资料整理：橘子夹

特别感谢：艾提谋、芒果树

特别提醒：阅读本文前，最好先通读十座尖碑的铭文，把诸国乱战的历史了解一遍。

奥尔玛兹沙 Ormazd Shah

Hormizd IV (also spelled Hormozd IV or Ohrmazd IV) was the Sasanian King of Kings of Iran from 579 to 590. He was the son and successor of Khosrow I (r. 531–579) and his mother was a Khazar princess.

霍尔木兹四世是波斯萨珊王朝的君主，统治期间为公元579年－590年，他是霍斯劳一世的儿子兼继承者。

Shah (lit. 'king') is a royal title that was historically used by the leading figures of Iranian monarchies.

沙 = 王。

「常胜之灵」基斯拉·帕维兹拉万 Kisra Parvezravan, Spirit of Unceasing Victory

Khosrow II, also known as Khosrow Parviz ("Khosrow the Victorious"), is considered to be the last great Sasanian king of Iran, ruling from 590 to 628, with an interruption of one year. "Khosrow" is the New Persian variant of his name used by scholars and the name is transliterated in Arabic as Kisra.

霍斯劳二世，人称“得胜王”（Parvez）。霍斯劳二世被其父霍尔木兹四世的反叛者拥立继位，即位后其父被处死。628年2月，其子喀瓦德二世（Shīrūya，即原神中的希鲁伊）篡位，2月28日，霍斯劳二世被喀瓦德二世处决，其余儿子也被处决。霍斯劳二世死后，波斯萨珊王朝一蹶不振，丧失复兴盛世的希望。霍斯劳死后，萨珊王朝陷入内乱，不久即被阿拉伯帝国灭亡。

Parvēz = victorious; Ravan = spirit. 胜利之灵。

「疫王」希鲁伊 Shiruyeh, the Lord of Pestilence

Shērōē (also spelled Shīrūya) was king of the Sasanian Empire briefly in 628. He was the son of Khosrow II, whom he succeeded after having him overthrown in a coup d'état.

谢罗埃，在628年短暂地成为萨珊王朝的君主。他是590-628年在位的霍斯劳二世的儿子，在政变中推翻了他父亲。

关于原神中《希鲁伊与希琳的故事》的原型，参见文学作品《霍斯劳与希琳》(Khosrow and Shirin)。

「隐匿的蒙面王」胡拉姆丁 Masked Hermit-King Khorramdin

Hashim, better known as al-Muqanna‘ ("The Veiled") was leader of an anti Islamic revolt who claimed to be a prophet, and founded a religion which was a mixture of Zoroastrianism and Islam. He was a chemist, and one of his experiments caused an explosion in which a part of his face was burnt. For the rest of his life he used a veil and thus was known as "al-Muqanna‘" ("The Veiled One"). Said Nafisi and Amir-Hossein Aryanpour have written about him in the "Khorrām-Dīnān" armies.

穆盖奈尔起义(Intifadan al—Muqanna') 是中亚河中地区反对阿拔斯王朝和当地大封建主的农民起义(776～783)。起义领袖为哈希姆·本·哈金(Hashim ibn Hakim)。因其经常用绿布蒙面，据说是因凡人不能忍受他脸上的圣光，时称“穆盖奈尔”（即蒙面先知），故名。

Bābak Khorramdin (meaning "Young Father") was one of the main Iranian revolutionary leaders of the Iranian Khorram-Dinān (Khurramites 胡拉米派), which was a local freedom movement fighting the Abbasid Caliphate. The late leader of the Khurramīyah movement, Babak Khorramdin was the follower of al-Muqanna‘ .

Al-Muqanna 和 Babak Khorramdin 都属于胡拉米派，反抗阿拔斯王朝。原神中把他们俩缝合到一块了，把前者的“蒙面者”称号和后者的名字胡拉姆丁融合，变成了蒙面王胡拉姆丁。

「兰沙赫尔王」卡乌斯巴依 Shah Ramshahr Kavusbay

The title of Ramshahr (peacekeeper in [his] dominion) was added to the traditional "King of Kings of the Iranians and non-Iranians" on Yazdegerd's coins. Yazdegerd was the Sasanian King of Kings (shahanshah) of Iran from 399 to 420.

伊嗣俟一世，是波斯萨珊王朝的沙阿（万王之王），使用了兰沙赫尔这个头衔。

Kay Kāvus is a mythological shah of Greater Iran and a character in the Shāhnāmeh（《列王纪》）. Kay (meaning "king") was a ruling title used in Iranian mythology by the Kayanians of the Avesta, later to be adopted by the Kushano-Sasanians, followed by the Sasanian monarchs of Iran.

