿空间，细长的形态使得布局如萨拉米香肠一样被划分为一个个独立的房间。不足6米的狭窄特点意味着无法建造内部走廊，尤其在二楼会严重影响到保留下来的木制框架。因此，建筑师决议单独打造一个长廊作为楼上房间的走廊，并通过密集的板条在南侧展现出一个理想的到达区域。长廊的材质使用了原本用作木柴的二等橡木。
底楼的客房可直接从门廊进入。北面，旧工厂的窗户钢架被保留下来，与后方新的窗户框架形成格栅，成为防止从低矮的窗台坠落的屏障，同时开口保留了原来的位置和尺寸。由于地形起伏，整个建筑呈波浪形。北立面处增加了一些支撑柱进行加固。然而在一楼的房间里，你可以看到墙壁明显倾斜，直到人们必须扶住防止倾倒。
为了尽可能保留建筑物的原貌，建筑师必须在建筑物内部的二层打造保温措施。因此原来布满灰尘的木质外墙仍维持原状，令人惊讶的是它们的现状保存良好。因此，建筑在展现方式上没有做太大改变。设计保留了桁架的结构组成。建筑的东山墙改造程度最大，整面的玻璃实现了直达远方的视野。
底层的空间简单明亮，由带磨砂玻璃的钢架隔开的洗手间光线充足。
楼上裸露的横梁和原有的木梁带来了真实感，原木板已被拆除用于打造新的地板。
所有这一切由于石膏模具的加入变得更加完整，这些模具被用作桌子、灯罩或单纯作为装饰。因此，过去存放的模具仍保留在此，只是数量有所减少。
原分拣车间是整个建筑群中最新的一座，落成于上世纪中叶。虽然历史价值不如其他建筑，但它在当时为特定功能而建的工业建筑中堪称典范。建筑师们遵循了传统的设计方法，并在施工过程中对建筑材料进行回收利用。
改造后的工业建筑是理想的社交活动空间，并由于开放式的布局，成为了适合举办各种活动的多功能空间。
建筑底层设有鲜厨餐厅，紧邻餐厅的温室为简约的钢结构，屋顶则被拆除更换为玻璃材质。通过重型钢焊接楼梯可进入阁楼空间，楼梯自身便是一件艺术品。阁楼的大厅被尽量保留了原貌，所有的原始结构呈现出久远的磨损痕迹。
ORA意为原创的地区性建筑，事务所的大多数作品都是对既有结构的改造，而这并非刻意为之。设计师乐于研究注定消亡的结构和部分，并在新的语境下进行激活。ORA的设计范畴涵盖环境、房屋和小的物件。
事务所位于兹诺伊莫和库特纳霍拉，项目主要分布于周边区域。
The project deals with the second stage of the conversion of the former ceramics factory in Kravsko. It is the original utilitarian plaster mould warehouse, which we are transforming into accommodation, and the former sorting plant, which we are converting into a community hall.
The project deals with the second stage of the conversion of the former ceramics factory in Kravsko. The original Baroque complex was built as an inn on the Prague-Vienna route. In the second half of the 19th century, it was transformed into a famous ceramics factory and expanded with new buildings. The production operated here for a hundred years. Soon, however, it met the fate of many other obsolete industrial plants - production was closed down, the area changed hands and fell into long-term disrepair. The current owners, who come from Kravsko, are redeveloping the site for social events and adventure tourism.
This is what we strive for.
The main landmark of the site, visible from a great distance, is the factory chimney. A neon circle is placed on the chimney, crowning it and naturally drawing the visitor towards it.
The part of the original factory next to the chimney is now used as a reception area and staff facilities. The building is entered via a ramp made of coloured concrete. The axes of the site originally faced in a different direction, but for operational and ownership reasons it was no longer possible to follow them. The current entrance is the former back of the site, so it was necessary to create a new distinctive attractor that catches the visitor's attention at first sight. The ramp and staircase welcome visitors and naturally guide them to enter.
