马修（Marshal）：指赛道上的工作人员，主要责任为检视赛道的安全运行，包括留心观众以保证他们不会有危险或者对正在比赛的车手产生危险，救火队员，移走停在赛道上的赛车以及挥动各种旗子信号向车手通报赛道条件等。

以下以paddock杂志的文章《What incidents happen to marshals during the race》（https://www.thepaddockmagazine.com/what-incidents-happen-to-marshals-during-the-race/）为基础，个人稍作补充说明。

五大工种

根据paddock杂志，马修主要有五个工种（Marshals are divided into five main types）:

1、Flag marshals signal to drivers on the track using flags

赛车信号旗帜手，挥动旗帜向赛道上的车手发出信号

2、Pit marshals supervise order in the pit lane, and for example, if drivers are taking penalties

维修站执法人员，监督维修区的秩序。（如：超近道行驶，罚停进维修站10秒。 超近道超越前车的，必须让被超越的车先行，并罚停进维修站10秒。 维修站关闭时进入维修站的，罚停进站10秒。 维修站内超速，罚通过维修站。 赛段黄旗时超越前车的，罚停进维修站10秒。 被罚通过维修站，但是离比赛结束不足三圈的，可以不受罚，但在比赛用时上加10秒。 被罚停进维修站10秒，但是离比赛结束不足三圈的，可以不受罚，但在比赛用时上加20秒。）

3、Grid marshals keep order on the starting lane, manage access to it, and control the order of the formation of cars.

发车格管理员，保障赛车编队正确。

4、Track marshals are found along the track’s perimeter; their job is to eliminate incidents.

赛道管理员，清楚赛道上汽油、赛车残片，挪走事故车辆和救援

5、Fire marshals are professional firefighters at the track perimeter.

赛道消防员

 

危险的志愿工作

On each round of Formula 1, there are cumulatively up to 1500 marshals, who are not paid by the championship management; it is purely a volunteer job. They get free meals and the excitement of being in the thick of it. Every race is a new experience.

一级方程式每个大奖赛累计有1500 名左右的马修，这纯粹是一项志愿工作，参与者可以得到免费的伙食和沉浸其中的兴奋感。每场比赛都是一种全新的体验。

Track marshals have the most dangerous job because they have to appear on track more often than others: crashes, traffic jams, evacuating cars, removing wreckage, cleaning track from gravel – all this is their responsibility. Usually, the race does not stop when necessary to remove, for example, the destruction left by accident – the cars continue behind the safety car, i.e., at a reduced speed, but in the vicinity of the track marshals. In essence, they risk their health and even their lives at every round. Still, as a rule, people who are passionate about something and in love with something rarely stop at such trifles. 

赛道管理员的工作最为危险，因为他们必须比其他人更频繁地出现在赛道上：撞车、赛道拥堵、疏散赛车、清除残骸、清理赛道上的碎石——所有这些都是他们的责任。意外事故造成使赛道被破坏时，一般不会停止比赛——赛车继续在安全车后面，以低速行驶，但赛道管理员会在附近清理赛道。从本质上讲，他们在每一场比赛都冒着健康甚至生命的危险。尽管如此，作为一项规则，热爱F1的人很少会顾及这些。

马修的危险时刻

THE MOST RECENT CASE, BAHRAIN 2020: A MARSHAL RAN ACROSS THE TRACK WITHOUT LOOKING.

最近的案例，巴林 2020：一位马修不观察赛况就跑过赛道

During the inaugural Bahrain Grand Prix, we saw a brave marshal running across the track precisely in front of Lando Norris’ car to help his colleagues put out the engine of a stopped Checo Perez on the track. F1 race director Michael Masi said at the time that the marshal was acting on instinct because of the terrible crash of Romain Grosjean in other parts of the track, as well as the overturning of Lance Stroll’s car as a result of contact with Kvyat.

Understandably, the double yellow flags were in effect. You had to go slower than usual, but a Formula 1 car accelerates to 200km/h in 4 seconds, and that’s far from its speed limit, which means the guy didn’t have much time to cross the track.

Lando himself said that from his position in that part of the track, you could very well see the black sky, not the marshal, who was dressed in a black or dark brown suit.