Kay Kavus 是《列王纪》中的一个角色，后面我们还会见到其他来自这本著作的角色。Kay 和 bay 都可以表示“王”，因此 Kavusbay（原神版）和 Kay Kavus（列王纪版）基本可以等同。而且事实上伊嗣俟一世和 Kay Kavus 没有什么联系，估计这里只是单纯地把他们缝合了起来。

蓝宝石之城图莱杜拉 Tulaytullah the Sapphire City

Ṭulayṭulah = Toledo is a city and municipality of Spain, capital of the province of Toledo.

托莱多，是西班牙中部的一个自治市，托莱多省的首府。

呼玛云王 King Humayun

Nasir-ud-Din Muhammad, better known by his regnal name, Humayun, was the second emperor of the Mughal Empire, who ruled over territory in what is now Eastern Afghanistan, Pakistan, Northern India, and Bangladesh from 1530 to 1540 and again from 1555 to 1556.

纳斯尔·乌德－丁·穆罕默德·胡马雍，是统治印度次大陆的莫卧儿帝国皇帝。莫卧儿帝国创始人巴布尔大帝之子。 (一个印度的皇帝跑去统治西班牙的城，好缝！)

琥珀金的勇士之城萨勒赫 Saleh the Electrum City of Warriors

Salih (lit. 'Pious'), also spelled Saleh, is an Arab prophet mentioned in the Quran who prophesied to the tribe of Thamud in ancient Arabia.

这是个人，但是原神里明显是个地名，怎么回事呢？原来——

Hegra known to Muslims as Al-Hijr, also known as Mada’in Salih (lit. 'Cities of Salih'), is an archaeological site located in the area of Al-'Ula within Medina Province in the Hejaz, Saudi Arabia.

玛甸沙勒是沙特阿拉伯的考古遗址。《古兰经》记载的石谷就是这里，其中该地的原住民因不相信使者的话而遭受到安拉的惩罚。

原神里，萨勒赫城对应的就是赛莫德人（Thamudians）：

The Thamud were a tribal confederation in the northwestern region of the Arabian Peninsula, mentioned in Assyrian sources in the time of Sargon II.

图兰哈冈 Turan Khagan

Turan ("The Land of Tur") is a historical region in Central Asia.

图兰，是波斯语中对中亚的称呼，本意为图尔人的土地。

Khagan or Qaghan is a title of imperial rank in the Turkic, Mongolic and some other languages, equal to the status of emperor and someone who rules a khaganate (empire).

哈冈 = 可汗。

由此可见萨勒赫城应该经常以武力征服其他领地。

圆形剧场的丘墟阿伊哈努姆 Amphitheater City Ay-Khanoum

Ai-Khanoum (meaning Lady Moon) is the archaeological site of a Hellenistic city in Takhar Province, Afghanistan. Reconstruction of the city of Ai-Khanoum. The theatre is in the forefront, with the palatial complex behind.

阿伊哈努姆意为“月女”，其原型确实有圆形剧场。 

迦尔沙斯普 Garshāsp

Garshāsp was, in Persian mythology, the last Shah of the Pishdadian dynasty of Persia according to Shahnameh. He was a descendant of Zaav, ruling over the Persian Empire for about nine years. Garshasp is depicted as a dragonslayer in the Avesta.

又是一位来自《列王纪》的角色。

呼玛云·库列甘王 King Humayun Gurkan

Gürkan is a Turkish surname and given name for males. The word "Gürkan", is a Persianized form of the Mongolian word "Kuragan" (or Guregen) meaning "son-in-law".

库列甘意为“女婿”。对应原神的人物关系，呼玛云确实是兰沙赫尔王的女婿，因为呼玛云娶了他的女儿。

The Timurid dynasty self-designated as Gurkani was a Sunni Muslim dynasty or clan of Turco-Mongol origin descended from the warlord Timur. The word "Gurkani" derives from "Gurkan", a Persianized form of the Mongolian word "Kuragan" meaning "son-in-law".

胡马雍是莫卧儿王朝的，莫卧儿王朝前朝帖木儿王朝就被称为 Gurkani。帖木儿为了所谓“正统”，娶了成吉思汗亲孙子的女儿，成了成吉思汗家的女婿。而原神中的呼玛云王也是通过这个方式，成功夺取了兰沙赫尔的政权。

穆阿扎姆哈冈 Muazzam Khagan

Muazzam = enormous, immense, huge.

穆阿扎姆，一个头衔（配得上迦尔沙斯普自称的“诸哈冈之大哈冈”）。

古达尔兹 Goudarz

Goudarz is one of the main Iranian heroes in Shahnameh, the national epic of Greater Iran, and progenitor of one of its most prominent families.