The reception area is where the mixing of the clay used to take place. The discontinued mixers are being left in their original positions as they were once abandoned. We leave the whole space with its industrial character. Along one of the walls, we are creating an installation from plaster moulds into which pots were cast. Here the moulds are stacked in columns and left only as aesthetic objects that have lost their meaning but are still beautiful. It's a way of keeping them in place and not getting rid of them.
It is an original utilitarian warehouse of plaster molds. The building has a 1:8 elongated floor plan on three floors. The vaulted cellars are recessed into the hillside to the south. The ground floor is brick, the second floor is timber-framed. The masonry is partly built from old plaster moulds that were used for casting ceramics. This material is not suitable for building at all. It is proof that throughout history people recycled and built with whatever was at hand.
Conversion of buildings for a new purpose requires a greater degree of intervention than simple refurbishment. The project addresses the conversion of a former warehouse into an accommodation facility. The elongated shape allowed the layout to be chopped up into individual rooms like a salami. Due to the narrowness of the house of less than 6 metres, it was not possible to build a corridor inside. Particularly on the second floor, this would have meant a significant impact on the preserved wooden frames. Therefore, we decided to design a separate gallery that serves as a corridor for the upper rooms and creates a desirable threshold on the south side thanks to the dense lathing. The gallery/porch is constructed of second-quality oak lumber, which was originally intended to serve as firewood.
The rooms on the ground floor are accessible directly from the porch. To the north, the steel frames of the former factory windows have been retained. The new windows are behind them. The frames form a grille that acts as a barrier against falling, as the windows have a low sill. At the same time, the openings retain their original divisions. The whole building is wavy due to the pressure of the earth. We have added some support pillars to the north façade to stabilise it. However, in the rooms on the ground floor, you can read a significant leaning of the walls until one has to hold on to keep from tipping.
We were keen to preserve the authenticity of the building as much as possible, which forced us to insulate the inside of the building on the second floor. This left the original wooden, dusty façade in place, which, surprisingly, is still in good shape. The house has therefore not changed much in terms of expression. We kept the trusses in their structural logic. The eastern gable of the building has undergone the most significant transformation, as it is entirely glazed and thus provides distant views over the landscape.
The rooms on the ground floor are simple bright spaces. The bathrooms are separated by steel frames with frosted glazing, making them well lit.
The upstairs rooms are given authenticity by the exposed beams and original boards, which have been dismantled and used as new flooring.
All this is complemented bylaster moulds which are used as tables, lampshades or purely as objects of aesthetic interest. The moulds that were originally stored here, therefore, remain in place in reduced numbers.
The building of the former sorting plant is the youngest of the whole complex. It dates back to the middle of the last century. Historically, it is the least valuable building, but it is still a fine example of industrial construction at that time, which was purely purpose-built. Even then, building materials were recycled during construction. Here we have followed a conventional design approach.
Industrial buildings are ideally transformed for holding social events. With their open layout, they offer a versatile space that can be filled with events.
The building now houses a restaurant with a kitchen on the ground floor. Adjacent to the restaurant is the greenhouse, which is a simple steel structure that we removed and replaced the roofing with glass. The attic space is accessed by a heavy steel welded staircase, which in turn functions as an art object in its own right. In the attic, there is a large hall to which we have retained its authenticity. All the structures are original with traces of age-old wear and tear.
ORA stands for Original Regional Architecture. Most of the studio's work consists of modifying existing structures, which was not a conscious choice. The authors like to work with constructions and fragments that were doomed to perish, to revive them in a new context. We design environment, houses, even small objects.
The studio is based in Znojmo and Kutná Hora and operates mainly on the periphery.
Project name: Kocanda Kravsko II
Studio: ORA (original regional architecture)
Author: Barbora Hora, Jan Hora, Jan Veisser, Maroš Drobňák
Website: www.o-r-a.cz
Social media:
www.facebook.com/originalniregionalniarchitektura
www.instagram.com/originalregionalarchitecture
Project location: Kravsko
Project country: Czech Republic
Project year: 2019-2022
Completion year: 2022
Plot size: 6850 m²
Client: ITVV www.kocandakravsko.cz
Photographer: BoysPlayNice, www.boysplaynice.com
Collaborator
Landscaping: Klára Jordánová, www.my-flowers.cz
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