By the way, it was the fire marshal who was rushing to put out Perez’s engine.

在首届巴林大奖赛期间，我们看到一位勇敢的马修正好在兰多·诺里斯（Lando Norris）的赛车前跑过赛道，以帮助在赛道上熄火的塞尔吉奥·佩雷斯。F1赛事总监迈克尔·马西当时表示，由于罗曼·格罗斯让在赛道其他位置发生了可怕的撞车事故，以及兰斯·斯特罗尔的赛车因与科维亚特的接触而倾覆，这位马修出于本能行事。

双黄旗已经生效，虽然速度减慢，但F1在 4 秒内加速到 200 公里/小时，这远远超出了它的速度限制，这意味着这位马修没有太多时间穿过赛道。

兰多自己说，在赛道那里，你可以很清楚地看到黑色的天空，而不是穿着黑色或深棕色西装的马修。

顺便说一句，赶着去帮助佩雷斯的正是赛道消防员。

IMOLA 2020: THE MARSHALS WERE ON TRACK WHEN THE CARS WERE ALLOWED TO OVERTAKE THE SAFETY CAR AND RETURN TO THE LAP WITH THE leaderS.

2020伊莫拉：当赛车被允许超越安全车并与领先者一起回到赛道时，马修们正在赛道上

A very recent incident occurred at the Emilia Romagna Grand Prix at Imola. The situation is as follows: after the departure of Max Verstappen because of a burst tire, on the track appeared and collected all behind him, the pilots followed him, and at one point, George Russell overdid with the desire to warm the rear tires and flew under the safety car into the bump, on the track, there were numerous wrecks of his vehicle, and the mode of the safety car was extended. The six cars that found themselves in a lap behind the leaders were allowed to start overtaking without any speed limit to complete one lap and join the tail of the peloton assembled by the safety car, thus ending up in the same lap as the leaders.

The six cars did not have to follow the restrictions in doing their lap. They were perfectly able to run at full speed until they were caught up by the safety car. But as it turned out, the marshals on the track did not have time to clear the debris from George Russell and thus ended up on the track, close to a corner where at least six cars flew at race speed.

The drivers who should have passed the marshals (Raikkonen, Giovinazzi, Vettel, Grosjean, Stroll) were shocked to find they were still there.

However, everyone but Stroll slowed down when they saw the people. Lance ended up flying dangerously close to the marshals.

维斯塔潘爆胎，拉塞尔上墙，安全车模式开启，赛道员开始清理碎片。之后，落后领头羊一圈的六辆车被允许开始超车，没有任何速度限制，但赛道员还在赛道上。莱科宁、乔维纳齐、维特尔、格罗斯让震惊地发现他们还在那里。除了斯特罗尔之外，其他人在看到这些人时都放慢了速度。而兰斯毫不减速地驶过。

MONACO 2019: CHECO PEREZ NEARLY HIT TWO MARSHALS PICKING UP DEBRIS.

2019摩纳哥 佩雷斯差点撞到两名捡碎片的执法官

Last year, a dangerous situation with the track marshals occurred at the Monaco Grand Prix: contact between Charles Leclair and Nico Hülkenberg resulted in a punctured rear wheel on the Monegasque car. It began to deteriorate rapidly and its parts, in turn, destroyed the car’s carbon underbody, leaving dangerous debris all over the track, a safety car mode was imposed during which the track was to be cleared.

The part of the cars in Safety Car mode went to the pits for fresh tires, while the marshals took advantage of the gaps where there were no cars in their sector and jumped out to clear the track of debris. But these two had a bit off time and ran out on the track at precisely the moment when the boxes came out of Checo Perez and started to accelerate to the first turn. By the way, the speed there is already about 150 km / h. As a result, the Mexican had to brake and dodge, and marshals found themselves in a very unpleasant situation, at risk of falling under the wheels of a car.

去年，在摩纳哥大奖赛上，赛道执法人员遇到了危险：勒克莱尔和莱科宁碰撞产生碎片，安全车出动，佩雷斯在维修站出站后差点撞到马修，当时速度已经约为 150 km / h。