第三节 宾 语

本节将分三部分介绍宾语在英汉互译时的转换。

3.1 宾语转译成定语

前面提到的形容词与它所修饰的名词具有逻辑动宾关系，使用这种结构基本上

都可以把汉语宾语转换成英语定语。

1. historical description of football development 讲述足球发展的历史

2. rural description of Britain 描述英国的乡村

3. Palmer, Hornby and other British applied linguists had prepared pedagogical

descriptions of the basic grammatical structures of English, and these were to be

followed in developing methodology.

帕尔默、霍恩比等英国应用语言学家已经描述了英语基本语法结构的教学法，

我们在制定教学方法时应遵循。

4. The group used studies of the needs of European language learners, and in

particular a preliminary document prepared by a British linguist, D.A Wilkins（1972）,

which proposed a functional or communicative definition of language that could

serve as a basis for developing communicative syllabuses for language teaching.

该小组对欧洲语言学习者的需求进行了研究，特别是英国语言学家 D.A·威尔金斯

（D.Wilkins，1972）编写的初始文献，该文献提出了语言的功能或交际定义，

可以作为交际法语言教学大纲的基本原则。

5. This is not the youngest record of laughing. 还有比他更小的婴儿会笑。

拓展学习：parental age of concern 父母关注的年龄

6. They even kept physical record of some of the people they dealt with.

他们甚至记录了被拘留者的体征。

7. Hong Kong arrival 到达香港

8. autobiographical writing 写自传

9. This poem presents his heroic portrait of Satan and his heroic portraits of the fallen

angles

他在这首诗中描述了撒旦及众堕落天使的英勇形象。

10. a problematic moment of revelation 揭发问题的时刻

11. The other got himself a shilling bottle of Ammoniated Quinine which was

tolerably cheap considering.

另一个花了 1 先令买了一瓶阿芒奎宁，还不算贵吧。

12. You see a gradual decline in the cultural idealization of virginity.

童贞文化的理想化呈现逐渐下降趋势。

13. We also do things to them in scientific research labs that would make a Josef

Mengele blush.

我们还在科学研究实验室里对动物做一些让约瑟夫·门格勒感到脸红的动物实验。

（JosefMengele，人称“死亡天使”，德国纳粹党卫队军官和奥斯威辛集中营的“医师”。）