来自《列王纪》。

严格来说，古达尔兹讨伐的“僭称哈冈之逆贼”不一定就是迦尔沙斯普，因为中间也有可能有别人杀了迦尔沙斯普然后又自立哈冈。但是为了剧情连贯性，可以假设古达尔兹讨伐的就是迦尔沙斯普，这和上一块石碑的迦尔沙斯普暴死、首都被烧、人民逃到蓝宝石之城也完美对应上。

撒勒布·道莱王 King Saleb Dowleh

صَلِيب • (ṣalīb) = cross (geometrical figure) 

撒勒布即是“十字架”。

Ed-Dowleh is a suffix used as part of titles for members of royalty who were in governing positions during the Qajar dynasty in Iran (Persia). 一个名字后缀。

故该名字应该是：“十字架” + 名字后缀（德高望重的人）。

二十九代伊 Twenty Nine Deys

Dey, literally meaning uncle, was the title given to the rulers of the Regency of Algiers (Algeria), Tripoli, and Tunis under the Ottoman Empire from 1671 onwards.

Twenty-nine deys held office from the establishment of the deylicate in Algeria until the French conquest in 1830.

代伊原意为“舅舅”，因此铭文中穆扎法尔代伊有一个称号是“海中诸魔兽的舅父”。在原神中解释为联盟的盟主。

穆扎法尔代伊 Muzaffar Dey

Muzaffar ("the Victorious"). 胜利。

Al-Muzaffar Taqi al-Din Umar was the Kurdish Ayyubid prince of Hama from 1179 to 1191 and a general of Saladin.

奥尔迦娜 Orghana

Hormuz Island, also spelled Hormoz, is an Iranian island in the Persian Gulf, and known as Organa (Όργανα) to the ancient Greeks, acquired the name of "Hormuz" from the important harbour town of Hormuz (Ormus) on the mainland 60 km away, which had been a centre of a minor principality on both sides of the strait.

忽里模子（Hormuz or Ormuz）是一个10世纪到17世纪位于波斯湾霍尔木兹海峡的古国，是10世纪由阿拉伯贵族建立，1262年成为波斯的附属国，后来又成为葡萄牙帝国的附庸。其同名首都、港口忽里模子（就是原神里的奥摩斯港 Ormos）在今波斯湾东口霍尔木兹海峡内的霍尔木兹岛，而这座岛又被希腊人称作奥尔迦娜（Organa）。

拜特拉哈 Beit Raha

Beit = بَيْت • (bayt) = house; Raha = رَاحَة • (rāḥa) = comfort, leisure.

直译为安乐王国。它的原型是：

Hatra was an ancient city in Upper Mesopotamia located in present-day eastern Nineveh Governorate in northern Iraq. The city was officially called Beit Elāhā‎ ("House of God").

哈特拉。

纳什鲁 Nasrul, 纳齐菈 Nazira

Naṣru was a local governor at Hatra (Beit Elaha).

哈特拉的第五任城主。但历史上的纳什鲁不是纳齐菈的父亲。

Al-Nadirah was the daughter of al-Dayzan or Satirun (Sanatruq II), the king of Araba. She betrayed the fortified capital, Hatra, to the Persian king Shapur I after seeing and falling in love with him while he was besieging the city.

历史上的纳齐菈的父亲并非纳什鲁，而是哈特拉最后一任城主。她爱上了入侵哈特拉的沙普尔一世，并帮助后者杀死自己的父亲，随后沙普尔一世征服了哈特拉城。在原神的版本中，穆扎法尔代伊攻下了拜特拉哈后，杀死了纳齐菈的父亲，并立纳齐菈为新城主。

霍杰尔 Hojir

Hojir is an Iranian hero in Shahnameh, son of Goudarz.

霍杰尔和其原型一致，是古达尔兹的儿子。

「绿之王」祖玛鲁德 Verdant Lord Zumurud

زُمُرُّد • (zumurrud) = emerald.

绿宝石。

法拉玛兹 Faramarz

Faramarz is an Iranian legendary hero in Ferdowsi's Shahnameh. He was son of Rostam and at last killed by Kay Bahman.

玛海菈 Makhaira

The makhaira is a type of Ancient Greek bladed weapon, generally a large knife or sword with a single cutting edge.

玛海菈（第四个）和西福斯（第一二三个）一样，都是武器种类。原神中有玛海菈的水色、西福斯的月光两把对应的武器。

瓦拉什 Balash

Balash was the Sasanian King of Kings of Iran from 484 to 488. He was the brother and successor of Peroz I, who had been defeated and killed by a Hephthalite army.

戈拉兹 Goraz

Shahrbaraz, was shah (king) of the Sasanian Empire from 27 April 630 to 9 June 630.

Shahrbaraz is actually a title, literally meaning "the Boar of the Empire", attesting to his dexterity in military command and his warlike personality, as the boar was the animal associated with the Zoroastrian Izad Vahram, the epitome of victory. Shahrwarāz is a Middle Persian word, with shahr meaning "country" and warāz meaning "boar". This word is rendered as Shahrbarāz (شهربراز) in New Persian and as Sarbaros (Greek: Σαρβάρος; Latin: Sarbarus) in Byzantine sources. Ferdowsi（《列王纪》作者）has used the shortened form Gurāz (گراز, literally "boar"), which is from Middle Persian warāz.

如有错漏，欢迎提出，感谢各位的观看。