TTC【双语字幕版】：西方文明的基础（S01E30：拜占庭的诞生）

Orthodox, "Right-believers"

Monophysite: Emphasized one nature in Christ

waged a series of campaign to recover Rome's lost western provinces

The Age of Justinian, ruled 527-565

• Imperial administration and finances reformed (the separation between civic and military power was eroded, perhaps permanently towards the side of military rule)
• 529-533: Corpus Iuris Civilis, the body of civil law; Tribonian, chief legist; Theodosian Code, 438
• Ecumenical Council of 553: Called by Justinian to deal with Monophysitism (stressed the divinity over against the humanity of Christ ); to find a theological formula that would reconcile the monophysites to unify the east; ignored the bishops of Rome
• Isidore of Miletus, Anthemius of Tralles; Chief Architects of Hagia Sophia

Heraclius, ruled 610-641

to deal with Persians and Muslims

The importance of eastern frontier

the northern Balkan frontier (Danube)

little attention paid to the west

"Themes" system, military districts

Strategoi, thematic generals

Basileus ton Romaion, "Emperor of the Romans" (in Greek instead of Latin)

Loe III, ruled 717-741, "Isaurian Dynasty"

ca. 726, Leo III issued a new law code, the Ekloga, an abridgment of the Corpus Iuris Civilis

Religious Differences:

1. In the Byzantine church, priests could marry.
2. The Byzantine church used leavened bread, the Latin church unleaded bread in the Eucharist
3. Byzantine monks were tonsured differently.

Basil I (867-886), Macedonian Dynasty (867-1025)