“读”后续写，你读对了吗？丨跟77一起读好书，解锁审题新视角【新高一】
七七 | “读”后续写，你读对了吗
1️⃣三步走
第一步：
戏剧是变化，先确定角色的变化过程。
这个角色的转变过程，一般被称为角色历程或角色弧线，或被称为内部事件。
戏剧是冲突，冲突是“想要”加上“阻碍”。
一部戏的主轴，是由角色的“想要”推动的，角色不断追逐他的目标，不断遇到各种阻碍，并且不断采取行动克服这些阻碍，就形成了整个剧情。
第二步：
替角色建立一个动机，一个目标，说明为什么角色需要进行被指定的任务。
一个剧情设计的诀窍：替主角安排一个适合和一个不适合这个任务的特性。
- 适合的：加强“想要”或加强阻碍，以加强冲突的戏剧张力。
- 不适合的：以促成角色的成长变化。
人都必须经历自己做不到的事、有挑战的事，才会有所成长。
第三步：
建立故事曲线。
第一阶段：铺陈
- 主角是谁，主角特质
- 主角目标，主事件
- 说明角色原本的样子
起
- 启动点/触发事件/故事开始
- 角色脱离了原本的生活
- 进入一个新的世界。
- 对应三幕剧第一幕：开端
第二阶段：放大
- 冲突持续发生，主角越发努力
- 背负更多风险，情绪持续上升
- 一直到接近绝望的部分。
承
- 对应三幕剧第二幕：冲突、发展
- 一个很重要但常常被忽略的任务：让主角/观众，相信一件相反的事。简单的说，就是与主旨或结局相反。
第三阶段：反转
- 戏剧是变化
- 剧情外部和角色内部都需要变化，无变化、无转折，故事就单调无趣。
转&合
- 对应三幕剧第三幕：结束、解决
- 高潮不是由主角的努力完成解决的高潮的解决一定要和主角有关。而且解决的方式要和主旨有关。
“戏剧是变化和冲突”
从变化来看，如果主角从头赢到尾，情节本身缺乏变化；
从冲突来看，主角不断地跨越阻碍，就等于一直在解决冲突，观众情绪不会被拉高，只会原地打转。”
所以理想的剧情铺排：
- 主角不断挑战失败，直到绝望的时刻，才会创造出高潮。
- 绝望才会带来最大的情绪。
如何“绝望”
- 一是主角离他要得东西最远，不可能得到他要的东西
- 二是主角离他要的东西最近，近在眼前伸手就可以拿到，但他却失败了。
所以“你”需要…
安排角色的缺点和成长
安排角色的想要和阻碍
安排适合和不适合任务的特质
安排绝望
“一个故事，必须要有焦点。”
——我的文章写跑题了吗?
焦点是由主角的，想要和需要决定的。
想要是主角的目标，通常都是一个具体的、外在的东西。
需要是主角得到了才会幸福、获得救赎的东西，（欠缺的价值或情感），通常是内在的东西。”
想要可以不被完成，但需要必须被满足。
所以一个人的无论是心态还是技能方面的成长，是多么的重要。
2️⃣吵架走出迷路
One weekend in July, Jane and her husband, Tom, had driven three hours to camp overnight by a lake in the forest.
Unfortunately, on the way, an unpleasant subject came up and they started to quarrel.
By the time they reached the lake, Jane was so angry that she said to Tom, " I'm going to find a better spot for us to camp" and walked away.
With no path to follow, Jane just walked on for quite a long time.
After she had climbed to a high place, she turned around, hoping to see the lake. To her surprise, she saw nothing but forest and, far beyond, a snow-capped mountain top.
She suddenly realized that she was lost.
“Tom!” she cried. “Help!”
No reply. If only she had not left her mobile phone in that bag with Tom. Jane kept moving, but the farther she walked, the more confused she became. As night was beginning to fall, Jane was so tired that she had to stop for the night. Lying awake in the dark, Jane wanted very much to be with Tom and her family. She wanted to hold him and tell him how much she loved him.
Jane rose at the break of day, hungry and thirsty. She could hear water trickling somewhere at a distance.
Quickly she followed the sound to a stream. To her great joy, she also saw some berry bushes. She drank and ate a few berries.
Never in her life had she tasted anything better.
Feeling stronger now, Jane began to walk along the stream and hope it would lead her to the lake.
But no more helicopters came and it was getting dark again. Immediately, an absolute darkness ruled the forest. Jane, exhausted and scared, lay down near a stone, missing her family at a distance. All the fantastic memory crowded in and she couldn't help crying, “Hadn't I quarreled with Tom, walked away and climbed to the high place, I wouldn't be trapped in this awful place, confronted with the danger of dying.” She regretted with endless anxiety, and then became asleep with shining tears in her eyes.
It was daybreak when Jane woke up. Weak as she was, she struggled to her feet, continuing searching for assistance. To her great joy, a helicopter was flying overhead again and again. Eager and excited, she flagged her yellow blouse and spared no effort to yell so as to attract others' attention. Fortunately, she was eventually noticed and brought into the helicopter. There, she saw her husband, a man staring at her, wearing an expression of relief. As tightly as possible, she hugged him and was too thrilled to say anything. Besides, they agreed never to quarrel again, determining to live the life to the fullest.
划重点：
- 对于高一/刚接触读后续写的你
- 研读很重要
- 享受阅读并贪婪吸收
内容框架：
- 介绍角色缺陷、性格、能力、身份等，做好铺陈
- 让故事发生，让角色生活失去平衡
- 放大过程，发挥TA的能力
- 制造高潮，使TA相信相反的事
- 利用TA的努力的成果做反转，传达主旨
- 完成成长
一读架构（人物&想要&需要），二读文字。
